Perception of Auditory Feedback Delay: Subjective Estimate of Delay Magnitude

1968 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 861-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Saxman ◽  
Theodore D. Hanley
Keyword(s):  
Delay Interval ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Feedback Delay ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Physical Time ◽  
Subjective Estimate ◽  
Speech Response ◽  
Female Subjects

Twenty female subjects were required to select, by the method of fractionation, the delay interval judged by them to be one-half the duration of the standard delay interval with which it was paired. The signals judged were the delay intervals between the subjects' own production of the syllable /da/ and its return via delayed auditory feedback. Ten ascending and ten descending one-half judgments were obtained for each subject at each of tie standard delay intervals of 100, 200, 400, and 800 msec. The curves for the ascending, descending, and combined ascending-descending judgments, when plotted against delay intervals in physical time, were all nearly linear with a slight positively accelerated slope. A tentative scale of subjective delay time is described and its implications for evaluating the speech response to DAF as a function of time are noted.

Differential Sensitivity to Auditory Feedback Delay Intervals: A Preliminary Study

1968 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Saxman
Keyword(s):  
Delay Interval ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Speech Signal ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Differential Sensitivity ◽  
Feedback Delay ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Interval Change ◽  
Delay Times ◽  
Preliminary Study

Differential sensitivity to delay interval change (jnd) was assessed for six subjects at 12 standard delay times ranging from 30 msec to 360 msec. The speaker’s self-generated speech signal (/da/) and its return via delayed auditory feedback constituted the interval boundaries. Mean absolute jnd’s varied in magnitude from 15.45 msec to 19.66 msec and were found to be independent of the standard delay times. The relative sensitivity (ΔD/D) to delay change decreased rapidly at the shorter delay times, then leveled off to a fairly gradual slope beginning at approximately 150 msec.

Delayed Auditory Feedback with Different Delay Times at Each Ear

1964 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-371
Author(s):  
Samuel Fillenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Delay Interval ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Delay Times

Binaurally asynchronous delayed auditory feedback (DAF) was compared with synchronous DAF in 80 normal subjects. Asynchronous DAF (0.10 sec difference) did not yield results different from those obtained under synchronous DAF with a 0.20 sec delay interval, an interval characteristically resulting in maximum disruptions in speech.

Visually and Auditorily Paced Keytapping Performance During Synchronous, Decreased, and Delayed Auditory and Visual Feedback

1967 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 865-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond S. Karlovich ◽  
James T. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Sensory Feedback ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Delayed Visual Feedback ◽  
Female Subjects

Twenty female subjects tapped on a tapping key to programmed visual pacing stimuli under synchronous auditory feedback, delayed auditory feedback, and decreased sensory feedback conditions and also to programmed auditory pacing stimuli under synchronous visual feedback, delayed visual feedback, and decreased sensory feedback conditions. Cross-modality matching procedures were employed to equate the perceptual magnitudes of the auditory and visual stimuli. Pattern duration and tapping key displacement variables were evaluated and it was noted that the relative perceptual magnitudes between pacing and feedback stimuli are important aspects determining the degree of alteration in keytapping motor performance under delayed sensory feedback. The data also indicated that increases in the intensity of tapping observed under delayed sensory feedback conditions were not due to the temporal distortion of the feedback but possibly to an absence of feedback at the moment of tapping.

Age, Sex, and Delay Time as Factors Affecting Reaction to Delayed Auditory Feedback

1976 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverly A. Timmons ◽  
James P. Boudreau
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Feedback Condition ◽  
Speaking Rate ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Nursery Rhyme ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
Post Hoc

Five groups of 10 males and 10 females each, aged 5, 7, 9, 11, and 13 yr., recited a nursery rhyme under normal delay and 113-, 226-, 306-, 403-, and 520-msec delayed auditory-feedback conditions. Speaking rate and disfluency count changes from normal delay to each delayed auditory feedback condition were calculated as indicators of reaction to delayed auditory feedback. Analyses of variance and post hoc comparisons indicated that 5-yr.-olds reacted with greater change in rate at 520-msec. delayed auditory feedback than did older subjects. Five- and 7-yr.-olds were more disfluent at 413- and 520-msec. delayed auditory feedback than were older subjects. Sex differences were found in the 7-, 11-, and 13-yr.-old groups, using speaking rate as a measure of delayed auditory-feedback reaction. No significant sex differences were noted when disfluencies were used as indicators of delayed auditory-feedback reaction.

Aftereffects of Delayed Auditory Feedback

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 817-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Zalosh ◽  
Leonard F. Salzman
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Feedback Condition ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback

This experiment was designed to test whether there are aftereffects on speech to delayed auditory feedback and whether the aftereffects, if any, are a function of the severity of disruption of speech under the feedback condition. Fifty-seven Ss, divided into three equal groups, were exposed to various combinations of delay time and intensity of feedback. Comparisons of pre- and post-sidetone responses revealed no evidence of aftereffects on speech. No relationship to induced severity of speech disruption was found.

Perceptual calibration to delayed auditory feedback of self-body movement

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Koichi Toida ◽  
Kanako Ueno ◽  
Sotaro Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Logistic Function ◽  
Feedback Delay ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Probability Curve ◽  
Delay Detection ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
The Subject

Temporal contingency between self-body movement and its auditory feedback is crucial to perceive external auditory events. The present study examined whether delay detection of self-generated sound is modulated by short-term exposure of delayed auditory feedback. A total of 36 healthy students participated in Experiment 1 (, age 21.4 ± 1.3 years, mean ± SD) and 2 (, age 20.8 ± 1.4 years). In both experiments, the subject pressed a button with their right index finger and judged whether the auditory feedback (full-range pulsed sound) delivered through a headphone was delayed or not, compared to the sensation of the finger movement. Auditory feedback delay was inserted by using a sound effector device (SPX2000, YAMAHA, Japan). The durations of auditory feedback delay were ranged from 118 to 352 ms at 33.3 ms intervals in Experiment 1, and from 19 to 253 ms in Experiment 2. To calculate the point of subjective equality (PSE), where the delay detection rate was 50%, we have fitted a logistic function to the delay detection probability curve for each subject. The results showed that PSEs were 209.0 and 137.5 ms in Experiment 1 and 2, respectively, which were significantly different (, ). This indicates that PSE was modulated by the range of the delay used in the experiment; PSE became longer as the delay lengthened. We suppose that the perceptual delay in auditory feedback of self-body movement is automatically calibrated to the frequently exposed duration between self-body movement and the auditory feedback.

How Does Language Familiarity Influence Stuttering under Delayed Auditory Feedback?

1970 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 655-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald G. Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Familiarity Effect ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Language Familiarity ◽  
Rate Of Speech

The purpose of the experiment was to determine how language familiarity affects stuttering under delayed auditory feedback (DAF). In one condition we compared DAF interference in German-English bilinguals speaking their more and less familiar languages. A language familiarity effect was found: the bilinguals spoke faster and stuttered less under DAF when speaking their more familiar language. This effect was independent of both delay time and language spoken. Moreover, the slower rate in the less familiar language could not explain the language familiarity effect since instructing Ss to slow down their rate of speech decreased rather than increased their stuttering. A second condition showed that the language familiarity effect was not due to paying more attention to feedback in the less familiar language. Rather, practice or experience in producing the motor organization of speech seemed to underlie the effect of language familiarity.

Effects of Pure Tone Synchronous and Delayed Auditory Feedback on Keytapping Performance to a Programmed Visual Stimulus

1966 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 596-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond S. Karlovich ◽  
James T. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Visual Stimulus ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Visual Signal ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Delay Times ◽  
Auditory Signals ◽  
Female Subjects

Thirty-two female subjects tapped on a felt-padded key to a programmed repetitive flashing visual signal under various conditions of pure tone SAF and DAF. Two SLs of sound, 20 dB and 60 dB, and seven conditions of auditory feedback were employed (two SAF and five DAF conditions). Data were obtained concerning the relationships among tapping rates, delay times, and SLs of auditory signals.

Delayed Auditory Feedback with Children

1980 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 802-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald M. Siegel ◽  
Christine A. Fehst ◽  
Sharon R. Garber ◽  
Herbert L. Pick
Keyword(s):  
Delay Interval ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Developmental Pattern ◽  
Current Experiment ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Sentence Repetition ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Age Patterns ◽  
Repetition Task

There is a controversy in the literature concerning the effects of delayed auditory feedback (DAF) on the speech of subjects of varying ages, In the current experiment the subjects were five-year-olds, eight-year-olds and adult speakers who performed a sentence repetition task under: 0-delay, 250, 375, 500, and 625 msec of amplified delayed auditory feedback. All subjects performed the task under normal rate instructions and under instructions to speak as rapidly as possible. A developmental pattern emerged, with the youngest children significantly more affected by the DAF than the older children or the adults. There was only weak evidence for a critical delay interval that varied according to age of the subjects. Rate instructions had essentially no effect on the DAF or age patterns.

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