Particle Size Analysis of Inorganic Dirt in Raw Wool

A method of analyzing the particle size of inorganic dirt in raw wool is described. This method was applied to 25 raw wool samples of different origin, type, fineness, and grease and ash content. The results show that the particle size distribution of inorganic dirt is monomodal and approaches a log-normal model. The distribution parameters such as geometric mean diameter and standard deviation were also evaluated. In all samples, the geometric mean diameter was in the range of 9 to 28 micrometers without any correlation with other raw wool characteristics.

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Assessment of Physical, Microstructural, Thermal, Techno-Functional, And Rheological Characteristics of Apple (Malus Domestica) Seeds of Northern Himalayas

10.21203/rs.3.rs-770178/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mehnaza Manzoor ◽

Jagmohan Singh

Keyword(s):

Energy Requirement ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

High Energy ◽

Particle Size Analysis ◽

Absorption Capacity ◽

Size Analysis ◽

Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽

Seed Flour ◽

Mean Diameter ◽

Golden Delicious

Abstract The study examined the physical, morphological, thermal, techno-functional, and rheological properties of two apple seed cultivars viz: red delicious (RD) and golden delicious (GD). Physical properties showed that red delicious seeds were significantly (p≤0.05) different in width, geometric mean diameter, arithmetic mean diameter, volume, and surface area than golden delicious seeds. The proximate composition of RD seed flour showed a higher amount of crude protein and fat content than GD seed flour. RD seed flour was significantly different in L*, a*, b* values, bulk density, water/oil absorption capacity and the emulsifying ability than GD seed flour. From particle size analysis it was possible to found that GD was significantly (p≤0.05) lower than RD flour macromolecules. Scanning electron micrographs showed oval/spherical starch granules of small size embedded in a continuous protein matrix. Thermograph revealed exothermic transition enthalpy for both RD and GD seed flour, which indicates a high energy requirement for crystallite melting. The rheological assays revealed high elastic modulus (G′), of seed flours that will help in modifying the texture of foods. This study suggests the potential of apple seeds in the formulation of protein-enriched foods to combat malnutrition while contributing to the reduction in industrial wastage.

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Size characteristics of soils and sediments with special reference to clay fractions

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr9790383 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 383 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

PH Walker ◽

J Hutka

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Size Fraction ◽

Particle Size Analysis ◽

Size Analysis ◽

Size Fractions ◽

Soils And Sediments ◽

Eastern Australia ◽

Fine Clay ◽

Lake Floor ◽

Log Normal

Soils and sediments from south-eastern Australia were examined to determine whether texture B horizons had distinctive and unique particle-size characteristics. Most texture B horizons had higher contents of fine clay (<0.2 �m) than coarse clay (0.2-2 �m), whereas coarse clay was the dominant clay-size fraction in A and C horizons. Sequences of soils in alluvium showed a systematic increase in particle-size differentiation with increasing stratigraphic age and corresponding increases in the proportion of fine clay in their B horizons. Pedologically unmodified, clay-rich sediments generally had lower contents of fine clay and higher contents of silt than B horizons. However, sediments of a lake floor and samples of argillans had clay-size fractions similar to B horizons. The distribution of fine clay in soils, determined here by centrifugal sedimentation, was poorly related to illuviated clay determined microscopically. Detailed particle-size data showed that texture B horizons were more enriched than adjacent horizons by a fraction with upper size limits between 0.25 and 0.5 �m. The greater the profile texture contrast, the more pronounced this enrichment became. The enriched clay-size fractions of these B horizons had the particle-size characteristics of log normal distributions. Within the clay-size range of texture B horizons, the fraction < 0.5 �m was the most directly related to surface area measurements made on dry soil samples. Sediments of a lake floor and samples of argillans had similar clay-size characteristics to soil B horizons. It was concluded that particle-size differentiation in these soils was related mainly to pedogenetic processes within the profile. However, the particle-size characteristics of texture B horizons are not unique. Criteria other than those based on particle-size analysis are therefore required to determine the relative importance of translocation and weathering.

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