Effectiveness of Accommodative Aids in Reducing Empty Field Myopia in Visual Search

1978 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 733-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Matthews ◽  
Robert G. Angus ◽  
Douglas G. Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Visual Detection ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Performance Loss ◽  
Aircraft Cabin ◽  
Search Area ◽  
A Performance

When a visual detection task is performed with distant targets in the absence of adequate accommodative cues, a performance loss is obtained which has been attributed to empty field myopia. It is shown that in a visual search situation an accommodative aid located at optical infinity improves detection by approximately 30% over empty field performance. It is further demonstrated that such an aid may overcome the conflicting accommodative cues provided by proximal contours defining the search area, i.e., a situation that is analogous to the detection of distant targets by observers searching through aircraft cabin windows.

scholarly journals Causal modulation of right hemisphere fronto-parietal phase synchrony with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation during a conscious visual detection task

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloé Stengel ◽  
Marine Vernet ◽  
Julià L. Amengual ◽  
Antoni Valero-Cabré
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Visual Perception ◽  
Frequency Band ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Visual Detection ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Top Down ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Beta

AbstractCorrelational evidence in non-human primates has reported increases of fronto-parietal high-beta (22–30 Hz) synchrony during the top-down allocation of visuo-spatial attention. But may inter-regional synchronization at this specific frequency band provide a causal mechanism by which top-down attentional processes facilitate conscious visual perception? To address this question, we analyzed electroencephalographic (EEG) signals from a group of healthy participants who performed a conscious visual detection task while we delivered brief (4 pulses) rhythmic (30 Hz) or random bursts of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) to the right Frontal Eye Field (FEF) prior to the onset of a lateralized target. We report increases of inter-regional synchronization in the high-beta band (25–35 Hz) between the electrode closest to the stimulated region (the right FEF) and right parietal EEG leads, and increases of local inter-trial coherence within the same frequency band over bilateral parietal EEG contacts, both driven by rhythmic but not random TMS patterns. Such increases were accompained by improvements of conscious visual sensitivity for left visual targets in the rhythmic but not the random TMS condition. These outcomes suggest that high-beta inter-regional synchrony can be modulated non-invasively and that high-beta oscillatory activity across the right dorsal fronto-parietal network may contribute to the facilitation of conscious visual perception. Our work supports future applications of non-invasive brain stimulation to restore impaired visually-guided behaviors by operating on top-down attentional modulatory mechanisms.

Responses in a Manual Tracking and Visual Detection Task

2009 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 899-910
Author(s):  
Chau-Chyun Liu ◽  
Ji-Liang Doong ◽  
Chih-Yung Lin ◽  
Ching-Huei Lai ◽  
Ming-Chang Jeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Detection ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Manual Tracking

EEG indices of reward motivation and target detectability in a rapid visual detection task

NeuroImage ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 590-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gethin Hughes ◽  
Santosh Mathan ◽  
Nick Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Visual Detection ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Reward Motivation

Effect of Attention on the Detection and Identification of Masked Spatial Patterns

Perception ◽  
10.1068/p5276 ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endel Põder
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Signal Detection Theory ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Small Target ◽  
Crowding Effect ◽  
Identification Task ◽  
Set Size ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Search Experiment

The effect of attention on the detection and identification of vertically and horizontally oriented Gabor patterns in the condition of simultaneous masking with obliquely oriented Gabors was studied. Attention was manipulated by varying the set size in a visual-search experiment. In the first experiment, small target Gabors were presented on the background of larger masking Gabors. In the detection task, the effect of set size was as predicted by unlimited-capacity signal detection theory. In the orientation identification task, increasing the set size from 1 to 8 resulted in a much larger decline in performance. The results of the additional experiments suggest that attention can reduce the crowding effect of maskers.

Application of Signal Detection Theory to Subliminal and Supraliminal Accessory Stimulation

1969 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 699-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne F. Zwosta ◽  
Robert Zenhausern
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Signal Detection Theory ◽  
Visual Detection ◽  
Detection Theory ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Subliminal Stimulation

The effect of subliminal and supraliminal accessory stimulation (white noise) on a visual detection task was determined through the use of the Theory of Signal Detection (SDT). Both the most extreme level of subliminal stimulation (–15 db) and the most extreme level of supraliminal stimulation (+15 db) resulted in the greatest increase in sensitivity ( d′) but neither had any effect on S's criteria (Beta).

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