Prediction of Muscular Endurance (Work Performance) From Individual Differences in Initial and Post Training Increments in Static Strength

Author(s):  
Leon E. Smith ◽  
Donald K. Edwards

Forty college men were given tests for static strength and strength endurance prior to an isotonic strength training program. Experimental results indicate that individual differences in static strength are a poor criterion in the prediction of muscular endurance. Following an increase in static strength resulting from isotonic strength training pre-training static strength and post-training strength increments are not indicative of an individual's performance in a hand grip endurance activity.

1968 ◽  
Vol 27 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1195-1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim D. Whitley ◽  
Geoffrey M. Elliott

60 college men were given 12 trials on an unfamiliar and fairly complex test of static strength in a single testing period. 30 were allowed 1½ min. of rest between trials and the rest 3 min. It was hypothesized that individuals can learn how to exert force statically, i.e., significantly improve their strength scores, during practice on a test that requires the neuro-muscular integration of several muscle groups not commonly tested for strength. A second hypothesis was that there would be no difference in the amount learned between groups with 1½-min. and 3-min. rests. Results supported both hypotheses. The reliability of individual differences in learning scores was moderately high; r = .56 for single trials and .61 for a 2-trial average. Thus, individuals can learn how to exert force statically in an unfamiliar and fairly complex strength test and the influence of this learning effect can be determined, providing possible facilitative effects of training and inhibitory effects of fatigue are minimized.


1988 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 2552-2557 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Roy ◽  
M. Doyon ◽  
J. G. Dumesnil ◽  
J. Jobin ◽  
F. Landry

There are still disagreements concerning the adaptation of cardiac structures in relation to different training stimuli. To eliminate some of the variance due to individual differences in body surface area, we utilized a new approach based on the calculation of the percentages of each individual's normal predicted values (%NPV). We studied 46 strength (S, bodybuilders) and 57 endurance (E, runners) athletes. Left ventricular (LV) mass was 143.8 +/- 21.9 %NPV (mean +/- SD) in E vs. 134.3 +/- 23.4 %NPV in S (P less than 0.05), and LV volume was 131.0 +/- 24.0 %NPV in E vs. 120.0 +/- 25.5 %NPV in S (P less than 0.05). Moreover, the LV wall thickness-to-radius ratio did not differ from normal values in either group. From these data we conclude that 1) cardiac modifications are greater in E than S, 2) the predominant stimulus is a volume overload type in both groups, and 3) concentric LV hypertrophy may not be as prevalent in S as previously suggested.


1968 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 651-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon E. Smith

The motor performance of 32 college men was measured on the following tests: arm strength, arm reaction and movement times, arm-and-leg serial reaction and movement times. Specificity of variance of individual differences was found for single, simple, and discrete limb movements and for three programmed series of large RT-MT movements which involved 240 responses.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Auksė Endriulaitienė ◽  
Laura Šeibokaitė ◽  
Rasa Markšaitytė ◽  
Kristina Žardeckaitė-Matulaitienė

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