Taxonomic and nomenclatural novelties in Leucoagaricus (Agaricaceae) from Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 494 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-58
Author(s):  
CELESTE HEISECKE ◽  
JAIME ANDRÉS DUQUE BARBOSA ◽  
MARIA ALICE NEVES ◽  
ANIBAL ALVES DE CARVALHO JR
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Full Description ◽  
Symbiotic Fungus ◽  
Leaf Cutting ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Leucoagaricus Gongylophorus ◽  
Pileus Surface

Leucoagaricus nzumbae sp. nov. (Agaricaceae) is described based on morphological and molecular data from Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This species is characterized by the delicate small basidiomes that turn completely lilac when dried, brownish color of the pileus surface, and trichodermal elements with intracellular and parietal brown pigments of the pileus covering. A lectotype and an epitype are designated for Leucoagaricus gongylophorus, a symbiotic fungus of leaf-cutting ants. Full description, nomenclatural notes, and illustrations of fresh basidiomes in situ and of the main macro-and micromorphological features of both species are provided.

scholarly journals Cortinarius gueneri: A new species from the Euro-Siberian Floristic Region of Turkey

Karstenia ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Ertugrul Sesli
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Full Description ◽  
Short Discussion ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

<em>Cortinarius gueneri</em> (subgen. <em>Telamonia</em> sect. <em>Laeti</em>) is described as a new species from Turkey based on morphological and molecular data. It can be recognized by the somewhat irregular conical to campanulate, translucent-striate, rusty brown pileus; pale yellowish to cinnamon brown broadly attached lamellae; pale salmon to pinkish brown stipe; narrowly amygdaloid to ellipsoid basidiospores; and its putative association with <em>Carpinus orientalis</em>. Full description of the new species is given with field photos, microscopic illustrations, and a short discussion. Phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region is also provided.

Hygrocybe rubroalba (Hygrophoraceae, Agaricales), a new species of sect. Firmae from Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 226 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Vizzini ◽  
Paolo Picciola ◽  
Eliseo Battistin ◽  
Enrico Ercole
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Pileus Surface ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Pure White

A new Hygrocybe species with dimorphic basidia and spores, H. rubroalba, is described based on morphological and molecular data. Its peculiar features are a dry, bright red to purplish red, not or very slightly depressed pileus surface, and pure white lamellae that are adnate or emarginate rather than decurrent. It is phylogenetically close to H. martinicensis in sect. Firmae.

scholarly journals Taxonomy and Molecular Phylogeny of Two New Species of Prostomatean Ciliates With Establishment of Foissnerophrys gen. n. (Alveolata, Ciliophora)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Limin Jiang ◽  
Wenbao Zhuang ◽  
Hamed A. El-Serehy ◽  
Saleh A. Al-Farraj ◽  
Alan Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sandy Beach ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Prostomatean ciliates play important roles in the flow of material and energy in aquatic microbial food webs, and thus have attracted wide attention for over a century. Their taxonomy and systematics are, however, still poorly understood because of their relatively few taxonomically informative morphological characters. In this study, two new prostomateans, Lagynus binucleatus sp. n. and Foissnerophrys alveolata gen. n., sp. n., collected from a freshwater pool and the intertidal zone of a sandy beach, respectively, in Qingdao, China, are investigated using living observation, protargol staining, and SSU rRNA gene sequencing methods. The genus Lagynus is redefined, and the new species L. binucleatus sp. n. is established based on significant morphological differences with similar forms. Furthermore, a new genus, Foissnerophrys gen. n., is established based on a combination of morphological and molecular data with F. alveaolata sp. n. the type species by monotypy. The identities of intracellular prokaryotes of these two new species are discussed based on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) data and newly obtained 16S rRNA gene sequences.

scholarly journals Isolation and molecular characterization of symbiotic fungus from Acromyrmex ambiguus and Acromyrmex heyeri ants of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1256-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira ◽  
Sônia de Avila Botton ◽  
Maria Isabel de Azevedo ◽  
Danieli Urach Monteiro ◽  
Carla Weiblen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Symbiotic Fungus ◽  
Leaf Cutting ◽  
Total Dna ◽  
Leucoagaricus Gongylophorus ◽  
Relationship Of

Leaf-cutting ants of the genera Atta and Acromyrmex determine serious agricultural problems and live on symbiosis with Leucoagaricus gongylophorus. The aim of this study is to identify morphological and molecularly, as well as to verify the genotypic variability of the symbiotic fungus cultivated by A. heyeri and A. ambiguus from three different regions of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Fungus gardens were collected and fragments of mycelia were grown in selective medium. Total DNA was extracted and amplification of the ITS region was performed by PCR using universal primers. After DNA sequencing, the chromatograms were assembled and phylogenetic analyzes were performed by the Neighbor-Joining method. A total of six isolates of L. gongylophorus were obtained and their identities were confirmed by molecular analyses. Phylogenetic analysis of the ITS region showed a tree with two distinct groups regarding the fungus isolates from A. heiyeri and A. ambiguous. In this study, it was verified that A. heyeri and A. ambiguous, cultivate the same fungus. Additionally, the molecular marker used in this study showed variations in L. gongylophorus, evidencing two distinct branches in the phylogenetic tree, according to the ant species that cultivate L. gongylophorus. However, other studies involving the inclusion of a great number of isolates of L. gongylophorus, as well as the use of other molecular markers to validate the possible variations in the phylogenetic relationship of this symbiotic fungus are required.

scholarly journals A total-evidence approach resolves phylogenetic placement of ‘Cafius’ gigas, a unique recently extinct rove beetle from Lord Howe Island

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arn Rytter Jensen ◽  
Josh Jenkins Shaw ◽  
Dagmara Żyła ◽  
Alexey Solodovnikov
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Total Evidence ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
Lord Howe Island ◽  
Rove Beetle ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Abstract Cafius gigas Lea, 1929 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) was a large rove beetle endemic to Lord Howe Island (LHI) resembling Cafius and the LHI flightless endemic Hesperus dolichoderes (Lea, 1925). Like several other LHI endemics, C. gigas became extinct due to human-introduced rats. It is a legacy species valuable for understanding the LHI biota in terms of evolutionary biology and historical biogeography. Whether C. gigas was a member of Cafius Curtis, 1829, restricted to oceanic shores and prone to trans-oceanic dispersal, or related to H. dolichoderes, would have different implications. We subjected C. gigas to a total-evidence phylogenetic analyses of morphological and molecular data using model-based and parsimony methods. As a result, it is transferred to Hesperus Fauvel, 1874 with the new combination Hesperus gigas (Lea, 1929) comb. nov. Our analysis indicates that the montane leaf litter inhabitant H. gigas evolved neither in situ nor from a seashore Cafius-ancestor, or from an ancestor shared by two other LHI endemic congeners, Hesperus pacificus Olliff, 1887 and H. dolichoderes. It also suggests that all three Hesperus species that currently occur on LHI could have evolved on various seamounts at various times before reaching LHI.

scholarly journals A New Imidazole Alkaloid and Other Constituents from Pilocarpus grandiflorus and their Antifungal Activity

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 787-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rejane C. de Souza ◽  
João B. Fernandes ◽  
Paulo C. Vieira ◽  
M. Fátima das G. F. da Silva ◽  
Marizete F. P. Godoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Vanillic Acid ◽  
Syringic Acid ◽  
Atta Sexdens ◽  
Spectroscopic Evidence ◽  
Symbiotic Fungus ◽  
Atta Sexdens Rubropilosa ◽  
Leaf Cutting ◽  
Leucoagaricus Gongylophorus

The stems of Pilocarpus grandiflorus have afforded the new imidazole alkaloid 4,6-dehydro- 1,2,4,5-tetrahydro-2,5-dioxopilocarpine in addition to the 17 known compounds germanicol, β - amiryn, ocotillone, stigmast-4-en-3-one, 3β -hydroxy-stigmast-5-en-7-one, 6β -hydroxy-stigmast-4- en-3-one, β -sitosterol, scopoletin, 3-(1’,1’-dimethylallyl)-scopoletin, elisin, dictamine, 4-methoxy-2- quinolone, platydesmine, syringaresinol, syringaldehyde, syringic acid and vanillic acid. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence. The phenolic compounds vanillic acid and syringaldehyde and the furoquinoline alkaloid platydesmine exhibited antifungal activity against Leucoagaricus gongylophorus, the symbiotic fungus of leaf-cutting ants (Atta sexdens rubropilosa).

scholarly journals Metabolism of Plant Polysaccharides byLeucoagaricus gongylophorus, the Symbiotic Fungus of the Leaf-Cutting Ant Atta sexdens L

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 4820-4822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Célia Gomes De Siqueira ◽  
Maurício Bacci ◽  
Fernando Carlos Pagnocca ◽  
Odair Correa Bueno ◽  
Maria JoséAparecida Hebling
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Atta Sexdens ◽  
Plant Polysaccharides ◽  
Symbiotic Fungus ◽  
Metabolic Integration ◽  
Leaf Cutting ◽  
Leucoagaricus Gongylophorus ◽  
Cut Leaves ◽  
Ant Fungus

ABSTRACT Atta sexdens L. ants feed on the fungus they cultivate on cut leaves inside their nests. The fungus, Leucoagaricus gongylophorus, metabolizes plant polysaccharides, such as xylan, starch, pectin, and cellulose, mediating assimilation of these compounds by the ants. This metabolic integration may be an important part of the ant-fungus symbiosis, and it involves primarily xylan and starch, both of which support rapid fungal growth. Cellulose seems to be less important for symbiont nutrition, since it is poorly degraded and assimilated by the fungus. Pectin is rapidly degraded but slowly assimilated by L. gongylophorus, and its degradation may occur so that the fungus can more easily access other polysaccharides in the leaves.

Atyid shrimps of the genus Caridina (Decapoda, Caridea, Atyidae) of Taipa-Coloane Island, Macau, China, with description of a new species

Crustaceana ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 94 (9) ◽  
pp. 1103-1119
Author(s):  
Guofeng Zhou ◽  
Wangang Zhang ◽  
Kaichin Wong ◽  
Jianrong Huang
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Full Description ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Interspecific Divergence ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
De Man ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

Abstract In this study, four species of atyid shrimps of the genus Caridina, viz., Caridina cantonensis Yü, 1938, C. breviata N. K. Ng & Cai, 2000, C. gracilipes De Man, 1892 and C. macauensis sp. nov., are documented from Macau, China for the first time. The new species, C. macauensis sp. nov., is identified using morphological and molecular data. According to its morphology, C. macauensis is distinguished from the closely related species C. trifasciata Yam & Cai, 2003, by a shorter rostrum, male second pereiopod and colouration. A diagnosis of the three known species and a full description of C. macauensis sp. nov. are presented. Furthermore, genetic data of C. macauensis sp. nov. derived from the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) support that this species has a sufficient interspecific divergence from its congeners.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document