scholarly journals Contrasting effects of exogenous cueing on saccades and reaches

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Anton Malienko ◽  
Vanessa Harrar ◽  
Aarlenne Z. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Exogenous Cueing

Signals for threat modulate attentional capture and holding: Fear-conditioning and extinction during the exogenous cueing task

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 771-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernst Koster ◽  
Geert Crombez ◽  
Stefaan Van Damme ◽  
Bruno Verschuere ◽  
Jan De Houwer
Keyword(s):  
Fear Conditioning ◽  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Exogenous Cueing ◽  
Cueing Task

The early attentional pancake: Lack of selection in depth for rapid exogenous cueing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Edward O'Donnell ◽  
Kyrie Murawski ◽  
Ella Herrmann ◽  
Jesse Wisch ◽  
Garrett D. Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Binocular Disparity ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Exogenous Attention ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Exogenous Cueing ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Depth Cueing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Attentional Selectivity

There have been conflicting findings on the degree to which exogenous/reflexive visual attention is selective for depth, and this issue has important implications for attention models. Previous findings have attempted to find depth-based cueing effects on such attention using reaction time measures for stimuli presented in stereo goggles with a display screen. Results stemming from such approaches have been mixed, depending on whether target/distractor discrimination was required. To help clarify the existence of such depth effects, we have developed a paradigm that measures accuracy rather than reaction time in an immersive virtual-reality environment, providing a more appropriate context of depth. Four modified Posner Cueing paradigms were run to test for depth-specific attentional selectivity. Participants fixated a cross while attempting to identify a rapidly masked letter that was preceded by a cue that could be valid in depth and side, depth only, or side only. In Experiment 1, a potent cueing effect was found for side validity and a weak effect was found for depth. Experiment 2 controlled for differences in cue and target sizes when presented at different depths, which caused the depth validity effect to disappear entirely even though participants were explicitly asked to report depth and the difference in virtual depth was extreme (20 vs 300 meters). Experiments 3a and 3b brought the front depth plane even closer (1 m) to maximize effects of binocular disparity, but no reliable depth cueing validity was observed. Thus, it seems that rapid/exogenous attention pancakes 3-dimensional space into a 2-dimensional reference frame.

scholarly journals Attentional biases in depression: Relation to disorder severity, rumination, and anhedonia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Krings ◽  
Alexandre Heeren ◽  
Philippe Fontaine ◽  
Sylvie Blairy
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Attentional Biases ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Exogenous Cueing ◽  
Clinically Depressed ◽  
The One

Introduction: According to cognitive models of depression, selective attentional biases (ABs) for mood-congruent information are core vulnerability factors of depression maintenance. However, findings concerning the presence of these biases in depression are mixed. This study aims to clarify the presence of these ABs among individuals with clinical and subclinical depression. Method: We compared three groups based on a semi-structured diagnostic interview and a depressive symptoms scale (BDI-II): 34 individuals with major depressive disorder (clinically depressed); 35 with a dysphoric mood but without the criteria of major depressive disorder (i.e., subclinically depressed), and 26 never been depressed individuals. We examined AB for sad and happy materials in three modified versions of the exogenous cueing task using scenes, facial expressions, and words. Brooding, anhedonia, and anxiety were also evaluated. Results: In contrast to our hypotheses, there were no ABs for negative or positive information, regardless of the task and the groups. Neither the association between AB toward negative information and brooding nor the one between AB away from positive stimuli and anhedonia was significant. Bayes factors analyses revealed that the present pattern of findings does not result from a lack of statistical power.Discussion: Our results raise questions about how common AB is in depression. From a theoretical point of view, because individuals with depression did not exhibit AB, our results also seemingly challenge the claim that AB figures prominently in the maintenance of depression. We believe the present null results to be particularly useful for future meta-research in the field.

Exogenous Cueing Task

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernst H. W. Koster ◽  
Rudi De Raedt ◽  
Ellen Goeleven ◽  
Erik Franck ◽  
Geert Crombez
Keyword(s):  
Exogenous Cueing ◽  
Cueing Task

Facilitated attentional disengagement from hair-related cues among individuals diagnosed with trichotillomania: An investigation based on the exogenous cueing paradigm

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Joo Lee ◽  
Shana A. Franklin ◽  
Jennifer E. Turkel ◽  
Amy R. Goetz ◽  
Douglas W. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Disengagement ◽  
Exogenous Cueing

Reliability and magnitude of laterality effects in dichotic listening with exogenous cueing

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Voyer
Keyword(s):  
Dichotic Listening ◽  
Exogenous Cueing

scholarly journals Exogenous cueing modulates preference formation

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 458
Author(s):  
Giulia Rampone ◽  
Alexis Makin ◽  
Marco Bertamini
Keyword(s):  
Preference Formation ◽  
Exogenous Cueing

The Role of Attention in the Detection of Luminance Changes: Endogenous versus Exogenous Cueing

Perception ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 25-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
P T Brawn ◽  
R J Snowden
Keyword(s):  
Response Times ◽  
Task Type ◽  
Exogenous Cueing ◽  
Exogenous Cues ◽  
Visual Tasks ◽  
Simple Detection ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Small Advantage ◽  
And Task

Many visual tasks have been shown to be influenced by the attentional state of the observer. However the conditions under which attention has effects is still unclear. Here we report upon a series of experiments where the observer has to react to changes in the luminance of a target amongst many distractors. We have systematically manipulated the nature of the cue (endogenous vs exogenous) and the task to be performed (detection of changes vs discrimination of direction of change). Stimuli consisted of a number of circles upon a screen. At some point in time one of the circles changed in luminance and subjects reacted as quickly as possible. Typically half the circles were red and half green. Subjects could be cued to attend to a particular colour by instruction (endogenous) or by a brief flash of the lines that joined the same coloured elements (exogenous). In most cases the cue was appropriate on 80% of the trials and hence we could compare response times between valid and invalid trials. Our results show that (1) for simple detection endogenous cues were ineffective whereas exogenous cues provided a small advantage for the valid trials, and (2) for discrimination of direction of change endogenous cues provided a small advantage, whereas exogenous cues provided a large advantage for the valid trials. It appears that both cueing type and task type modulate the attentional effects on this ‘preattentive’ task.

scholarly journals Exogenous attention facilitates performance through dissociable sensitivity and bias mechanisms

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishak Sagar ◽  
Ranit Sengupta ◽  
Devarajan Sridharan
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Times ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Exogenous Attention ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Perceptual Sensitivity ◽  
Detection Model ◽  
Exogenous Cueing ◽  
Multiple Alternative ◽  
Choice Bias ◽  
Spatial Locations

AbstractSelective attention enables prioritizing the most important information for differential sensory processing and decision-making. Here, we address an active debate regarding whether attention reflects a unitary phenomenon or involves the operation of dissociable sensory enhancement (perceptual sensitivity) and decisional gating (choice bias) processes. We developed a multialternative task in which participants detected and localized orientation changes in gratings at one of four spatial locations. Exogenous attention cues (high contrast flashes) preceded or followed the change events in close temporal proximity. Analysis of participants’ behavior with a multidimensional signal detection model revealed markedly distinct effects of exogenous cueing on perceptual sensitivity and choice bias. Whereas sensitivity enhancement was localized to the stimulus proximal to the exogenous cue, bias enhancement occurred even for distal stimuli in the cued hemifield. Modulations of sensitivity and bias were uncorrelated at both cued and uncued locations. Finally, exogenous cueing produced reaction time benefits only at the cued location and costs only at locations contralateral to the cue. These disparate effects of exogenous cueing on sensitivity, bias and reaction times could be parsimoniously explained within the framework of a diffusion-decision model, in which the drift rate was determined by a linear combination of sensitivity and bias at each location. Exogenous cueing effects on sensitivity and bias differed systematically from previously reported effects of endogenous cueing. We propose that the search for shared neural substrates of exogenous and endogenous attention would benefit from investigating neural correlates of their component sensory and decisional mechanisms.Significance statementWhen we voluntarily direct attention “endogenously”, we are able to better perceive stimuli at the attended location (sensitivity), and to prioritize information from that location for guiding behavioral decisions (bias). But when a salient stimulus, such as a flash of lightning, captures our attention “exogenously”, does it also produce these same effects? To answer this question, we designed a multiple alternative task in which task events occurred in close conjunction with salient exogenous cues (high contrast flashes). We discovered that exogenous attention enhanced both sensitivity and bias for cued stimuli, but each of these changes followed distinct spatial patterns across locations. Our results provide novel insights into component processes of exogenous attention and motivate the search for their neural correlates.

scholarly journals Stimulus predictability does not modulate bottom-up attentional capture

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik L. Meijs ◽  
Felix H. Klaassen ◽  
Levan Bokeria ◽  
Simon van Gaal ◽  
Floris P. de Lange
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Behavioral Experiments ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Exogenous Cueing ◽  
Cueing Task ◽  
Prior Expectation

AbstractAttention can be involuntarily captured by physically salient stimuli, a phenomenon known as bottom-up attention. Typically, these salient stimuli occur unpredictably in time and space. Therefore, in a series of three behavioral experiments, we investigated the extent to which such bottom-up attentional capture is a function of one’s prior expectations. In the context of an exogenous cueing task, we systematically manipulated participants’ spatial (Experiment 1) or temporal (Experiment 2 and 3) expectations about an uninformative cue, and examined the extent of attentional capture by the cue. We anticipated larger attentional capture for unexpected compared to expected cues. However, while we observed robust attentional capture in all experiments, we did not find any evidence for a modulation of attentional capture by prior expectation. This underscores the automatic and reflexive nature of bottom-up attention.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document