scholarly journals The Role of VMPC in Metamemorial Judgments of Content Retrievability

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 832-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Schnyer ◽  
Lindsay Nicholls ◽  
Mieke Verfaellie
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Feeling Of Knowing ◽  
Ventral Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Memory Contents ◽  
Frontal Lesions ◽  
Content Accessibility

Making judgments about the retrievability of information is a critical part of the metamemory processes engaged during remembering. A recent study of patients with frontal lesions suggests that ventral medial prefrontal cortex (VMPC) plays a critical role in such judgments [Schnyer, D. M., Verfaellie, M., Alexander, M. P., Lafleche, G., Nicholls, L., & Kaszniak, A. W. A role for right medial prefrontal cortex in accurate feeling of knowing judgments: Evidence from patients with lesions to frontal cortex. Neuropsychologia, 42, 957–966, 2004]. The observed impairment was thought to reflect an inability to determine the accessibility of memory contents. To further examine the neuroanatomical basis of content accessibility assessment, we used fMRI in an episodic feeling-of-knowing (FOK) paradigm. Participants were asked to make trial-by-trial predictions about the retrievability of the final word that completed studied sentences and then to select the correct completion from among alternatives. Results indicated that the VMPC is engaged during accurate FOK judgments and its activation is modulated by retrieval rating. Structural equations modeling supported the notion that VMPC, as part of a broader left hemisphere network involved in memory retrieval, monitors the output of the retrieval process. More generally, VMPC may participate in metacognitive processes that allow for the comparison of available data against an internal model.

The Role of the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Moderating Neural Representations of Self and Other in Primates

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Isoda
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Neural Representations ◽  
The Social

As a frontal node in the primate social brain, the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) plays a critical role in coordinating one's own behavior with respect to that of others. Current literature demonstrates that single neurons in the MPFC encode behavior-related variables such as intentions, actions, and rewards, specifically for self and other, and that the MPFC comes into play when reflecting upon oneself and others. The social moderator account of MPFC function can explain maladaptive social cognition in people with autism spectrum disorder, which tips the balance in favor of self-centered perspectives rather than taking into consideration the perspective of others. Several strands of evidence suggest a hypothesis that the MPFC represents different other mental models, depending on the context at hand, to better predict others’ emotions and behaviors. This hypothesis also accounts for aberrant MPFC activity in autistic individuals while they are mentalizing others. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Neuroscience, Volume 44 is July 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

scholarly journals Role of ventral medial prefrontal cortex in incubation of cocaine craving

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eisuke Koya ◽  
Jamie L. Uejima ◽  
Kristina A. Wihbey ◽  
Jennifer M. Bossert ◽  
Bruce T. Hope ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Ventral Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Cocaine Craving

scholarly journals The role of ventral medial prefrontal cortex in social decisions: Converging evidence from fMRI and frontotemporal lobar degeneration

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 3505-3512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray Grossman ◽  
Paul J. Eslinger ◽  
Vanessa Troiani ◽  
Chivon Anderson ◽  
Brian Avants ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration ◽  
Ventral Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Social Decisions

Mediofrontal Negativity Signals Unexpected Timing of Salient Outcomes

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 718-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Garofalo ◽  
Christopher Timmermann ◽  
Simone Battaglia ◽  
Martin E. Maier ◽  
Giuseppe di Pellegrino
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Computational Model ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Prediction Error ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Aversive Conditioning ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Future Outcomes

The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and ACC have been consistently implicated in learning predictions of future outcomes and signaling prediction errors (i.e., unexpected deviations from such predictions). A computational model of ACC/mPFC posits that these prediction errors should be modulated by outcomes occurring at unexpected times, even if the outcomes themselves are predicted. However, unexpectedness per se is not the only variable that modulates ACC/mPFC activity, as studies reported its sensitivity to the salience of outcomes. In this study, mediofrontal negativity, a component of the event-related brain potential generated in ACC/mPFC and coding for prediction errors, was measured in 48 participants performing a Pavlovian aversive conditioning task, during which aversive (thus salient) and neutral outcomes were unexpectedly shifted (i.e., anticipated or delayed) in time. Mediofrontal ERP signals of prediction error were observed for outcomes occurring at unexpected times but were specific for salient (shock-associated), as compared with neutral, outcomes. These findings have important implications for the theoretical accounts of ACC/mPFC and suggest a critical role of timing and salience information in prediction error signaling.

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