Fertiliser use efficiency of soybean cultivars infected with Meloidogyne incognita and Pratylenchus penetrans

Nematology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haddish Melakeberhan
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Nematode Population Density ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertiliser Use

AbstractThe most appropriate use of fertilisers to offset damage caused by nematode infestations can benefit greatly from determining fertiliser use efficiency (FUE). FUE is defined as increase in host productivity and/or decrease in nematode population density in response to a given fertiliser treatment. This study describes new and integrated approaches to identify FUE in nematode-infected plants. In two consecutive experiments, Heterodera glycines-resistant 'Bryan', susceptible-tolerant 'G88-20092', and susceptible-intolerant 'Tracy M' soybean cultivars were inoculated with 0 or 15 000 eggs of Meloidogyne incognita or mixed stages of Pratylenchus penetrans per 800 cm3 of sandy loam soil and maintained under glasshouse conditions (28 ± 2°C) for 25 and 26 days. Plants received 83 ± 21 and 89 ± 19 ml either full-strength Hoagland solution (HS), HS without N (HS-N), or tap water daily in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Photosynthesis and nematode population dynamics were chosen to test FUE because the relationship between these two parameters, for the most part, determines the outcome of crop yield in the presence of nematodes. Although the FUE varied by fertiliser source, cultivar and nematode, the data were conclusive in identifying the interactions. FUE was high for photosynthesis in all three cultivars, and more so in HS than in HS-N. FUE was high for suppressing population densities of both nematodes and increasing photosynthesis in cv. Tracy M and for M. incognita in cv. G88-20092. Fertiliser application against P. penetrans in cv. Bryan was unproductive because nematode population density increased. FUE for P. penetrans in cv. G88-20092 and for M. incognita in cv. Bryan was less conclusive because there was some increase in nematode population density. Overall, these new approaches to identifying FUE for host productivity in the presence of nematodes provide quantitative data that should be of great interest to plant breeders, soil scientists, agronomists and plant protection specialists.

scholarly journals Mineral composition of beetroot treated with potential elicitors and inoculated with Meloidogyne javanica

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Juliana Grotto Débia ◽  
Beatriz Cervejeira Bolanho ◽  
Claudia Regina Dias-Arieira
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Cu Content ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Nematode Population Density ◽  
Elicitor Treatments

Abstract Background The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica can infect beetroots, causing extensive damage to this food crop. As chemical and genetic control tactics have shown limited efficacy, new strategies are needed to improve the integrated management of this parasite. This study assessed the influence of potential defence elicitors and M. javanica infection on the mineral composition of beetroot. Plants were treated with acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), citrus biomass, or a mannanoligosaccharide-based product (MOS) and inoculated with 1000 eggs and second-stage juveniles of M. javanica. At 60 days after inoculation, beetroot plants were harvested and evaluated for nematode population density, vegetative growth, and mineral content. Results All potential elicitors reduced nematode population density in beetroots (p ≤ 0.10) and improved the vegetative parameters of inoculated plants (p ≤ 0.05), except shoot fresh weight. Some minerals were found to be negatively affected by treatments, particularly calcium, whose levels were consistently lower in treated plants. On the other hand, M. javanica inoculation increased magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, and copper contents in beetroots. However, the latter mineral (Cu content) of inoculated plants was positively influenced by MOS and ASM. Conclusion Potential elicitor treatments did not improve the mineral composition of beetroot, but were effective in reducing nematode population density. Plants inoculated with M. javanica had higher mineral levels. However, gall formation decreases the commercial value of the crop and might render it unsuitable for commercialisation. M. javanica-infected beetroots may be used for nutrient extraction or sold to food processing industries.

Efficacy of the fungi Hirsutella minnesotensis and H. rhossiliensis from liquid culture for control of the soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines

Nematology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shufen Liu ◽  
Senyu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Solid Culture ◽  
Nematode Population Density ◽  
Biological Control Potential ◽  
Shoot Weight

AbstractHirsutella minnesotensis and H. rhossiliensis are endoparasites of nematodes, and their biological control potential against Heterodera glycines when cultured and applied on corn grits has been reported. In this study, the potential of liquid cultures of the two fungi was evaluated in two glasshouse experiments. Both liquid culture at 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 g of fresh mycelium/300 cm3 soil (per pot) and solid culture at 1% (corn grits: soil, w/w) reduced nematode egg population densities in both autoclaved and unheated soils as compared with soil-only control or corn-grits control. However, the liquid culture at 0.2–0.8 g of mycelium/pot appeared to be more effective in reducing the nematode population than the solid culture of 1%. Hirsutella rhossiliensis resulted in lower nematode population density than H. minnesotensis only in unheated soil in one experiment. The soil heat treatment generally increased the nematode population density but did not affect percentage reduction of the nematode population density as compared with respective controls, except that reduction by H. rhossiliensis was greater in unheated soil than heat-treated soil in one experiment. Percentage of second-stage juveniles (J2) parasitised by fungi at the end of the experiment (60 days after planting) was generally higher with H. minnesotensis than with H. rhossiliensis. The percentage parasitism was positively correlated with initial fungal inoculation level. The soil heat treatment increased fungal parasitism in one experiment but not in the other. Plant growth was unaffected by treatments except that the soil heat treatment increased plant shoot weight as compared with unheated soil in one experiment.

scholarly journals Vertical Distribution of Pratylenchus Alleni and P. Scribneri in Soybean Roots

1969 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
N. Acosta
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Nematode Population Density ◽  
Soybean Roots ◽  
Total P

In a study of the distribution of Pratylenchus alleni and P. scribneri within Clark 63 soybean roots from nematode-infested soil, populations of both nematode species were most abundant in the first 10-15 cm of the root zone, 30 days after planting. There was a distinct decrease in nematode population density in both species with depth of the taproot. Fifty percent of the total P. alleni population in lateral roots was located in the first 5 cm from the taproot, whereas only 26% of P. scribneri population occurred in this region.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Pratylenchus penetrans by intercroping of Rudbeckia hirta and Lycopersicon esculentum in pot cultivation

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Potter ◽  
A.W. McKeown.
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Rudbeckia Hirta ◽  
Population Reduction ◽  
Pot Culture

In greenhouse pot culture over a 6-week period, population density of Pratylenchus penetrans declined pronouncedly both under Rudbeckia hirta alone and under a R. hirta - tomato combination, whereas tomato alone supported the nematode population. Population reduction is attributed in part to the known nematicidal effect of thiarubrine C in R. hirta. Overall, the presence of R. hirta in the tomato pot only slightly suppressed growth of either plant during the 6 weeks.

scholarly journals Sampling Error in Relation to Cyst Nematode Population Density Estimation in Small Field Plots

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
VESNA ZUPUNSKI ◽  
RADIVOJE JEVTIC ◽  
VESNA SPASIC JOKIC ◽  
LJUBICA ZUPUNSKI ◽  
MIRJANA LALOSEVIC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Density Estimation ◽  
Sampling Error ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Small Field ◽  
Nematode Population Density ◽  
Field Plots
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