scholarly journals Physiochemical and Phase Behaviour Study of Jatropha curcus Oil - Ethanol Microemulsion Fuels Using Sorbitane Fatty Esters

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Patidar
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behaviour ◽  
Fatty Esters ◽  
Behaviour Study

scholarly journals Phase Behaviour Study of Pitaya Seed Oil: Jojoba Oil with Non-Ionic Surfactants in Emulsion System

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 3452-3456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Salwa Abd Gani ◽  
Norsuhaili Kamairudin ◽  
Rawaida Liyana Razalli ◽  
Mahiran Basri
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Phase Behaviour ◽  
Ionic Surfactants ◽  
Jojoba Oil ◽  
Emulsion System ◽  
Behaviour Study

Green enhanced oil recovery (GEOR)

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashirul Haq ◽  
Jishan Liu ◽  
Keyu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Phase Behaviour ◽  
Chemical System ◽  
Core Flooding ◽  
Surfactant Mixtures ◽  
Middle Phase ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Micro Emulsion ◽  
Behaviour Study

Green enhanced oil recovery (GEOR) is a chemical enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method involving the injection of specific green chemicals (surfactants/alcohols/polymers) that effectively displace oil because of their phase-behaviour properties, which decrease the interfacial tension (IFT) between the displacing liquid and the oil. In this process, the primary displacing liquid slug is a complex chemical system called a micellar solution, containing green surfactants, co-surfactants, oil, electrolytes and water. The surfactant slug is relatively small, typically 10% pore volume (PV). It may be followed by a mobility buffer such as polymer. The total volume of the polymer solution is typically ~1 PV. This study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of the combination of microbial by-products Bacillus subtilise strain JF-2 bio-surfactant and alcohol in recovering residual oil. It also considered whether bio-surfactant capability could be improved by blending it with non-ionic green surfactant. The study consisted of a phase behaviour study, IFT measurement and core-flooding experiments. In the phase behaviour study, it was found that 0.5% alkyl polyglycosides (APG) and 0.5–1.00% of butanol at 2% NaCl gave stable middle phase micro-emulsion. Non-ionic (APG 264) and anionic (bio-surfactant) mixtures are able to form stable middle phase micro-emulsion. Based on IFT reduction, two low concentrations (40 and 60 mg/l) of JF-2 bio-surfactant were identified where IFT values were low. The bio-surfactant and butanol formulation produced a total ~39.3% of oil initially in place (OIIP).

Phase behaviour study of chalcone in dense CO2

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V.M. Nunes ◽  
A.R. Sampaio de Sousa ◽  
M. Nunes da Ponte ◽  
C.M.M. Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behaviour ◽  
Behaviour Study

CO2 storage in fractured nanopores underground: Phase behaviour study

2019 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 911-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiqiang Zhang ◽  
Na Jia ◽  
Lirong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Phase Behaviour ◽  
Behaviour Study

Design of a micro glass cell apparatus for pure gas-nonvolatile liquid phase behaviour study

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hooman Foroughi ◽  
Edgar J. Acosta ◽  
Masahiro Kawaji
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Phase Behaviour ◽  
Glass Cell ◽  
Behaviour Study

Observations of Frozen-Hydrated Microtubules

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 504-505
Author(s):  
D. Chrétien ◽  
D. Job ◽  
R.H. Wade
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transforms ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Image Contrast ◽  
Phase Behaviour ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Surface Lattice ◽  
Cilia And Flagella ◽  
Outstanding Question

Microtubules are filamentary structures found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, where, together with actin and intermediate filaments, they form the components of the cytoskeleton. They have many functions and show various levels of structural complexity as witnessed by the singlet, doublet and triplet structures involved in the architecture of centrioles, basal bodies, cilia and flagella. The accepted microtubule model consists of a 25 nm diameter hollow tube with a wall made up of 13 paraxial protofilaments (pf). Each pf is a string of aligned tubulin dimers. Some results have suggested that the pfs follow a superhelix. To understand how microtubules function in the cell an accurate model of the surface lattice is one of the requirements. For example the 9x2 architecture of the axoneme will depend on the organisation of its component microtubules. We should also note that microtubules with different numbers of pfs have been observed in thin sections of cellular and of in-vitro material. An outstanding question is how does the surface lattice adjust to these different pf numbers?We have been using cryo-electron microscopy of frozen-hydrated samples to study in-vitro assembled microtubules. The experimental conditions are described in detail in this reference. The results obtained in conjunction with thin sections of similar specimens and with axoneme outer doublet fragments have already allowed us to characterise the image contrast of 13, 14 and 15 pf microtubules on the basis of the measured image widths, of the the image contrast symmetry and of the amplitude and phase behaviour along the equator in the computed Fourier transforms. The contrast variations along individual microtubule images can be interpreted in terms of the geometry of the microtubule surface lattice. We can extend these results and make some reasonable predictions about the probable surface lattices in the case of other pf numbers, see Table 1. Figure 1 shows observed images with which these predictions can be compared.

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