Influence of aerobic fitness on the correspondence between heart rate variability and ventilatory threshold

The aims of this study were to verify the correspondence between heart rate variability (HRV) and ventilatory thresholds during a progressive exercise test and the relationship with low and high aerobic fitness levels. Twenty male volunteers (29.5±6.2 years; 75.9±13.0 kg; 175.0±7.4 cm) were recruited. The subjects were allocated to two groups according to their VO2max <48.8 ml•kg−1•min−1 (low cardiorespiratory fitness group) (n=10) and >48.81 ml•kg−1•min−1 (high cardiorespiratory fitness group) (n=10). A progressive test was performed, consisting of 3-min stages beginning at 25 watts and increasing by 25 watts every 3-min. The HRV threshold (HRVT) and ventilatory threshold (VT) analyses were performed through visual inspection. The comparisons with RMSSD values in percentage of maximum workload resulted in a higher effect size (ES) than the SDNN values. The VO2 in the high cardiorespiratory fitness group at VT (+32%), HRVTRMSSD (+27%), and HRVTSDNN (+31%) was signifi cantly higher compared to the group with low cardiorespiratory fitness. Higher values were observed for relative load (W•kg-1) at VT and HRVTSDNN in the high cardiorespiratory fitness group in comparison with the low cardiorespiratory fitness group (P<0.05), but no difference for VT and HRVTRMSSD. Signifi cant correlations between at VT and HRVTSDNN (r=0.77) were found only in the low cardiorespiratory fitness group. Cardiorespiratory fitness should be regarded as a factor for HRVT evaluation. The HRVTSDNN was closer to the VT in the low cardiorespiratory fitness group than the HRVTRMSSD, however, the use of vagal modulation assessed using the HRV parameter was more sensitive to observe possible differences regarding cardiorespiratory fitness.

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Influence of aerobic fitness on the correspondence between heart rate variability and ventilatory threshold

Revista Brasileira de Educação Física e Esporte ◽

10.11606/issn.1981-4690.v34i4p555-566 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 555-566

Author(s):

Lúcio Flávio Soares-Caldeira ◽

Carla Cristiane da Silva ◽

Priscila Chierotti ◽

Nicolle de Souza Dias ◽

Fábio Yuzo Nakamura

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Aerobic Fitness ◽

Visual Inspection ◽

Ventilatory Threshold ◽

Vagal Modulation ◽

Maximum Workload ◽

Progressive Exercise ◽

The Relationship

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Heart Rate Variability-Guided Training for Enhancing Cardiac-Vagal Modulation, Aerobic Fitness, and Endurance Performance: A Methodological Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph181910299 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (19) ◽

pp. 10299

Author(s):

Agustín Manresa-Rocamora ◽

José Manuel Sarabia ◽

Alejandro Javaloyes ◽

Andrew A. Flatt ◽

Manuel Moya-Ramón

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Aerobic Capacity ◽

Aerobic Fitness ◽

Ventilatory Threshold ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Endurance Performance ◽

Performance Outcomes ◽

Vagal Modulation

Purpose: This systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to establish whether heart rate variability (HRV)-guided training enhances cardiac-vagal modulation, aerobic fitness, or endurance performance to a greater extent than predefined training while accounting for methodological factors. Methods: We searched Web of Science Core Collection, Pubmed, and Embase databases up to October 2020. A random-effects model of standardized mean difference (SMD) was estimated for each outcome measure. Chi-square and the I2 index were used to evaluate the degree of homogeneity. Results: Accounting for methodological factors, HRV-guided training was superior for enhancing vagal-related HRV indices (SMD+ = 0.50 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.09, 0.91)), but not resting HR (SMD+ = 0.04 (95% CI = −0.34, 0.43)). Consistently small but non-significant (p > 0.05) SMDs in favor of HRV-guided training were observed for enhancing maximal aerobic capacity (SMD+ = 0.20 (95% CI = −0.07, 0.47)), aerobic capacity at second ventilatory threshold (SMD+ = 0.26 (95% CI = −0.05, 0.57)), and endurance performance (SMD+ = 0.20 (95% CI = −0.09, 0.48)), versus predefined training. No heterogeneity was found for any of the analyzed aerobic fitness and endurance performance outcomes. Conclusion: Best methodological practices pertaining to HRV index selection, recording position, and approaches for establishing baseline reference values and daily changes (i.e., fixed or rolling HRV averages) require further study. HRV-guided training may be more effective than predefined training for maintaining and improving vagal-mediated HRV, with less likelihood of negative responses. However, if HRV-guided training is superior to predefined training for producing group-level improvements in fitness and performance, current data suggest it is only by a small margin.

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Influence of Training Load and Altitude on Heart Rate Variability Fatigue Patterns in Elite Nordic Skiers

International Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1055/a-0577-4429 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (10) ◽

pp. 773-781 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Laurent Schmitt ◽

Jacques Regnard ◽

Nicolas Coulmy ◽

Gregoire Millet

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Ventilatory Threshold ◽

Training Load ◽

Altitude Training ◽

Training Volume ◽

Training Time ◽

Zone Ii ◽

Load Intensity ◽

The Relationship

AbstractWe aimed to analyse the relationship between training load/intensity and different heart rate variability (HRV) fatigue patterns in 57 elite Nordic-skiers. 1063 HRV tests were performed during 5 years. R-R intervals were recorded in resting supine (SU) and standing (ST) positions. Heart rate, low (LF), high (HF) frequency powers of HRV were determined. Training volume, training load (TL, a.u.) according to ventilatory threshold 1 (VT1) and VT2 were measured in zones I≤VT1; VT1<II≤VT2; III>VT2, IV for strength. TL was performed at 81.6±3.5% in zone I, 0.9±0.9% in zone II, 5.0±3.6% in zone III, 11.6±6.3% in zone IV. 172 HRV tests matched a fatigue state and four HRV fatigue patterns (F) were statistically characterized as F(HF-LF-)SU_ST for 121 tests, F(LF+SULF-ST) for 18 tests, F(HF-SUHF+ST) for 26 tests and F(HF+SU) for 7 tests. The occurrence of fatigue states increased substantially with the part of altitude training time (r2=0.52, p<0.001). This study evidenced that there is no causal relationship between training load/intensity and HRV fatigue patterns. Four fatigue-shifted HRV patterns were sorted. Altitude training periods appeared critical as they are likely to increase the overreaching risks.

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