MORAL TREATMENT IN AMERICAN PSYCHIATRY — by J. Sanbourne Bockoven, M. D. Springer Publishing Co., Inc., New York, N. Y., 1963, 116 pages, $3.00

1963 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 514-a-515
Author(s):  
Winfred Overholser
Author(s):  
Gerald N. Grob

This article examines the moral/ethical dimensions of psychiatric practice in the United States. It begins with a historical overview of American psychiatry, from the establishment of mental hospitals and asylums to the emergence of institutionalization and the theory of moral treatment. It then turns to a discussion of nineteenth-century initiatives calling for an end to dual responsibility and for the state to assume sole responsibility for persons with severe mental disorders. It also looks at the rise of dynamic psychiatry in the early twentieth century, along with the mental hygiene movement and the introduction of novel therapies such as fever therapy, insulin, metrazol, lobotomy, psychosurgery, and electric shock therapies. Finally, the article considers the transformation of American psychiatry during and after World War II.


1902 ◽  
Vol 48 (200) ◽  
pp. 124-126
Author(s):  
H. M. Bannister

The record of American psychiatry for the past year is not an eventful one so far as matters of interest to trans-Atlantic readers are concerned. At the beginning of the year the subject of interest was the New York Pathological Institute and the difficulties that involved its management. For a number of months it has been in a state of suspended activity—not dead but sleeping—and now appears to be about to start again on a fresh career of usefulness. A new organisation has been planned, an advisory board appointed, consisting of recognised authorities in their departments, and including representatives of the related specialties of psychology and general biology, as well as those of pathology, neurology, and psychiatry. The gentlemen who have accepted positions on the board are well known, and their interest in the Institute and its aims undoubted. Their names will carry weight; Professor McKeen Cattell holds the chair of psychology in Columbia University, Professors Ewing and Herter represent the two great medical schools of Bellevue and Cornell, Dr. H. A. Hern, of Albany, a well-known neurologist, Dr. Bumpus, of the American Museum of Natural History, Drs. Pilgrim and Macdonald, representing the State Hospitals, and Dr. Frederick Peterson, ex officio, as commissioner of lunacy, complete the board. These gentlemen will exercise a general oversight over the work, and when a new working staff has been appointed, we may look for good work, carried on under more favourable conditions than was formerly the case. It is the intention in their reorganisation not only to carry on original research as in the past, but to utilize the Institute for special instruction of the members of the different asylum staffs in psychiatry and special research work. It will be located in one of the departments of the Manhattan Hospital until such time as a special reception hospital for the insane can be provided.


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