Taxonomic and morphological revision of butterfly rays of the Gymnura micrura (Bloch & Schneider 1801) species complex, with the description of two new species (Myliobatiformes: Gymnuridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4332 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEANDRO YOKOTA ◽  
MARCELO RODRIGUES DE CARVALHO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
The Other ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Line System ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Two New Species

An extensive taxonomic revision of Gymnura micrura based on external and internal morphology, and considering specimens from its entire geographical distribution in the Atlantic Ocean, is presented. Gymnura micrura is redescribed and a neotype is designated; its distributional range is limited to the Southwestern Atlantic. Two new species of butterfly rays are described: Gymnura lessae, sp. nov., occurring in the North and Central Western Atlantic, and Gymnura sereti, sp. nov., found in the Eastern Central Atlantic. The three species are morphologically very similar (with G. micrura most similar to G. lessae, sp. nov.) and cannot be distinguished based on the primary diagnostic characters typically utilized for butterfly rays. The dorsal color, smaller size and eventual presence of a dorsal fin in some males may be helpful to distinguish G. micrura, whereas the size and morphology of the clasper are the main external characters separating G. sereti, sp. nov., from the other two species, although the shape of disc (especially among adult males) and contour of the lower lip are also helpful. Despite the skeleton being conservative among the species, we found consistent variations that support the validity of the new species described. Due to similarity in external morphology these internal characters were fundamental to discriminate the new species. The scapulocoracoid was an important diagnostic skeletal structure, exhibiting a series of variations that separated the three species. Variations in the synarcual, outline of the dorsal cranial fontanelle, number and shape of mesopterygia, and small differences in the mandibular arches and pelvic girdle were useful to diagnose G. sereti, sp. nov. The contour of the hyomandibula was an important diagnostic character distinguishing G. lessae, sp. nov., from the other two species. Meristic data were also useful, with G. sereti, sp. nov., presenting a lower number of radials in the second element of the mesopterygium and a higher number of diplospondylous vertebrae. In contrast, G. lessae, sp. nov., presented a higher number of pectoral-fin radials. Subtle, but consistent differences, were also found in the design of the ventral lateral-line system. A Canonical Discriminant Analysis provides strong statistical support for the validity of the new species, significantly distinguishing the three species groupings (p < 0.00001). External morphology, ventral lateral-line system and skeleton are described and illustrated for all three valid species. 

A review of the Nemacheilinae genus Oreonectes Gunther with descriptions of two new species (Teleostei: Balitoridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1729 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
LI-NA DU ◽  
XIAO-YONG CHEN ◽  
JUN-XING YANG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Genital Papilla ◽  
Line System ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Two New Species

The loach genus Oreonectes is reviewed in this study. Six valid species are recognized, including two new species. Oreonectes polystigmus sp. nov., and Oreonectes microphthalmus sp. nov. are described from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Among its congeners, O. polystigmus is most similar to O. platycephalus in morphology. It can be distinguished from all its congeners by an incomplete lateral line with 6–8 pores; a cephalic lateral-line system with 7 supraorbital and 4+7 infraorbital pores; sexual dimorphism (males have a genital papilla located immediately posterior of the anus, and the gonad is opened at the end of a fleshy prominence); and a body with many differently shaped spots. Oreonectes microphthalmus is most similar to O. furcocaudalis in morphology. It can be distinguished from all congeners by its degenerate eyes, which only have black pigment; a cephalic lateral-line system with 2+2 supratemporal, 7 supraorbital, 3+0 infraorbital and 8 preoperculomandibular pores; and an incomplete lateral line with 3 pores. A key to all valid Oreonectes species is provided. The validity of some related species is discussed. Nemacheilus liboensis, Oreonectes liboensis and Oreonectes translucens are all proved to be synonyms of Paracobitis longibarbatus, and Paracobitis longibarbatus is actually a species of Triplophysa.

Three new species of copepods (Copepoda: Calanoida and Cyclopoida) from anchialine habitats in Indonesia

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3150 (1) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
GEOFF A. BOXSHALL ◽  
DAMIÀ JAUME
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The Other ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
The Village ◽  
A New Species

Three new species of copepod crustaceans are described from material collected from anchialine and brackish habitats inand around the village of Walengkabola on the coast of Muna Island, to the southeast of Sulawesi. A new species of cy-clopoid, Paracyclopina sacklerae n. sp., was described from material collected from the tidal inflow entering into the bot-tom of sinkholes a few metres inland from the shoreline. Detailed comparisons are made with Paracyclopina orientalis(Lindberg, 1941), n. comb., a closely related congener here transferred from its original genus Cyclopetta Sars, 1913. Theassignment of Paracyclopina Smirnov, 1935 to the family Cyclopettidae is followed here despite uncertainty over the va-lidity of some of the families created by the break up of the former Cyclopinidae. Two new species of Boholina Fosshagen& Iliffe, 1989 are described, based on material from the same sinkholes and from caves located up to 700m inland fromthe coast and exhibiting further reduced salinity down to 1.8 ppt. One species, B. parapurgata n. sp., is very closely relatedto B. purgata Fosshagen & Iliffe, 1989 from Bohol island in the Philippines, the other B. munaensis n. sp., is very closelyrelated to B. crassicephala Fosshagen & Iliffe, 1989 also from Bohol island, but a number of fine scale differences in the leg 5 of both sexes are recognised in each case. Keys to valid species of both genera are provided.

Two new Auletta Schmidt, 1870 (Axinellidae; Demospongiae; Porifera) from Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4273 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
THAYNÃ CAVALCANTI ◽  
RADHARANNE RECINOS ◽  
ULISSES PINHEIRO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
The Other ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Tubular Shape ◽  
Cavernous Body

The genus Auletta Schmidt, 1970 comprises 14 valid species, with six known from the Atlantic Ocean. The genus was previously recorded for the Brazilian coast only in 1967 from surveys in Pernambuco State. The present paper describes two new Auletta from Northeastern Brazil. Auletta akaroa sp. nov. is from Alagoas State and it has a stalked tubular shape and small sinuous styles and strongyles. Auletta laboreli sp. nov. was found in Pernambuco State and it is a sponge with a cylindrical and cavernous body composed of styles with blunt and telescopic tips and sinuous strongyles. Both new species were compared with the other valid species of Auletta. The spicule complement and external morphology of the new species are discussed. 

Schistura larketensis, a new cavernicolous fish (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae) from Meghalaya, Northeast India

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4353 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
HRISHIKESH CHOUDHURY ◽  
D. KHLUR B. MUKHIM ◽  
SUDEM BASUMATARY ◽  
DEISAKEE P. WARBAH ◽  
DANDADHAR SARMA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Brahmaputra River ◽  
Line System ◽  
Limestone Cave ◽  
A New Species

Schistura larketensis, a new species of cavernicolous loach, is described from Khung, a limestone cave in Meghalaya, India. The species differs from Schistura papulifera, its only troglomorphic congener from northeast India, in having a smooth ventral surface of the head, the presence of a small cylindrical axillary pelvic lobe, and the presence of three pores in the supratemporal canal of the cephalic lateral-line system. Apart from these differences, the species can be immediately distinguished from all other species of Schistura from the Brahmaputra River and neighboring basins by the complete absence (or only vestigial presence) of eyes. 

A new species of Microglanis (Siluriformes, Pseudopimelodidae) from lower Rio Tocantins basin, Pará, Brazil, with description of superficial neuromasts and pores of lateral line system

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2632 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM BENEDITO GOTTO RUIZ ◽  
OSCAR AKIO SHIBATTA
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Caudal Peduncle ◽  
Line System ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Predorsal Distance

Microglanis robustus, new species, is the first Microglanis to be described from the Rio Tocantins basin, Pará, Brazil, and differs from the congeners by the presence of a cordiform blotch in the nape, instead of a transverse light stripe; neuromasts of the superficial lines surrounded by melanophores; robust body with short snout, head and predorsal distance; and deep caudal peduncle. The mapping of superficial neuromasts and cephalic sensory canals evidenced intra and interespecific polymorphisms and, therefore, of little value for phylogenetic analysis within the genus.

scholarly journals Description of two new species of sea bass (Teleostei: Latidae: Lates) from Myanmar and Sri Lanka

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3314 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROHAN PETHIYAGODA ◽  
ANTHONY C. GILL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Body Depth ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Transverse Line ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Eye Diameter

Two new species of Lates Cuvier are described. Lates lakdiva, new species, from western Sri Lanka, differs from its Indo-Pacific congeners by its lesser body depth, 26.6‒27.6% SL; 5 rows of scales in transverse line between base of third dorsal-fin spine and lateral line; 31‒34 serrae on the posterior edge of the preoperculum; third anal-fin spine longer than second;47‒52 lateral-line scales on body; and greatest depth of maxilla less than eye diameter. Lates uwisara, new species, fromeastern Myanmar, is distinguished by possessing 7 scales in transverse line between base of third dorsal-fin spine and lat-eral line; eye diameter 4.4‒4.7% SL; body depth 28.4‒34.5% SL; and third anal-fin spine shorter than the second. Despitesubstantial genetic variation, L. calcarifer sensu lato is widely distributed, from tropical Australia through Indonesia, Sin-gapore and Thailand, westwards to at least the west coast of India. Caution is urged in translocating Lates in the Indo-Pacific region as other yet unrecognized species likely exist. The status of the type specimens of L. calcarifer is discussed,and a common lectotype designated for L. heptadactylus and L. nobilis. While Lates vacti (type locality Bengal) may bea valid species, L. cavifrons and L. darwiniensis are considered synonyms of L. calcarifer. Plectopomus Goldfuss and Ptertopomus Goldfuss are shown to be incorrect subsequent spellings of Plectropomus Oken.

Schistura papulifera, a new species of cave loach from Meghalaya, India (Teleostei: Balitoridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1393 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAURICE KOTTELAT ◽  
DANIEL R. HARRIES ◽  
GRAHAM S. PROUDLOVE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Lower Half ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Line System ◽  
A New Species

Schistura papulifera, new species, is described from a cave of the Synrang Pamiang system, Meghalaya State, India. It is distinguished from all other known species of Schistura in having the lower half of the head covered by small skin projections and 5 pores in the supratemporal canal of the cephalic lateral-line system. In addition, it has a white body and vestigial eyes. The closest epigean relative of S. papulifera has not yet been identified due to the lack of survey and usable data. The identity of the cave nemacheiline from Siju Cave is briefly discussed, but this remains inconclusive, again due to the lack of material and usable data.

A review of the marine and brackish-water species of Testudinella (Rotifera: Monogononta, Testudinellidae), with the description of two new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2092 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLEM H. DE SMET
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Anterior Margin ◽  
The Other ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Ventral Margin ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Brackish Water Species ◽  
Water Species

Two new morphospecies of the rotifer genus Testudinella (Rotifera, Monogononta, Testudinellidae), T. bicorniculata sp. nov. and T. elongata sp. nov., are described from marine psammon collected in the Mediterranean. T. bicorniculata sp. nov. is characterized by two antero-lateral lorica projections; dorsal and ventral anterior margins undulate with shallow median sinus; foot opening sub-terminal, inverted U-shaped; distal foot pseudosegment short; fulcrum with proximal opening. T. elongata sp. nov. is characterized by its strongly elongate and striate lorica; dorsal anterior margin tri-lobed; ventral margin projecting, almost straight; foot opening sub-terminal, inverted U-shaped; distal foot pseudosegment long; fulcrum with proximal opening. The new species are related to T. obscura Althaus, 1957, which is redescribed. Brief descriptions of the external morphology and trophi, as well as biogeographical information are provided for the other Testudinella species reported from marine and brackish environments. T. pseudoclypeata Bērziņš, 1943 is synonymized with T. elliptica (Ehrenberg, 1834).

Schistura papulifera, a new species of cave loach from Meghalaya, India (Teleostei: Balitoridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1393 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAURICE KOTTELAT ◽  
DANIEL R. HARRIES ◽  
GRAHAM S. PROUDLOVE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Lower Half ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Line System ◽  
A New Species

Schistura papulifera, new species, is described from a cave of the Synrang Pamiang system, Meghalaya State, India. It is distinguished from all other known species of Schistura in having the lower half of the head covered by small skin projections and 5 pores in the supratemporal canal of the cephalic lateral-line system. In addition, it has a white body and vestigial eyes. The closest epigean relative of S. papulifera has not yet been identified due to the lack of survey and usable data. The identity of the cave nemacheiline from Siju Cave is briefly discussed, but this remains inconclusive, again due to the lack of material and usable data.

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