Noninvasive Measurement of Traveling Wave Velocity in the Canine Larynx

1994 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 758-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Nasri ◽  
Joel A. Sercarz ◽  
Gerald S. Berke
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Traveling Wave ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Displacement Velocity ◽  
Noninvasive Measurement ◽  
First Report ◽  
Endoscopic Instrument

Laryngologists have long recognized that assessment of the mucosal wave is an important part of laryngeal evaluation. This is the first report of a noninvasive measurement of vocal fold displacement velocity in an in vivo canine model. a newly developed calibrating endoscopic instrument capable of measuring distances on the vocal fold surface is described. Displacement velocity was determined in three dogs and compared to physiologic measures in the in vivo phonation model. The results indicate that the calculated displacement velocity is linearly proportional to traveling wave velocity and fundamental frequency. Because traveling wave velocity has been shown to reflect vocal fold stiffness, this method may advance the usefulness of stroboscopy for the study of mucosal wave abnormalities.

Function of the Interarytenoid Muscle in a Canine Laryngeal Model

1994 ◽  
Vol 103 (12) ◽  
pp. 975-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Nasri ◽  
Jody Kreiman ◽  
Pouneh Beizai ◽  
Michael C. Graves ◽  
Joel A. Sercarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Superior Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Activity Measurement ◽  
Nerve Branch

The interarytcnoid (IA) muscle has rarely been studied in the living larynx. In this work, the role of the IA muscle in phonation was studied in three dogs by means of an in vivo phonation model. The isolated action of the IA muscle was studied by sectioning and stimulating its nerve branch. As IA activity increased, subglottic pressure increased significantly until a plateau was reached. In the absence of superior laryngeal nerve stimulation, the fundamental frequency rose with increasing IA activity. In the presence of superior laryngeal nerve stimulation, however, no significant change in fundamental frequency was observed with increasing IA activity. Measurement of adductory force demonstrated that the IA muscle adducts primarily the posterior vocal fold. In this canine model, phonation was not possible without IA stimulation, owing to a large posterior glottic chink.

Effect of Subglottic Pressure on Fundamental Frequency of the Canine Larynx with Active Muscle Tensions

1994 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 817-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Pearl Solomon ◽  
Kang Liu ◽  
Tzu-Yu Hsiao ◽  
Erich S. Luschei ◽  
Tsu-Ching Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Dynamic Stiffness ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Active Muscle ◽  
Vocal Fold Vibration ◽  
Stiffness Properties ◽  
Stimulation Of

The relation between subglottic pressure and the fundamental frequency of vocal fold vibration was studied by means of evoked phonation in an in vivo canine model. The evoked-phonation model involved electrical stimulation of the midbrain that resulted in consistent responses by respiratory and laryngeal musculature, accompanied by phonation. The dynamic stiffness properties of the vocal folds, especially the “cover,” were investigated by delivering various amounts of air pressure to the larynx from an opening in the trachea. The fundamental frequency of vocal fold vibration increased linearly with subglottic pressure. The slopes ranged from 22.4 to 118.7 Hz per kilopascal in 7 animals. The results indicated that the dependence of fundamental frequency on subglottic pressure is a passive mechanical phenomenon.

Effect of Asymmetric Vocal Fold Stiffness on Traveling Wave Velocity in the Canine Larynx

1992 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 516-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven H. Sloan ◽  
Gerald S. Berke ◽  
Bruce R. Gerratt
Keyword(s):  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Traveling Wave ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Voice Production ◽  
Normal Voice ◽  
Potential Use

The vocal fold (VF) traveling wave is essential to normal voice production. The present investigation describes a new method to determine traveling wave velocity (TWV) in the in vivo canine phonatory model. This method synchronizes photoglottographic and electroglottographic waveforms with videostroboscopic images to determine the duration of time the traveling wave moves between two tattoos placed a known distance apart between the upper and lower margins of each VF. Using this method, we compared the TWV of a paralyzed VF with the TWV of the contralateral, electrically stimulated VF during phonation in two canines. In addition, the presumed VF stiffness asymmetry in the simulated acute recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis state was confirmed by measuring Young's modulus of each VF. The results indicated that the TWV of the paralyzed VF averaged 55% of the TWV of the normal, stiffer VF when the glottal gap was small and entrainment occurred. This study demonstrated the feasibility of quantifying traveling wave motion in asymmetric VF stiffness disorders. The potential use of TWV in human beings as a target to optimize the phonosurgical results in asymmetric VF stiffness disorders is discussed.

scholarly journals Determination of Vocal Fold Mucosal Wave Velocity in an In Vivo Canine Model

1993 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 947???953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven H. Sloan ◽  
Gerald S. Berke ◽  
Bruce R. Gerratt ◽  
Jody Kreiman ◽  
Ming Ye
Keyword(s):  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Canine Model

Effect of Superior Laryngeal Nerve on Vocal Fold Function: An in Vivo Canine Model

1991 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. 857-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Slavit ◽  
Thomas V. Mccaffrey ◽  
Eriko Yanagi
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Superior Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Electrical Signal ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Airflow Rate ◽  
Cricothyroid Muscle

Assessment of laryngeal framework surgery requires an awareness of the effect of vocal fold mass, stiffness, and position on voice production. The vibratory pattern of the vocal folds during phonation depends on the subglottic pressure as well as the mass and stiffness of the folds. To assess the effect of variations in vocal fold tension with contraction of the cricothyroid muscle on phonation, eight mongrel dog larynges were studied in vivo. Photoglottography, electroglottography, and subglottic pressure were simultaneously recorded as airflow rate and superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) stimulation were varied. Stimulation of the SLN was modified by varying the frequency and voltage of the stimulating electrical signal. Multiple regression analysis of the data revealed a direct relationship between the voltage of SLN stimulation and frequency of vibration (P < 0.001) at constant subglottic pressure. Increases in the stimulating voltage to the SLN also led to an increase in open quotient (p < 0.001), but no statistically significant change in speed quotient, subglottic pressure, or sound intensity. Changing the frequency of SLN stimulation had only a modest effect on the frequency of vibration. These results are consistent with the reported findings of an increase in frequency and open quotient with increased tension in an in vitro canine model. The glottographic measurement open quotient appears to be an estimator of cricothyroid contraction and longitudinal vocal fold tension, and may be clinically applicable to the assessment of superior laryngeal nerve injuries and laryngeal framework procedures.

Effects of Arytenoid Adduction on Laryngeal Function Following Ansa Cervicalis Nerve Transfer for Vocal Fold Paralysis in an In Vivo Canine Model

1994 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 1187???1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Nasri ◽  
Joel A. Sercarz ◽  
Ming Ye ◽  
Jody Kreiman ◽  
Bruce R. Gerratt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Nerve Transfer ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Vocal Fold Paralysis ◽  
Laryngeal Function ◽  
Ansa Cervicalis ◽  
Arytenoid Adduction

scholarly journals Measurement of Traveling Wave Velocity in the Vocal Fold Vibration

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-127
Author(s):  
Joji Kobayashi ◽  
Eiji Yumoto ◽  
Katsuya Saeki ◽  
Yoshimi Kadota
Keyword(s):  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Traveling Wave ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Vocal Fold Vibration
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