Validation of Discolopeus Stiller, 2019 and corrections to figures

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4585 (1) ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL STILLER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Original Publication

Stiller (2019) described a new leafhopper genus, Discolopeus, with nine new species, but the original publication did not satisfy the criteria for availability for the proposed new taxa because repositories were not indicated for primary types as required by Article 16.4.2 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999). The previously published (Stiller 2019) names are validated below and additional errors and omissions in the original figures are corrected. 

Comments on the holotype of Alburnus kurui Mangit & Yerli 2018 and re-description of A. carianorum Freyhof, Kaya, Bayçelebi, Geiger & Turan, 2019 (Teleostei: Leuciscidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4550 (4) ◽  
pp. 594
Author(s):  
JÖRG FREYHOF ◽  
CÜNEYT KAYA ◽  
ESRA BAYÇELEBİ ◽  
MATTHIAS GEIGER ◽  
DAVUT TURAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Original Publication ◽  
A New Species

Article 16.4. of the International Code for Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN, 1999) requires that the fixation of name-bearing types for a new species to be explicit: “Every new specific and subspecific name published after 1999, except a new replacement name…, must be accompanied in the original publication 16.4.1. by the explicit fixation of a holotype,…..and 16.4.2. where the holotype or syntypes are extant specimens, by a statement of intent that they will be (or are) deposited in a collection and a statement indicating the name and location of that collection.” That means that for species described after 1999, the holotype must be finally deposited in a collection and it is obligatory to indicate the name of the collection and where it is located. 

The correct authorship of the amphipod genus-group name Quasimodia (Senticaudata: Hyaloidea: Phliantidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4671 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-450
Author(s):  
TAKAFUMI NAKANO ◽  
JAMES K. LOWRY
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
International Code ◽  
Original Publication

The genus Quasimodia Sheard, 1936 belongs to the hyaloidean family Phliantidae, and contains four species inhabiting littoral and sublittoral habitats in Australia (J.L. Barnard 1972; Lowry & Stoddart 2003; Horton et al. 2018; Lowry & Myers 2019). This genus-group name was originally erected for three nominal species—Q. barnardi Sheard, 1936, Q. capricornis Sheard, 1936, and Q. womersleyi Sheard, 1936 (see Sheard 1936), but its type species was not fixed in the original publication. As such the name Quasimodia Sheard, 1936 is not available for nomenclatural purposes (Article 13.3 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature [hereafter Code], International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999). Later, J.L. Barnard (1969) selected Q. womersleyi as the type species for this genus-group name, but his action does not validate Quasimodia Sheard, 1936, which remains unavailable, under Article 69 of the Code. J.L. Barnard (1972) again incorrectly considered Quasimodia Sheard, 1936 as an available name. 

New species and subspecies descriptions do not and should not always require a dead type specimen

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1761 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS M. DONEGAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
Current Code

Dubois & Nemésio (2007) recently considered that the present International Code for Zoological Nomenclature (“Code”) could reasonably be interpreted as requiring the deposition of dead vouchers for new species and subspecies descriptions. They considered that, to the extent that there is lack of clarity, the Code should be amended so as to require the deposition of a dead voucher. They doubted the utility of photographs and other materials for descriptions and suggested that ethical or moral concerns about the taking of dead type specimens were poorly supported. Dubois & Nemésio (2007)’s preferred interpretations of the current Code are not supported by members of the Commission. Possible reasons why the collection of a dead type specimen might not be necessary or recommended include the setting of a good example to communities in whose hands conservation action lies, government permit issues and the description of new taxa on the brink of extinction where collecting may impact populations. The Code should be liberal in relation to the nature of type specimens to enable taxonomists, who are the persons best placed to take decisions, to make appropriate judgments for particular descriptions.

What lies beneath the controversy as to the necessity of physical types for describing new species?

Bionomina ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
MARCOS ANDRÉ RAPOSO ◽  
GUY M. KIRWAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural World ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
International Code ◽  
Loss Of Control ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Issues

We discuss the philosophical tenets underpinning the current debate among taxonomists as to the need for a physical holotype in support of new species, or whether, as some scientists argue, photographs should be considered equally acceptable. At present, the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature does not stipulate that the deposition of a physical specimen is required, but many taxonomists have recently called on the Commissioners of the International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature to modify the text of the Code on these issues in its forthcoming, fifth edition. We discuss considerations that motivate both sides in this argument, all of which pertain to philosophical and historical issues: (1) misconceptions about science; (2) a fear of the loss of control over zoological nomenclature; and (3) the difficulty inherent in making the system developed by Linnaeus for a natural world originally perceived as static, compatible with the constantly shifting one outlined by Darwin and Wallace. In conclusion we argue that the best means to understand the question is rooted in a broader comprehension of the history of taxonomy and the kind of science it represents.

A note on the nomenclature of Stylodactylus gracilis Cleva, 2008 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Stylodactylidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1853 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
RÉGIS CLEVA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Nomen Nudum ◽  
Original Publication ◽  
A New Species

Article 16.4.2 of the International Code for Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999) states that for a new species name published after 1999 to be regarded as available, it must be accompanied in the original publication “where the holotype or syntypes are extant specimens, by a statement of intent that they will be (or are) deposited in a collection and a statement indicating the name and location of that collection”. In the recent paper by Cleva (2008) treating several species of stylodactylid and bathypalaemonellid shrimps from the Philippines, a new species, Stylodactylus gracilis Cleva, 2008, was described. Although it was mentioned in the introduction that the material from this study will be deposited in three museums in the Philippines, Taiwan and France, the precise depository for the holotype of Stylodactylus gracilis Cleva, 2008, was inadvertently omitted (Cleva 2008: 32, figs. 1, 3A). This unfortunate lapsus makes the name Stylodactylus gracilis Cleva, 2008, a nomen nudum.

Lists of European species of amphibians and reptiles: will we soon be reaching "stability"?

1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Dubois
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Basic Rule ◽  
International Code ◽  
European Species ◽  
Taxonomic Research ◽  
New Research ◽  
Name Changes

AbstractZoologists at the end of our century are faced with a strong demand from "society" for "final and definitive" lists of taxon names: such lists are requested in particular by administrations and users of "official lists" of species. This has entailed, even among some professional taxonomists, a strong movement in favour of artificial stability of taxon names and of a replacement of the basic rule of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, the rule of priority, by a so-called "rule of common usage". The aim of this paper is to show, taking the example of European anuran amphibians, that this way of posing the question is wrong. The major factor of change in taxon names in zoology is taxonomic research, not nomenclatural grooming. Contrary to what is often believed, even in "well-known" regions like Europe, numerous new species have recently been discovered, in part through the use of new research techniques (electrophoresis, bioacoustics, etc.), but also as a result of better exploration of natural populations: the misleading idea that "the European fauna is well known" has acted as a brake against recognition of new taxa when these were discovered in the field. Name changes due to the mere application of nomenclatural rules are much less numerous than those due to the progress of taxonomic research, and they would be even much less common if zoologists and editors paid more attention to the international rules of nomenclature. We are still far from reaching the "holy grail" of "final lists" of animal faunae, even in Europe, and, rather than trying to comply with this request from "society", zoologists should explain why this goal will not be reached soon, and that the only way to accelerate the movement towards it would be the creation of numerous positions of professional zoologists and the increase of funds afforded to basic zoological research in Europe.

The ICZN amendment of Articles 8, 9, 10, 21 and 78 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-327
Keyword(s):  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Electronic Publications

Following four years of highly charged debate the rules for publication of scientific names of animals have been changed to allow electronic publications to meet the requirements of the stringent International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. In a landmark decision, the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) has passed an amendment to its rules that will accept an electronic-only publication as ‘legitimate’ if it meets criteria of archiving and the publication is registered on the ICZN’s official online registry, ZooBank. A brief discussion of the amendment is available from: Zootaxa : http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/list/2012/3450.html Zookeys: http://www.pensoft.net/journals/zookeys/article/3944/

On the availability of the name Poecilia kempkesi Poeser 2013 (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4927 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-296
Author(s):  
PEDRO H. N. BRAGANÇA ◽  
FELIPE P. OTTONI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Poecilia Reticulata ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Fourth Species

The poeciliid species, Poecilia kempkesi Poeser, 2013, was the fourth species of the subgenus Acanthophacelus Eigenmann, 1907 to be described, based on individuals from a single urban anthropized locality close to Paramaribo, Suriname (Poeser, 2013). The description itself lacked any section clearly distinguishing the new species from the remaining species of Poecilia Bloch & Schneider 1801, and in particular from the species of the subgenus Acanthophacelus, type species Poecilia reticulata Peters, 1859. According to Article 13 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN, 1999) the criteria of availability for a species-group name are: 

scholarly journals One name to rule them all: Belinurus trilobitoides (Buckland, ) is senior synonym to fourteen named species

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Lamsdell
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Senior Synonym ◽  
Horseshoe Crabs ◽  
The Subject

One of the oldest fossil horseshoe crabs figured in the literature is Entomolithus lunatus Martin, 1809, a Carboniferous species included in his Petrificata Derbiensia. While the species has generally been included within the genus Belinurus Bronn, 1839, it was recently used as the type species of the new genus Parabelinurus Lamsdell, 2020. However, recent investigation as to the appropriate authority for Belinurus (see Lamsdell and Clapham, 2021) revealed that all the names in Petrificata Derbiensia were suppressed in Opinion 231 of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (1954) for being consistently nonbinomial under Article 11.4 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1999). Despite the validation of several species names for anthozoans, brachiopods, and cephalopods described in Petrificata Derbiensia in subsequent rulings (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1956a, b), Belinurus lunatus has not been the subject of any subsequent Commission ruling or opinion, and so its use in Petrificata Derbiensia remains suppressed. The Belinurus lunatus species name was used in several subsequent publications during the 1800s, none of which made the name available under ICZN article 11.5; Parkinson (1811) is also suppressed for being nonbinomial, while Woodward (1830), Buckland (1837), Bronn (1839), and Baily (1859) refer to the species only as a synonym of Belinurus trilobitoides (Buckland, 1837) through citation to the suppressed Pretificata Derbiensia. The first author to make Belinurus lunatus an available name was Baldwin (1905), who used the name in reference to a new figured specimen from Sparth Bottoms, Rochdale, UK, but again as an explicit junior synonym of Belinurus trilobitoides (Buckland, 1837). Therefore, it was not until Eller (1938) treated B. lunatus as a distinct species from B. trilobitoides that B. lunatus became an available name as per ICZN Article 11.6.1 under the authorship of Baldwin (1905) following ICZN Article 50.7.

New synonymy for a species of mealybug in the genus Pseudococcus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) that occurs on fruit trees in Chile

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3230 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
ROBERTO H. GONZÁLEZ ◽  
ERNESTO PRADO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Exact Date ◽  
And Control ◽  
New Synonymy

In July of 2011, we each became aware that we were studying the same Chilean mealybug species.  The research by González (2011) emphasized the biology, economic importance, and control of the species on fruit, and described it as the new species Pseudococcus rubigena González.  The research by Prado in Correa et al. (2011) provided a detailed description using molecular and morphological data and described the new species as P. meridionalis Prado.  Based on the Principle of Priority (Article 23) in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (1999), one of these names must have precedence.  Unfortunately, both papers were published at approximately the same time.  The date of publication of the Correa et al. paper is clearly marked as June 22, 2011.  The exact date of publication of the González book was not clear because it did not give a specific date, only 2011.  To establish the exact date, a certificate of publication was requested from the publisher (Imprenta Italiana Ltda.) by González.  In a letter dated November 23, 2011, Nelson Cannoni  M.,  Gerente General,  Impreta  Italiana  indicated “ULTIMO DESPACHO DE EJEMPLARES: 30 de junio de 2011.” This is considered the date of publication for the name P. rubigena which was predated by P. meridionalis by just nine days.  Therefore the following synonymy is proposed.

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