The senior author has elsewhere argued [8] that foreign
exchange earned by the export of West Pakistan-manufactured goods has a
high domestic cost. Much the same contention has been advanced by Hecox
[7], Islam [9] and MacEwan [11]. In these papers the relationship
between costs and earnings is usually based on fairly abstract
assumptions. The purpose of this note is to reduce the calculations to a
"plain man" level. Specifically, we try to calculate how many rupees of
indigenous resources are expended to earn each extra rupee of foreign
exchange which is received from exporting cotton textiles and leather
goods rather than their primary ingredients, namely raw cotton and hides
and skins i. Since this note was written, the Board of Economic Inquiry,
Lahore, at the request of the West Pakistan Planning and Development
Department, has undertaken a wider study applying the same general
approach used here.
Advances in sustainable enzymatic scouring of cotton textiles: Evaluation of different post-treatments to improve fabric wettability
