What the COVID-19 Pandemic Teaches About the essential Practices of Community Corrections and Supervision

2021 ◽  
pp. 009385482110190
Author(s):  
Craig S. J. Schwalbe ◽  
Deborah Koetzle
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Video Conferencing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Remote Communication ◽  
Parole Officers ◽  
Probation And Parole ◽  
Integral Element ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Probation And Parole Officers ◽  
Supervision Strategies

The COVID-19 pandemic occurred in the midst of a reform movement in probation and parole supervision in the United States. Because social distancing orders created significant disruptions in probation and parole, the pandemic provides an opportunity to explore the innovative ways that probation and parole officers adjusted their supervision strategies with clients. We surveyed probation and parole officers in the United States ( N = 1,054; 65% female, 66% probation) in May–June 2020 about the supervision strategies they used with people on their caseloads before and immediately after the pandemic’s onset. Data indicate that overall rates of contact did not change, but that in-person contacts were replaced with remote communication strategies. Client access to electronic communication platforms, especially video conferencing, facilitated more frequent contact and more reliance on behavioral tactics and treatment-oriented case management approaches in the post-COVID period. Results reveal the potential role for video conferencing as an integral element of probation and parole reform.

The Need for Professional Education in Probation and Parole

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Senna
Keyword(s):  
Staff Development ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Professional Staff ◽  
Academic Programs ◽  
Professional Status ◽  
Parole Officers ◽  
Probation And Parole ◽  
University Level ◽  
Probation And Parole Officers ◽  
The University

While we know a great deal about the practice of probation and parole and about their place in the correctional process, we know virtually nothing about the kind of professional education that is best suited for probation and parole work and we have little information on the extent to which graduate-level opportunities are available. This article re- examines the tasks of probation and parole officers and relates them to the differing academic programs used by such personnel. Data from a na tional survey are used to demonstrate that probation and parole agencies have not supported Professional staff development. A number of ap proaches to improve graduate study for probation and parole officers, at both the agency and the university level, are described. Implementing these suggestions would help to attain the objectives of effective rehabili tation and higher professional status for community correction.

Prison Crowding: The Response of Probation and Parole

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Finn
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
District Of Columbia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Probation And Parole

A systemwide approach is needed to relieve the extensive prison crowding problems in the United States that reached its highest level in 1982, with 43,000 inmates added to the country's federal and state facilities. Interviews with 31 probation and parole officials in 30 states and the District of Columbia were conducted to determine the role these agencies are currently playing in the effort to alleviate prison crowding. The results indicate that there have been relatively few changes in probation programs designed to reduce prison crowding.

Predicting Health and Wellness Outcomes for Probation and Parole Officers: An Exploratory Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-591
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Denney ◽  
Allen Copenhaver ◽  
Angie Schwendau
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Health And Wellness ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Parole Officers ◽  
Probation And Parole ◽  
Fast Food Consumption ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Probation And Parole Officers

Probation and parole research in the late 1980s and early 1990s explored the negative health and wellness effects that officers may experience. However, little current research exists on health and wellness outcomes for probation and parole officers. Furthermore, little research has been conducted on the factors that may predict health and wellness for probation and parole officers. This study provides survey results of 342 probation and parole officers working for one probation and parole department in a southern U.S. state. Binary logistic regression results reveal officer age and tobacco use are significant predictors of officer injury. Moreover, sex, alcohol use, fast food consumption, sleep, and feeling in control of one’s job are significant predictors of self-reported officer depression. Policy implications for the above-mentioned findings and future directions for research are also discussed.

The Math and Science of Decarceration

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Austin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
National Level ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
Safety Concerns ◽  
Lengths Of Stay ◽  
Probation And Parole

Despite a growing consensus that “mass incarceration” in the United States has reached unacceptable levels, there has been little movement in its decline. National imprisonment rates seem to have stabilized and will remain so absent a major decarceration effort. To implement such a decarceration effort requires a strategic plan that will lower prison admissions and lengths of stay for all prisoners—especially those convicted of violent crimes. It will also need to reduce the more pervasive nature of other forms of correctional control (jails, probation, and parole). Such a strategy, which relies upon current and past policies, is entirely feasible. But to take hold on a national level, the plan must negate economic and public safety concerns that favor maintaining high imprisonment and correctional control rates.

Art departments in United States Public Libraries: the Principal Means

1987 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Mary Ashe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Visual Art ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Online Searching ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Integral Element ◽  
Art Departments

Only larger public libraries in the United States have distinct art departments; in a majority of these, visual art is combined with other arts subjects such as music and performing arts. Scope is broad, covering all aspects of art and reflecting the limitless interests of users and their need for both access to and the loan of material, and for information in answer to queries. Invariably, indexes and files are maintained to document local art. Responsibilities of the art librarian include encouraging users of the art department to be aware of complementary material in other departments, and ensuring that the art department serves the needs and abilities of a wide range of users. In recent years automation has contributed to the development of networking and cooperation; online searching is generally available within larger libraries but more usually through another department or section rather than as an integral element in the art department’s services. The automation of files of local art information has scarcely begun.

scholarly journals Examination of Noise Management Approaches in the United States

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert P. Berrens ◽  
Jeffrey S. DeWitt ◽  
Duane D. Baumann ◽  
Matthew E. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Noise Management
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