Stimulus-Response and Response-Effect Compatibility With Touchless Gestures and Moving Action Effects

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 1297-1314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Janczyk ◽  
Aiping Xiong ◽  
Robert W. Proctor
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Compatibility Effect ◽  
Button Press ◽  
Action Effects ◽  
Response Effect ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Display Content

Objective: To determine whether response-effect (R-E) compatibility or stimulus-response (S-R) compatibility is more critical for touchless gesture responses. Background: Content on displays can be moved in the same direction (S-R incompatible but R-E compatible) or opposite direction (S-R compatible but R-E incompatible) as the touchless gesture that produces the movement. Previous studies suggested that it is easier to produce a button-press response when it is R-E compatible (and S-R incompatible). However, whether this R-E compatibility effect also occurs for touchless gesture responses is unknown. Method: Experiments 1 and 2 employed an R-E compatibility manipulation in which participants made responses with an upward or downward touchless gesture that resulted in the display content moving in the same (compatible) or opposite (incompatible) direction. Experiment 3 employed an S-R compatibility manipulation in which the stimulus occurred at the upper or lower location on the screen. Results: Overall, only negligible influences of R-E compatibility on performing the touchless gestures were observed (in contrast to button-press responses), whereas S-R compatibility heavily affected the gestural responses. Conclusion: The R-E compatibility obtained in many previous studies with various types of responses appears not to hold for touchless gestures as responses. Application: The results suggest that in the design of touchless interfaces, unique factors may contribute to determining which mappings of gesture and display movements are preferred by users.

scholarly journals Disentangling stimulus and response compatibility as potential sources of backward crosstalk

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 3415-3431
Author(s):  
Tobias Rieger ◽  
Jeff Miller
Keyword(s):  
Compatibility Effect ◽  
Psychological Refractory Period ◽  
Flanker Task ◽  
Response Compatibility ◽  
Dual Tasking ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Dual Task Paradigm ◽  
Backward Crosstalk ◽  
Mapping Condition

Abstract In two experiments (N= 60 each), we investigated the locus of backward crosstalk effects in dual tasking. Specifically, we embedded the typical flanker task within a dual-task paradigm by assigning stimulus-response (S-R) rules to the flankers. In Experiment 1, participants were instructed to first respond to the center letter and only respond to the flanker if the center was a no-go stimulus (i.e., prioritized processing paradigm). Mapping condition was varied between-subjects to be either matched (i.e., same S-R rule for flankers as for center letters), reversed (i.e., opposite S-R rule for flankers), or neutral (i.e., different letters for flankers with separate S-R rules). The results indicated that the backward crosstalk effect was mainly driven by a stimulus-based compatibility, as indicated by a significant S2−R1 compatibility effect in the matched and reversed conditions, with little change in this effect between the matched and reversed conditions. Experiment 2 replicated and extended these findings to a psychological refractory period paradigm. The present findings suggest that in the matched and reversed conditions, there was only one S-R rule active at a time.

scholarly journals Correlates of Stimulus-Response Congruence in the Posterior Parietal Cortex

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gijsbert Stoet ◽  
Lawrence H. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Motor Command ◽  
Button Press ◽  
Primate Behavior ◽  
Task Context ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Additional Processing ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Time Required

Primate behavior is flexible: The response to a stimulus often depends on the task in which it occurs. Here we study how single neurons in the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) respond to stimuli which are associated with different responses in different tasks. Two rhesus monkeys performed a task-switching paradigm. Each trial started with a task cue instructing which of two tasks to perform, followed by a stimulus requiring a left or right button press. For half the stimuli, the associated responses were different in the two tasks, meaning that the task context was necessary to disambiguate the incongruent stimuli. The other half of stimuli required the same response irrespective of task context (congruent). Using this paradigm, we previously showed that behavioral responses to incongruent stimuli are significantly slower than to congruent stimuli. We now demonstrate a neural correlate in the PPC of the additional processing time required for incongruent stimuli. Furthermore, we previously found that 29% of parietal neurons encode the task being performed (task-selective cells). We now report differences in neuronal timing related to congruency in task-selective versus task nonselective cells. These differences in timing suggest that the activity in task nonselective cells reflects a motor command, whereas activity in task-selective cells reflects a decision process.

Stimulus-response compatibility in intensity-force relations

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 1175-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Mattes ◽  
Hartmut Leuthold ◽  
Rolf Ulrich
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Intensity ◽  
Compatibility Effect ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Response Compatibility ◽  
Weak Force ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Target Force ◽  
Stimulus Response Compatibility ◽  
Symbolic Coding ◽  
Modality Difference

Romaiguère, Hasbroucq, Possamaï, and Seal (1993) reported a new compatibility effect from a task that required responses of two different target force levels to stimuli of two different intensities. Reaction times were shorter when high and low stimulus intensities were mapped to strong and weak force presses respectively than when this mapping was reversed. We conducted six experiments to refine the interpretation of this effect. Experiments 1 to 4 demonstrated that the compatibility effect is clearly larger for auditory than for visual stimuli. Experiments 5 and 6 generalized this finding to a task where stimulus intensity was irrelevant. This modality difference refines Romaiguère et al.'s (1993) symbolic coding interpretation by showing that modality-specific codes underlie the intensity-force compatibility effect. Possible accounts in terms of differences in the representational mode and action effects are discussed.

scholarly journals Mask-Induced Priming and the Negative Compatibility Effect

2008 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petroc Sumner
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Compatibility Effect ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Motor Inhibition ◽  
Positive Priming ◽  
Motor Activation ◽  
Random Line

Abstract. Under certain conditions, masked primes have produced counter-intuitive negative compatibility effects (NCE), such that RT is increased, not decreased, when the target is similar to the prime. This NCE has been interpreted as an index of automatic motor inhibition, triggered to suppress the partial motor activation caused by the prime. An alternative explanation is that perceptual interactions between prime and mask produce positive priming in the opposite direction to the prime, explaining the NCE without postulating inhibition. Here the potential role of this “mask-induced priming” was investigated in two experiments, using masks composed of random lines. Experiment 1 compared masks that included features of the primes and targets with masks that did not. The former should create more mask-induced priming, but the NCE did not differ between masks. Experiment 2 employed masks that contained features of either one target or the other, but not both. These asymmetric masks produced significant mask-induced priming, but it was insufficient in size to account for the prime-related NCE. Thus mask composition can contribute to NCEs, but when random line masks are employed, the major source of the NCE seems to be motor-inhibition.

Sense and Sensitivity – Using Spatial Response-Compatibility Effects to Investigate Ambiguous Word Meaning

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Christian Büsel ◽  
Pierre Sachse ◽  
Ole Goltermann ◽  
Ulrich Ansorge
Keyword(s):  
Compatibility Effect ◽  
Word Meaning ◽  
Ambiguous Word ◽  
Visual Features ◽  
Letter Sequence ◽  
Response Compatibility ◽  
Word Meanings ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Spatial Response ◽  
Stimulus Response Compatibility

Abstract. We investigated sensitivity for the vertical meaning of the German particle ab by means of stimulus–response compatibility effects. In German, the particle ab is ambiguous and can take on a vertical meaning (downward) as in Auf und Ab (engl. up and down), but it can also take on nonvertical or nonspatial meanings as in Ab und An (engl. from time to time). We show that the particle ab only creates a spatial compatibility effect relative to the German particle auf (Experiment 1) but not relative to the particle an (Experiment 2). Furthermore, as participants executed upward versus downward responses in both Experiments 1 and 2, the mere vertical antagonism of the responses was insufficient to instill a verticality-based compatibility effect. In addition, the compatibility effect was restricted to the transparent version of the particle. If a letter sequence corresponding to the particles was presented in a semantically and morphologically opaque way (e.g., the letters ab were embedded in the German word kn ab e, engl. boy), no compatibility effect was found, underlining that the effect was due to word meanings rather than visual features. The results underscore the boundary conditions for using compatibility effects in investigating lexical and semantic spatial processing in humans.

Inhibitory Function in the Stimulus-Response Compatibility Task

2005 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriaki Tsuchida
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Compatibility Effect ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Response Compatibility ◽  
Dual Task Condition ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Inhibitory Function ◽  
Stimulus Response Compatibility

Changes of a location-based inhibitory function were investigated by performing a Stimulus-Response Compatibility task under two conditions. This task allows study of the efficiency of the inhibitory function by analyzing differences in error rates and in response time under various conditions of stimulus and response compatibility. In Exp. 1, with 28 college students, the effect of a dual task on the Stimulus-Response Compatibility effect was examined. In a dual-task, a predetermined stimulus such as a color is identified and the number of times a color is displayed is counted. In this experiment, under a dual task using visual stimuli, a decline in error responses and reduction of the Stimulus-Response Compatibility effect were observed. In Exp. 2, 29 college students participated in an identical experiment with the exception that an auditory stimulus was presented as the dual task. Similar to Exp. 1, there was a significant reduction in the number of error responses in the dual-task condition. Conversely, there was no significant change in Stimulus-Response Compatibility effect as estimated by response time. These results suggest that the two visual pathways as proposed by Goodale (1995) and the evocation of intentional attention may affect the Stimulus-Response Compatibility effect.

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