Quantitative Evaluation of the Effects of Thyroarytenoid Muscle Activity upon Pliability of Vocal Fold Mucosa in an In Vivo Canine Model

1997 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiji Yumoto ◽  
Yoshimi Kadota
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Thyroarytenoid Muscle

Function of the Thyroarytenoid Muscle in a Canine Laryngeal Model

1993 ◽  
Vol 102 (10) ◽  
pp. 769-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Shik Choi ◽  
Ming Ye ◽  
Gerald S. Berke ◽  
Jody Kreiman
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Thyroid Cartilage ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Vocal Fold Vibration ◽  
Thyroarytenoid Muscle

Fundamental frequency is controlled by contraction of the thyroarytenoid (TA) and cricothyroid (CT) muscles. While activity of the CT muscle is known to tense and thin the vocal folds, little is known about the effect of the TA muscle on vocal fold vibration. An in vivo canine laryngeal model was used to examine the role of the TA muscle in controlling phonation. Isolated TA muscle activation was obtained by stimulating sectioned terminal TA branches through small thyroid cartilage windows. Subglottic pressure measures, electroglottographic and photoglottographic signals, and acoustic signals were obtained in 5 mongrel dogs during dynamic and static variations in TA muscle activity. Results indicated that TA muscle activation is a major determinant in sudden shifts from high-frequency to modal phonation. Subglottic pressure increased and open quotient decreased gradually with increasing TA activation.

scholarly journals Quantitative Evaluation of the In Vivo Vocal Fold Medial Surface Shape

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 513.e15-513.e23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Vahabzadeh-Hagh ◽  
Zhaoyan Zhang ◽  
Dinesh K. Chhetri
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Surface Shape ◽  
Medial Surface

Effects of Levodopa on Laryngeal Muscle Activity for Voice Onset and Offset in Parkinson Disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1284-1299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally Gallena ◽  
Paul J. Smith ◽  
Thomas Zeffiro ◽  
Christy L. Ludlow
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Laryngeal Muscle ◽  
Idiopathic Parkinson Disease ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Research Volunteers ◽  
Thyroarytenoid Muscle

The laryngeal pathophysiology underlying the speech disorder in idiopathic Parkinson disease (IPD) was addressed in this electromyographic study of laryngeal muscle activity. This muscle activity was examined during voice onset and offset gestures in 6 persons in the early stages of IPD who were not receiving medication. The purpose was to determine (a) if impaired voice onset and offset control for speech and vocal fold bowing were related to abnormalities in laryngeal muscle activity in the nonmedicated state and (b) if these attributes change with levodopa. Blinded listeners rated the IPD participants' voice onset and offset control before and after levodopa was administered. In the nonmedi-cated state, the IPD participants' vocal fold bowing was examined on nasoendo-scopy, and laryngeal muscle activity levels were compared with normal research volunteers. The IPD participants were then administered a therapeutic dose of levodopa, and changes in laryngeal muscle activity for voice onset and offset gestures were measured during the same session. Significant differences were found between IPD participants in the nonmedicated state:those with higher levels of muscle activation had vocal fold bowing and greater impairment in voice onset and offset control for speech. Similarly, following levodopa administration, those with thyroarytenoid muscle activity reductions had greater improvements in voice onset and offset control for speech. In this study, voice onset and offset control ifficulties and vocal fold bowing were associated with increased levels of aryngeal muscle activity in the absence of medication.

Function of the Interarytenoid Muscle in a Canine Laryngeal Model

1994 ◽  
Vol 103 (12) ◽  
pp. 975-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Nasri ◽  
Jody Kreiman ◽  
Pouneh Beizai ◽  
Michael C. Graves ◽  
Joel A. Sercarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Superior Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Activity Measurement ◽  
Nerve Branch

The interarytcnoid (IA) muscle has rarely been studied in the living larynx. In this work, the role of the IA muscle in phonation was studied in three dogs by means of an in vivo phonation model. The isolated action of the IA muscle was studied by sectioning and stimulating its nerve branch. As IA activity increased, subglottic pressure increased significantly until a plateau was reached. In the absence of superior laryngeal nerve stimulation, the fundamental frequency rose with increasing IA activity. In the presence of superior laryngeal nerve stimulation, however, no significant change in fundamental frequency was observed with increasing IA activity. Measurement of adductory force demonstrated that the IA muscle adducts primarily the posterior vocal fold. In this canine model, phonation was not possible without IA stimulation, owing to a large posterior glottic chink.

Noninvasive Measurement of Traveling Wave Velocity in the Canine Larynx

1994 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 758-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Nasri ◽  
Joel A. Sercarz ◽  
Gerald S. Berke
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Traveling Wave ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Displacement Velocity ◽  
Noninvasive Measurement ◽  
First Report ◽  
Endoscopic Instrument

Laryngologists have long recognized that assessment of the mucosal wave is an important part of laryngeal evaluation. This is the first report of a noninvasive measurement of vocal fold displacement velocity in an in vivo canine model. a newly developed calibrating endoscopic instrument capable of measuring distances on the vocal fold surface is described. Displacement velocity was determined in three dogs and compared to physiologic measures in the in vivo phonation model. The results indicate that the calculated displacement velocity is linearly proportional to traveling wave velocity and fundamental frequency. Because traveling wave velocity has been shown to reflect vocal fold stiffness, this method may advance the usefulness of stroboscopy for the study of mucosal wave abnormalities.

Effect of Superior Laryngeal Nerve on Vocal Fold Function: An in Vivo Canine Model

1991 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. 857-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Slavit ◽  
Thomas V. Mccaffrey ◽  
Eriko Yanagi
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Superior Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Electrical Signal ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Airflow Rate ◽  
Cricothyroid Muscle

Assessment of laryngeal framework surgery requires an awareness of the effect of vocal fold mass, stiffness, and position on voice production. The vibratory pattern of the vocal folds during phonation depends on the subglottic pressure as well as the mass and stiffness of the folds. To assess the effect of variations in vocal fold tension with contraction of the cricothyroid muscle on phonation, eight mongrel dog larynges were studied in vivo. Photoglottography, electroglottography, and subglottic pressure were simultaneously recorded as airflow rate and superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) stimulation were varied. Stimulation of the SLN was modified by varying the frequency and voltage of the stimulating electrical signal. Multiple regression analysis of the data revealed a direct relationship between the voltage of SLN stimulation and frequency of vibration (P < 0.001) at constant subglottic pressure. Increases in the stimulating voltage to the SLN also led to an increase in open quotient (p < 0.001), but no statistically significant change in speed quotient, subglottic pressure, or sound intensity. Changing the frequency of SLN stimulation had only a modest effect on the frequency of vibration. These results are consistent with the reported findings of an increase in frequency and open quotient with increased tension in an in vitro canine model. The glottographic measurement open quotient appears to be an estimator of cricothyroid contraction and longitudinal vocal fold tension, and may be clinically applicable to the assessment of superior laryngeal nerve injuries and laryngeal framework procedures.

Effects of Arytenoid Adduction on Laryngeal Function Following Ansa Cervicalis Nerve Transfer for Vocal Fold Paralysis in an In Vivo Canine Model

1994 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 1187???1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Nasri ◽  
Joel A. Sercarz ◽  
Ming Ye ◽  
Jody Kreiman ◽  
Bruce R. Gerratt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Nerve Transfer ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Vocal Fold Paralysis ◽  
Laryngeal Function ◽  
Ansa Cervicalis ◽  
Arytenoid Adduction

Effect of Subglottic Pressure on Fundamental Frequency of the Canine Larynx with Active Muscle Tensions

1994 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 817-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Pearl Solomon ◽  
Kang Liu ◽  
Tzu-Yu Hsiao ◽  
Erich S. Luschei ◽  
Tsu-Ching Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Dynamic Stiffness ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Active Muscle ◽  
Vocal Fold Vibration ◽  
Stiffness Properties ◽  
Stimulation Of

The relation between subglottic pressure and the fundamental frequency of vocal fold vibration was studied by means of evoked phonation in an in vivo canine model. The evoked-phonation model involved electrical stimulation of the midbrain that resulted in consistent responses by respiratory and laryngeal musculature, accompanied by phonation. The dynamic stiffness properties of the vocal folds, especially the “cover,” were investigated by delivering various amounts of air pressure to the larynx from an opening in the trachea. The fundamental frequency of vocal fold vibration increased linearly with subglottic pressure. The slopes ranged from 22.4 to 118.7 Hz per kilopascal in 7 animals. The results indicated that the dependence of fundamental frequency on subglottic pressure is a passive mechanical phenomenon.

Effects of RLN and SLN Stimulation on Glottal Area

1994 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Bielamowicz ◽  
Gerald S. Berke ◽  
Deborah Watson ◽  
Bruce R. Gerratt ◽  
Jody Kreiman
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Particle Velocity ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Superior Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Canine Experiments ◽  
Morphologic Changes

In vivo canine experiments have demonstrated that vocal fold stiffness varies proportionately with changing levels of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) and superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) stimulation. This study evaluated the morphologic changes in the glottis at varying levels of nerve stimulation and the presumed effects on laryngeal air particle velocity. Stroboscopic data from the in vivo canine model of phonation were examined under varying conditions of RLN and SLN stimulation. Computerized analysis of stroboscopic Images was used to reconstruct the glottal area vs. time waveforms. As RLN stimulation increased, glottal area per cycle decreased ( p < 0.05). However, as SLN stimulation increased, glottal area per cycle increased ( p < 0.05). These results support the hypothesis that increasing RLN stimulation at similar levels of SLN stimulation produces an increase in air particle velocity, whereas an increase in SLN stimulation causes a decrease in air particle velocity.

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