Effects of Case Management on Drug Users' Risky Sex

Case management for crime-involved drug users is designed mainly to reduce further drug use and crime but may also promote reductions in HIV risk behavior. In a five-site evaluation, the authors examined the effects of a case-management protocol known as Treatment Alternatives to Street Crime (TASC) on drug users' frequency of unprotected sex and frequency of sex while high on drugs and/or alcohol. At one site, case management had a favorable effect on the frequency of unprotected sex. At four sites, case management had a favorable effect on the frequency of sex while high. These effects were moderated by users' baseline level of risk behavior or history of related problem behaviors (drug use and criminal conduct). Implications for case management and drug use treatment are discussed.

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1 Physicians’ Assessment of Drug Use and Other HIV Risk Behavior: Reports by Female Drug Users

Women and Substance Abuse ◽

10.4324/9781315821733-10 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 165-212

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Risk Behavior ◽

Hiv Risk ◽

Drug Users ◽

Hiv Risk Behavior ◽

Female Drug Users

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The Age of Initiation of Drug Use and Sexual Behavior May Influence Subsequent HIV Risk Behavior: A Systematic Review

ISRN AIDS ◽

10.1155/2013/976035 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Patrick Baldwin ◽

Roman Shrestha ◽

Jessica Potrepka ◽

Michael Copenhaver

Keyword(s):

Sexual Behavior ◽

High Risk ◽

Drug Use ◽

Risk Behavior ◽

Hiv Risk ◽

Injection Drug Users ◽

Drug Users ◽

Research Literature ◽

Hiv Risk Behavior ◽

Hiv Risk Reduction Interventions

Researchers examining injection drug users (IDUs) in drug treatment have been trying for decades to determine the optimal way to intervene to prevent the transmission and spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in this population. Although efficacious HIV risk reduction interventions are widely available, questions remain about what specific factors are most related to HIV risk behavior and defined as unprotected sexual activity and/or high risk drug use. This review involved an evaluation of the research literature in order to better understand the association between drug use and sexual behavior debut on HIV risk behavior. Findings suggest that drug use debut and sexual behavior debut may be related to subsequent HIV risk behavior. Evidence to date implies that intervening at an earlier age to assist youth to avoid or delay these high risk behaviors may be an additional means of reducing subsequent HIV risk.

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Physicians' Assessment of Drug Use and Other HIV Risk Behavior: Reports by Female Drug Users

Drugs & Society ◽

10.1300/j023v13n01_09 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 13 (1-2) ◽

pp. 145-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christiane Brems ◽

Dennis G. Fisher ◽

Patricia J. Queen

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Risk Behavior ◽

Hiv Risk ◽

Drug Users ◽

Hiv Risk Behavior ◽

Female Drug Users

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Risk Factors for the Transition from Noninjection to Injection Drug Use and Accompanying AIDS Risk Behavior in a Cohort of Drug Users

American Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116962 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 139 (12) ◽

pp. 1153-1163 ◽

Cited By ~ 87

Author(s):

E. J. C. van Ameijden ◽

J. A. R. van den Hoek ◽

C. Hartgers ◽

R. A. Coutinho

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Drug Use ◽

Risk Behavior ◽

Injection Drug Use ◽

Drug Users ◽

Injection Drug ◽

Aids Risk ◽

Aids Risk Behavior

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HIV Risk Behavior and Beliefs of HIV-Seropositive Drug Users

Journal of Drug Issues ◽

10.1177/002204269202200403 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 833-847 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Christina Hartgers ◽

Pieta Krijnen ◽

Johanna A.R. van den Hoek ◽

Roel A. Coutinho ◽

Joop van der Pligt

Keyword(s):

Risk Behavior ◽

Hiv Risk ◽

Drug Users ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

Hiv Risk Behavior ◽

Unsafe Sex ◽

Response Efficacy ◽

Female Prostitute ◽

Hiv Seropositive ◽

Hiv Negative

To assess HIV risk behavior, beliefs, attitudes and intentions among HIV-seropositive drug users (DUs), we studied 122 HIV-positive DUs (including ninety-five current injectors) participating in a longitudinal HIV-study among DUs in Amsterdam. All were familiar with their serostatus. Over a period of four months, 20% of the sample put others at risk of HIV infection, mainly through unsafe sex. Forty-nine percent think they might infect someone with HIV in the future, again mainly through unsafe sex. Although the majority intends to use condoms, self-efficacy and response efficacy is low; that is, many do not think they are able to use condoms when necessary and many have limited confidence in the efficacy of condoms in preventing HIV transmission. Correlates of HIV risk behavior were non-Dutch nationality and being a female prostitute. The results suggest that, next to efforts which aim to prevent new infections among HIV-negative injectors or sexual partners of injectors, prevention efforts should focus on HIV-seropositive DUs or former DUs.

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Needle-sharing among young IV drug users and their social network members: The influence of the injection partner's characteristics on HIV risk behavior

Addictive Behaviors ◽

10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.12.007 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 31 (9) ◽

pp. 1607-1618 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Jennifer B. Unger ◽

Michele D. Kipke ◽

Christine J. De Rosa ◽

Justeen Hyde ◽

Anamara Ritt-Olson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Network ◽

Risk Behavior ◽

Hiv Risk ◽

Drug Users ◽

Hiv Risk Behavior ◽

Needle Sharing

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Changes in HIV/AIDS Risk Behaviors in Drug Users in St. Louis: Applications of Random Regression Models

Journal of Drug Issues ◽

10.1177/002204269702700213 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 399-416 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Timothy J. Gallagher ◽

Linda B. Cottler ◽

Wilson M. Compton ◽

Edward Spitznagel

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Risk Behavior ◽

Risk Behaviors ◽

Injection Drug Use ◽

Regression Models ◽

Drug Users ◽

Sexual Partners ◽

Random Regression ◽

Number Of Sexual Partners ◽

Hiv Aids

A National Institute on Drug Abuse demonstration project in AIDS prevention among drug users was conducted in St. Louis during the years 1990 through 1994. The main objective was to reduce the spread of HIV by counseling drug users and by improving drug-treatment programs in the area. A second objective was to examine the correlates of risk behavior. A structured interview was administered six times over an 18-month period. Of those persons assessed at baseline (n = 475), 95.0% (n = 451) were also reinterviewed in the last interview at 18 months. Both group and individual level changes in risk behavior were assessed using random regression models. We report on three potential risk behaviors for HIV/AIDS: (1) number of sexual partners, (2) frequency of condom use, and (3) injection drug use. For each risk behavior a separate statistical model was estimated. The results of the random regression models showed significant reductions in number of sexual partners and injection drug use. Additionally, a number of variables, such as perceived risk for AIDS and knowledge of HIV/AIDS, were statistically significant covariates of risk behavior.

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