scholarly journals The Influence of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide on Cerebral Hemodynamics in Nonmigraine Subjects with Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide-Induced Headaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Matija Zupan ◽  
Marjan Zaletel ◽  
Darja Visočnik ◽  
Bojana Žvan
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Partial Pressure ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Related Peptide ◽  
Calcitonin Gene ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Single Response ◽  
The Relationship

Background. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is regarded as an important molecule in trigeminovascular sensitization (TVS). CGRP-induced headaches (CGRP-IH) are evoked by intravascular administration of CGRP in nonmigraine and migraine subjects. CGRP might be associated with vasodilatation of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). It is unclear whether CGRP-induced hemodynamic changes relate to CGRP-IH in nonmigraine subjects. Methods. Twenty healthy subjects participated in our study. Polymodal recording of mean arterial velocity in MCA (vm MCA), end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure (Et-CO2), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) was employed using transcranial Doppler (TCD) sonography. During the experiment, we administered intravenous infusion of CGRP at a rate of 1.5 mcg/min. The vm MCA, Et-CO2, HR, and MAP were determined at time points T 0 , T 1 , T 2 , and T 3 . We calculated the responses at different time points and combined them into a single response vm MCAtot, Et-CO2tot, HRtot, and MAPtot. Results. We found significant differences along the time points in vm MCA ( p = < 0.001 ), Et-CO2 ( p = 0.003 ), MAP ( p < 0.001 ), and HR ( p < 0.001 ). The relationship between vm MCAtot and Et-CO2tot was significant and positive ( p = 0.005 ). The t -test showed significant differences between CGRP-IH and non-CGRP-IH subjects in vm MCAtot ( p = 0.021 ) but not in Et-CO2tot ( p = 0.838 ), MAPtot ( p = 0.839 ), and HRtot ( p = 0.198 ). Only vm MCAtot showed a significant relationship with CGRP-IH ( p = 0.028 ). Conclusions. Our study provides evidence for vasodilatation of MCA in relation to CGRP-IH due to intravascular CGRP detected by multimodal TCD. In the context of TVS induced by CGRP, MCA vasodilatation seems to represent an epiphenomenon of the underlying TVS.

Olfactory identification in patients with schizophrenia – the influence of β-endorphin and calcitonin gene-related peptide concentrations

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Urban-Kowalczyk ◽  
J. Śmigielski ◽  
D. Strzelecki
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide ◽  
Endogenous Opioids ◽  
Dopaminergic Transmission ◽  
Related Peptide ◽  
Calcitonin Gene ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Smell Identification

AbstractBackgroundThe relationship between the olfactory system and emotional processing is an area of growing interest in schizophrenia research. Both the orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala are involved in the processing of olfactory information, and olfactory deficits may be also influenced by endogenous opioids and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which is probably involved in dopaminergic transmission. However, the relationship between endorphins and dopaminergic transmission has not been fully explored.MethodsOdor identification performance and valence interaction was evaluated among 50 schizophrenic patients and 50 controls. Schizophrenia symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). All study participants were subjected to the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), blood β-endorphin (BE) and CGRP measurement.ResultsInsignificantly higher BE concentrations were observed in the patient group, while significantly higher UPSIT scores were seen in controls (mean UPSIT 32.48 vs 26.82). The patients demonstrated significantly more identification errors for pleasant (P = 0.000) and neutral (P = 0.055) odors than for unpleasant odors. Patients with higher BE concentrations made more identification errors concerning pleasant (Rs = −0.292; P = 0.04) and neutral odors (Rs = −0.331; P = 0.019). Although the concentration of CGRP was significantly higher in the patient sample (P < 0.001), no relationship was observed between concentration and UPSIT performance. A strong negative correlation was observed between PANSS N score and UPSIT total score (Rs = −0.646; P = 0.000), between PANSS N score and identification by valence for pleasant and neutral odors (UPSIT n/16: Rs = −0.450, P = 0.001; UPSIT n/15: Rs = −0.586, P = 0.000), and a weak negative correlation between PANSS N score and identification of unpleasant odors (UPSIT n/9: Rs = −0.325, P = 0.021).ConclusionsSchizophrenic patients present a unique pattern of smell identification characterized by aberrant hedonic ratings for pleasant odors but not unpleasant ones. Individuals with predominant negative symptoms and higher BE concentrations are most able to identify negative odors.

scholarly journals CGRP release in an experimental human trigeminal pain model

Cephalalgia ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 033310242110172
Author(s):  
Achim Frese ◽  
Oliver Summ ◽  
Stefan Evers
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Primary Headache ◽  
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide ◽  
Headache Disorders ◽  
Pain Model ◽  
Related Peptide ◽  
Trigeminal Pain ◽  
Calcitonin Gene ◽  
Autonomic Activation ◽  
Mandibular Region

Background Migraine and trigemino-autonomic cephalalgia attacks are associated with an increase of α-calcitonin-gene related peptide levels in the ipsilateral jugular vein. It is however unknown whether trigeminal pain stimulation in healthy subjects without headache disorders also induces increase of calcitonin-gene related peptide levels. Findings We measured α-calcitonin-gene related peptide levels in eight healthy subjects after subcutaneous injection of capsaicin in the forehead and in the mandibular region and after injection of sodium chloride in the forehead. We observed a significant increase of α-calcitonin-gene related peptide level only after injection of capsaicin in the forehead (i.e. first trigeminal branch). We also observed trigemino-autonomic activation (lacrimation, rhinorrhea etc.) only after injection of capsaicin in the forehead. Conclusion Increase of α-calcitonin-gene related peptide levels do not only occur in primary headache attacks but also after experimental trigeminal pain of the first branch. This finding suggests that α-calcitonin-gene related peptide elevation is, at least an additional, unspecific effect of first trigeminal branch stimulation following pain activation and not a specific mechanism of idiopathic headache disorders.

scholarly journals The relationship between calcitonin gene-related peptide and depression-like behavior

2016 ◽  
Vol 148 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-143
Author(s):  
Narumi Hashikawa-Hobara ◽  
Takumi Ogawa ◽  
Yusuke Sakamoto ◽  
Naoya Hashikawa
Keyword(s):  
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide ◽  
Related Peptide ◽  
Calcitonin Gene ◽  
The Relationship
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