Ecology of juvenile Northern watersnakes (Nerodia sipedon) inhabiting low-order streams

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Cecala ◽  
Michael Dorcas ◽  
Steven Price
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Juvenile Stage ◽  
Nerodia Sipedon ◽  
Order Stream ◽  
First Order ◽  
High Survivorship ◽  
History Of ◽  
Low Order

AbstractThe juvenile stage for many reptiles is considered “the lost years” because of low capture probabilities, however understanding factors impacting juvenile survivorship and recruitment is critical for conservation of populations. We studied the ecology of juvenile Northern watersnakes, Nerodia sipedon, by intensively sampling a first-order stream and determined the occupancy of juveniles in 30 low-order streams in the Piedmont of North Carolina. Juveniles were relatively abundant within a single stream (n = 62 ± 9), and their capture probabilities were positively related to increasing stream-water temperatures. We also found that juveniles had high survivorship (ϕ = 0.87 ± 0.017). Occupancy of juvenile N. sipedon in low-order, Piedmont streams may be greater at streams that have confluences with high order streams or lakes, which potentially support adult N. sipedon populations. This study provides important information regarding the natural history of juvenile reptiles and indicates the importance of low order streams as habitat for N. sipedon populations.

Natural History of the Southern Hognose Snake (Heterodon simus) in North Carolina, USA

Copeia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey C. Beane ◽  
Sean P. Graham ◽  
Thomas J. Thorp ◽  
L. Todd Pusser
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Natural History ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals The natural history of North Carolina.

1911 ◽  
Author(s):  
John. [from old catalog] Brickell ◽  
J. Bryan Grimes ◽  
John Lawson ◽  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Natural History ◽  
History Of

Dr John Brickell's Catalogue of American Trees and Shrubs (1739): A bibliographic misadventure

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
MARCUS B. SIMPSON
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Natural History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

Dr John Brickell, the obscure author/compiler of the Natural History of North-Carolina (1737), has long been credited with a second work, commonly cited as A Catalogue of American Trees and Shrubs which will endure the Climate of England (1739). Careful review of the available data suggests that this attribution may have resulted from an error in Robert Watt's Bibliotheca Britannica, in which a broadside catalogue sheet bearing the title, issued by plant nurseryman Christopher Gray, was mistakenly credited to Brickell.

Zoological material for John Lawson's “Compleat History” of Carolina (1710–1711): specimens recorded in Hans Sloane's catalogues

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-345
Author(s):  
Marcus B. Simpson ◽  
Sallie W. Simpson ◽  
David W. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Natural History ◽  
British Museum ◽  
Natural History Museum ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Untimely Death ◽  
Natural History Collections ◽  
History Of ◽  
Museum Staff

As part of his plan for a “Compleat History” of the region, John Lawson, Surveyor-General of North Carolina, collected plants and animals in 1710 and 1711 from Virginia and North Carolina and shipped them to James Petiver in London. After Petiver's death in 1718, his collection was acquired by Hans Sloane and subsequently incorporated into the natural history collections in the British Museum. The Sloane herbarium, now at the Natural History Museum, London, contains more than 300 previously reported botanical specimens attributed to Lawson, but details of his zoological collecting have not heretofore been documented. Two of Sloane's manuscript catalogues of “Fossils” include at least 34 specimens that appear to have been among those sent by Lawson to Petiver. These Lawson specimens were probably discarded or destroyed by British Museum staff in the 1700s or early 1800s. The Sloane catalogues nevertheless provide evidence that Lawson had begun work on his ambitious plan for a natural history of Carolina. Lawson's untimely death in September 1711 brought an abrupt end to the project, and Petiver apparently never used the zoological material he received from Lawson.

Ecological and genetic evidence that low-order streams inhibit dispersal by red-backed salamanders (Plethodon cinereus)

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Marsh ◽  
R.B. Page ◽  
T.J. Hanlon ◽  
H. Bareke ◽  
R. Corritone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Plethodon Cinereus ◽  
Order Stream ◽  
Genetic Population ◽  
Return Rates ◽  
First Order ◽  
Barrier Effects ◽  
Small Streams ◽  
Low Order

While many studies have examined the barrier effects of large rivers on animal dispersal and gene flow, few studies have considered the barrier effects of small streams. We used displacement experiments and analyses of genetic population structure to examine the effects of first-order and second-order streams on the dispersal of terrestrial red-backed salamanders, Plethodon cinereus (Green, 1818). We marked red-backed salamanders from near the edges of one first-order stream and one second-order stream, and experimentally displaced them either across the stream or an equal distance farther into the forest. A comparison of return rates indicated that both streams were partial barriers to salamander movement, reducing return rates by approximately 50%. Analysis of six microsatellite loci from paired plots on the same side and on opposite sides of the second-order stream suggested that the stream did contribute to genetic differentiation of salamander populations. Collectively, our results imply that low-order streams do influence patterns of movement and gene flow in red-backed salamanders. We suggest that given the high density of first-order and second-order streams in most landscapes, these features may have important effects on species that, like red-backed salamanders, have limited dispersal and large geographic ranges.

1. Surveyors and Explorers

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Bohls
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Present State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Exact Description

JOHN LAWSON, A New Voyage to Carolina; Containing the Exact Description and Natural History of that Country: Together with the Present State thereof (1709) John Lawson (d. 1711) arrived in North Carolina in 1700, worked as a deputy to the colony’s Surveyor-General, and succeeded to...

scholarly journals Response of a first-order stream in Maine to short-term in-stream acidification

2000 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Norton ◽  
R. Wagai ◽  
T. Navratil ◽  
J. M. Kaste ◽  
F. A. Rissberger
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Ph Change ◽  
Order Stream ◽  
First Order ◽  
Stream Acidification ◽  
Ph Range

Abstract. An experimental short-term acidification with HCl at a first-order stream in central Maine, USA was used to study processes controlling the changes in stream chemistry and to assess the ability of stream substrate to buffer pH. The streambed exerted a strong buffering capacity against pH change by ion exchange during the 6-hour acidification. Streambed substrates had substantial cation and anion exchange capacity in the pH range of 4.1 to 6.5. The ion exchange for cations and SO42- were rapid and reversible. The speed of release of cations from stream substrates was Na1+> Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Aln+ > Be2+, perhaps relating to charge density of these cations. Ca2+ desorption dominated neutralisation of excess H+ for the first 2 hr. As the reservoir of exchangeable Ca diminished, desorption (and possibly dissolution) of Al3+ became the dominant neutralising mechanism. The exchangeable (and possibly soluble) reservoir of Al was not depleted during the 6-hour acidification. Sulphate adsorption during the acidification reduced the concentration of SO42- in stream water by as much as 20 μeq L-1 (from 70 μeq L-1). Desorption of SO42- and adsorption of base cations after the artificial acidification resulted in a prolongation of the pH depression. The streambed had the capacity to buffer stream water chemistry significantly during an acidifying event affecting the entire upstream catchment. Keywords: stream acidification; ion exchange; sediment; sulfate exchange; aluminium; beryllium

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