Perceptual calibration to delayed auditory feedback of self-body movement

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Koichi Toida ◽  
Kanako Ueno ◽  
Sotaro Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Logistic Function ◽  
Feedback Delay ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Probability Curve ◽  
Delay Detection ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
The Subject

Temporal contingency between self-body movement and its auditory feedback is crucial to perceive external auditory events. The present study examined whether delay detection of self-generated sound is modulated by short-term exposure of delayed auditory feedback. A total of 36 healthy students participated in Experiment 1 (, age 21.4 ± 1.3 years, mean ± SD) and 2 (, age 20.8 ± 1.4 years). In both experiments, the subject pressed a button with their right index finger and judged whether the auditory feedback (full-range pulsed sound) delivered through a headphone was delayed or not, compared to the sensation of the finger movement. Auditory feedback delay was inserted by using a sound effector device (SPX2000, YAMAHA, Japan). The durations of auditory feedback delay were ranged from 118 to 352 ms at 33.3 ms intervals in Experiment 1, and from 19 to 253 ms in Experiment 2. To calculate the point of subjective equality (PSE), where the delay detection rate was 50%, we have fitted a logistic function to the delay detection probability curve for each subject. The results showed that PSEs were 209.0 and 137.5 ms in Experiment 1 and 2, respectively, which were significantly different (, ). This indicates that PSE was modulated by the range of the delay used in the experiment; PSE became longer as the delay lengthened. We suppose that the perceptual delay in auditory feedback of self-body movement is automatically calibrated to the frequently exposed duration between self-body movement and the auditory feedback.

Perception of Auditory Feedback Delay: Subjective Estimate of Delay Magnitude

1968 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 861-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Saxman ◽  
Theodore D. Hanley
Keyword(s):  
Delay Interval ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Feedback Delay ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Physical Time ◽  
Subjective Estimate ◽  
Speech Response ◽  
Female Subjects

Twenty female subjects were required to select, by the method of fractionation, the delay interval judged by them to be one-half the duration of the standard delay interval with which it was paired. The signals judged were the delay intervals between the subjects' own production of the syllable /da/ and its return via delayed auditory feedback. Ten ascending and ten descending one-half judgments were obtained for each subject at each of tie standard delay intervals of 100, 200, 400, and 800 msec. The curves for the ascending, descending, and combined ascending-descending judgments, when plotted against delay intervals in physical time, were all nearly linear with a slight positively accelerated slope. A tentative scale of subjective delay time is described and its implications for evaluating the speech response to DAF as a function of time are noted.

DAF as Instrumental Treatment for Dysarthria in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne R. Hanson ◽  
E. Jeffry Metter
Keyword(s):  
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Speech Rate ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Rate Intensity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Vocal Intensity

In this case study, a 59-year-old male with progressive supranuclear palsy and hypokinetic dysarthria wore a small, solid state, battery operated, delayed auditory feedback device to reduce speech rate and to aid speech intelligibility. Time series measurements were made from tape recordings taken at the beginning of treatment and again after three months of daily wearing of the device. Measures of speech rate, intensity, and overall intelligibility indicate that when the instrument is worn, the subject's speech is slowed, vocal intensity increases, and intelligibility is markedly improved. The subject and his family report satisfaction with the instrument. The application of delayed auditory feedback to the treatment of communication disorders is discussed.

Differential Sensitivity to Auditory Feedback Delay Intervals: A Preliminary Study

1968 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Saxman
Keyword(s):  
Delay Interval ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Speech Signal ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Differential Sensitivity ◽  
Feedback Delay ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Interval Change ◽  
Delay Times ◽  
Preliminary Study

Differential sensitivity to delay interval change (jnd) was assessed for six subjects at 12 standard delay times ranging from 30 msec to 360 msec. The speaker’s self-generated speech signal (/da/) and its return via delayed auditory feedback constituted the interval boundaries. Mean absolute jnd’s varied in magnitude from 15.45 msec to 19.66 msec and were found to be independent of the standard delay times. The relative sensitivity (ΔD/D) to delay change decreased rapidly at the shorter delay times, then leveled off to a fairly gradual slope beginning at approximately 150 msec.

Delayed Auditory Feedback with Different Delay Times at Each Ear

1964 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-371
Author(s):  
Samuel Fillenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Delay Interval ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Delay Times

Binaurally asynchronous delayed auditory feedback (DAF) was compared with synchronous DAF in 80 normal subjects. Asynchronous DAF (0.10 sec difference) did not yield results different from those obtained under synchronous DAF with a 0.20 sec delay interval, an interval characteristically resulting in maximum disruptions in speech.

The Establishment, Transfer, and Maintenance of Fluent Speech in 50 Stutterers Using Delayed Auditory Feedback and Operant Procedures

1974 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce P. Ryan ◽  
Barbara Van Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Rehabilitation Center ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Fluent Speech ◽  
Speech Fluency ◽  
The Past ◽  
Clinical Program

Operant speech fluency techniques are being used in a clinical program in a rehabilitation center to treat people who stutter. Establishment, transfer, and maintenance programs are used. Delayed auditory feedback is commonly employed to produce the initial fluent speech. From more than 200 clients seen over the past four years, 50 recent clients were selected for a detailed analysis. The results indicate that the programs are effective in helping people of varying ages and stuttering severity to speak fluently. This was accomplished in relatively short periods (approximately 20 hours of therapy). The fluent speech of the clients has transferred to their environment and checks indicate that it has been maintained.

scholarly journals Exposure to auditory feedback delay while speaking induces perceptual habituation but does not mitigate the disruptive effect of delay on speech auditory-motor learning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas M. Shiller ◽  
Takashi Mitsuya ◽  
Ludo Max
Keyword(s):  
Motor Learning ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Motor Adaptation ◽  
List Type ◽  
Disruptive Effect ◽  
Feedback Delay ◽  
Spectral Perturbation

ABSTRACTPerceiving the sensory consequences of our actions with a delay alters the interpretation of these afferent signals and impacts motor learning. For reaching movements, delayed visual feedback of hand position reduces the rate and extent of visuomotor adaptation, but substantial adaptation still occurs. Moreover, the detrimental effect of visual feedback delay on reach motor learning—selectively affecting its implicit component—can be mitigated by prior habituation to the delay. Auditory-motor learning for speech has been reported to be more sensitive to feedback delay, and it remains unknown whether habituation to auditory delay reduces its negative impact on learning. We investigated whether 30 minutes of exposure to auditory delay during speaking (a) affects the subjective perception of delay, and (b) mitigates its disruptive effect on speech auditory-motor learning. During a speech adaptation task with real-time perturbation of vowel spectral properties, participants heard this frequency-shifted feedback with no delay, 75 ms delay, or 115 ms delay. In the delay groups, 50% of participants had been exposed to the delay throughout a preceding 30-minute block of speaking whereas the remaining participants completed this block without delay. Although habituation minimized awareness of the delay, no improvement in adaptation to the spectral perturbation was observed. Thus, short-term habituation to auditory feedback delays is not effective in reducing the negative impact of delay on speech auditory-motor adaptation. Combined with previous findings, the strong negative effect of delay and the absence of an influence of delay awareness suggest the involvement of predominantly implicit learning mechanisms in speech.HIGHLIGHTSSpeech auditory-motor adaptation to a spectral perturbation was reduced by ~50% when feedback was delayed by 75 or 115 ms.Thirty minutes of prior delay exposure without perturbation effectively reduced participants’ awareness of the delay.However, habituation was ineffective in remediating the detrimental effect of delay on speech auditory-motor adaptation.The dissociation of delay awareness and adaptation suggests that speech auditory-motor learning is mostly implicit.

scholarly journals A Marxist Response to the CEA’s Report “The Opportunity Cost of Socialism”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David McMullen
Keyword(s):  
Opportunity Cost ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
The Subject

By setting out the full range of confusion on the subject of socialism, the report by the Council of Economic Advisers (C.E.A.) has provided a good opportunity to both explain and defend the Marxist view on the matter.

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