Thyroid Function during Early Life and Dental Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (9) ◽  
pp. 1020-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vucic ◽  
T.I.M. Korevaar ◽  
B. Dhamo ◽  
V.W.V. Jaddoe ◽  
R.P. Peeters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Tooth Eruption ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Dental Development ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Maternal Thyroid

Children with low levels of thyroid hormones (hypothyroidism) have delayed tooth eruption, enamel hypoplasia, micrognathia, and anterior open bite, whereas children with hyperthyroidism may suffer from accelerated tooth eruption, maxillary, and mandibular osteoporosis. However, it is still unknown whether thyroid function variations within the normal or subclinical range also have an impact on hard dental tissues in healthy children. The objective of this study was, therefore, to investigate the association between thyroid function from the fetal period until early childhood and dental development at school age. This study is embedded in the Generation R Study, a population-based cohort study established in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Maternal thyroid function (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH], free thyroxine [FT4], and thyroid peroxidase antibody [TPOAb] concentrations) was measured during early pregnancy, and thyroid function of the offspring (TSH and FT4) was measured in cord blood at birth and in early childhood (6 y). Dental development was assessed from panoramic radiographs of children of school-going age (9 y). In total, 2,387 to 2,706 subjects were available for the multivariable linear regression analysis, depending on the point in time of thyroid function measurement. There was an inverse association between cord blood and early childhood TSH concentrations with dental development, with a –0.06 lower standard deviation (SD) per 1 mU/L of TSH (95% confidence interval [CI], –0.11 to –0.01) and a –0.06 lower SD per 1 mU/L of TSH (95% CI, –0.11 to 0.00), respectively. There was no association between the maternal thyroid function during pregnancy and the dental development score of the child. However, TPOAb-positive mothers had children with a –0.20 SD (adjusted 95% CI, –0.35 to –0.04) lower dental development score compared with TPOAb-negative mothers. The findings of this study suggest that the thyroid hormone is involved in the maturation of teeth from the early stages of life onward.

scholarly journals Effect of Early Childhood Malnutrition on Tooth Eruption Sequence in Nepalese Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
Nameeta Shrestha ◽  
J. Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Tooth Eruption ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Childhood Malnutrition ◽  
Under Nutrition ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Decayed Tooth ◽  
Delayed Eruption

Child under-nutrition has effects which last a lifetime. The consequences can be both short term and long term. Malnourished children tend to be physically, emotionally and intellectually less productive and suffer more from chronic illnesses and disabilities compared to healthy children. The objective of this study was to determine prevalence of under-nutrition and investigate association between early childhood malnutrition and deciduous tooth eruption in children aged 0-59 months in Mugu district of Nepal. A structured questionnaire based on Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2011 questionnaire was used. Weight and height of 246 children, aged 0-59 months were measured. Dental caries status and eruption sequence were noted. Among the total, 14 .1% had moderate/severe wasting of muscles, 25.2% were moderately stunted and 36.6% were severely stunted. From the total, 30 .5% were moderately underweight and 18.3% were severely underweight. A significantly higher proportion with wasting presented with delayed eruption sequence than those without wasting (p <0.05). From the total, 25.4% who presented with delayed eruption also had at least one decayed tooth (p><0.05). From this study, it was concluded that malnutrition causes delayed tooth eruption, affects the oral health of the child, and results in an increased caries experience.

scholarly journals Etiology of thumb sucking habit and its effect on developing malocclusion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahid Nisar Ahmed ◽  
Ahmed Mahmoud Hussin ◽  
Anoud Fahad Alanazi ◽  
Abdullah Mohammed Alhuraish ◽  
Sarah Abdullah Abomelha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Tooth Eruption ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Posterior Crossbite ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Thumb Sucking

The persistence of thumb sucking might also be harmful as it might be associated with the development of complications seen on the thumb as paronychia and nail deformities and in the mouth level as malocclusions. In this review, we have looked up studies in the literature to identify the effect of thumb sucking on the development of malocclusion. Thumb sucking in children usually occurs as a primitive reflex that appears in early childhood with no apparent causative factors. Children usually develop this thumb sucking habit because in this way they feel more comfortable and secure. The main cause behind the development of thumb sucking is the prolonged presence of the thumb in the mouth which creates pressure against the developing jaw and teeth. This may interfere with the process of tooth eruption leading to delayed or abrupt eruption events and malformations. The severity of malocclusion deformities is significantly associated with the chronicity and period of thumb-sucking habits. Other forms of occlusions secondary to thumb sucking include: anterior open bite, exaggerated overjet, posterior crossbite, retrognathic mandible, a diastema, temporomandibular joint disorders and the retroclined low anterior. Thumb sucking, however, is a self-limiting phenomenon and usually disappears as children grow older. However, when persistence is noticed, immediate management should be approached to avoid any potential complications.

scholarly journals Maternal Thyroid Function during Early Pregnancy and Cognitive Functioning in Early Childhood: The Generation R Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. 4227-4234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Henrichs ◽  
Jacoba J. Bongers-Schokking ◽  
Jacqueline J. Schenk ◽  
Akhgar Ghassabian ◽  
Henk G. Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Thyroid
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