The Fate of Polyol-Made ZnO and CdS Nanoparticles in Seine River Water (Paris, France)

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 3900-3908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Da Rocha ◽  
Yann Sivry ◽  
Alexandre Gelabert ◽  
Zyed Beji ◽  
Marc F. Benedetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Cds Nanoparticles ◽  
Seine River

scholarly journals Ecotoxicological Studies of ZnO and CdS Nanoparticles on Chlorella vulgaris Photosynthetic Microorganism in Seine River Water

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice da Rocha ◽  
Nicolas Menguy ◽  
Claude Yéprémian ◽  
Alain Couté ◽  
Roberta Brayner
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Cds Nanoparticles ◽  
Seine River ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Atp Assay ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Activity Measurements ◽  
Biological Target ◽  
Photosynthetic Microorganism

Seine river water was used as natural environmental medium to study the ecotoxicological impact of ZnO and CdS nanoparticles and Zn2+ and Cd2+ free ions using Chlorella vulgaris as a biological target. It was demonstrated by viability tests and photosynthetic activity measurements that free Zn2+ (IC50 = 2.7 × 10−4 M) is less toxic than free Cd2+ and ZnO nanoparticles (IC50 = 1.4 × 10−4 M). In the case of cadmium species, free Cd2+ (IC50 = 3.5 × 10−5 M) was similar to CdS nanoparticles (CdS-1: IC50 = 1.9 × 10−5 M and CdS-2: IC50 = 1.9 × 10−5 M), as follows: CdS > Cd2+ > ZnO > Zn2+. Adenosine-5’-triphosphate (ATP) assay and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymatic activity confirmed these results. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), confirmed the internalization of CdS-1 nanoparticles after 48 h of contact with Chlorella vulgaris at 10−3 M. With a higher concentration of nanoparticles (10−2 M), ZnO and CdS-2 were also localized inside cells.

Silicon Substitution for Calcium in the Shell of the Fingernail Clam, Musculium Transversum Studied By X-Ray Analysis

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 560-561
Author(s):  
Judith A. Murphy ◽  
Anthony Paparo ◽  
Richard Sparks
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
River Water ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Shell Formation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Molluscan Shell ◽  
Fingernail Clams

Fingernail clams (Muscu1ium transversum) are dominant bottom-dwelling animals in some waters of the midwest U.S. These organisms are key links in food chains leading from nutrients in water and mud to fish and ducks which are utilized by man. In the mid-1950’s, fingernail clams disappeared from a 100-mile section of the Illinois R., a tributary of the Mississippi R. Some factor(s) in the river and/or sediment currently prevent clams from recolonizing areas where they were formerly abundant. Recently, clams developed shell deformities and died without reproducing. The greatest mortality and highest incidence of shell deformities appeared in test chambers containing the highest proportion of river water to well water. The molluscan shell consists of CaCO3, and the tissue concerned in its secretion is the mantle. The source of the carbonate is probably from metabolic CO2 and the maintenance of ionized Ca concentration in the mantle is controlled by carbonic anhydrase. The Ca is stored in extracellular concentric spherical granules(0.6-5.5μm) which represent a large amount of inertCa in the mantle. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the role of raw river water and well water on shell formation in the fingernail clam.

The Study on Phytoplankton Diversity from Godavari River Water

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 119-121
Author(s):  
I. B. Ghorade I. B. Ghorade ◽  
◽  
Thakur V. R Thakur V. R ◽  
S.S. Patil S.S. Patil
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Phytoplankton Diversity ◽  
Godavari River

Drinking water quality and protection of resources

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
J. Fettig
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Water ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Public Water Supply ◽  
Legal Requirements ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Water Lake ◽  
Treatment Step

Abstract The structure of public water supply in Germany and the water resources used are briefly described. An overview over the legal requirements for drinking water is given, and the sources for contaminants are outlined. Then the multiple-barrier approach is discussed with respect to the resources groundwater and spring water, lake and reservoir water, and river water. Examples for treatment schemes are given and the principle of subsurface transport of river water as a first treatment step is described.

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