scholarly journals Let’s take it outside: Seeking alternative targets for expressing dissent at work when voice is suppressed

2021 ◽  
pp. 0143831X2110303
Author(s):  
Agnes Akkerman ◽  
Roderick Sluiter ◽  
Katerina Manevska
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Large N ◽  
Mobilization Theory ◽  
Worker Support ◽  
Support Conditions

This study examines what workers do when their supervisor is not responsive to their voice. Based on mobilization theory and theories on organizational dissent, the authors hypothesize alternatives for workers expressing discontent when their initial complaints are ignored or punished by their supervisor under various co-worker support conditions. The hypotheses are tested using a large- N dataset while applying a vignette design. The findings show that workers are less likely to (repeat) voice within the organization and more likely to seek help outside the organization when a supervisor threatens to punish future voice endeavours. Co-workers’ supportive and participative responses to voice increase the likelihood that workers keep their voice within the organization and have mixed effects on the likelihood that workers seek support elsewhere.

Modeling Intraindividual Variability in Three-Level Multilevel Models

Methodology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Nestler ◽  
Katharina Geukes ◽  
Mitja D. Back
Keyword(s):  
Multilevel Model ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Psychological Study ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Momentary Assessment

Abstract. The mixed-effects location scale model is an extension of a multilevel model for longitudinal data. It allows covariates to affect both the within-subject variance and the between-subject variance (i.e., the intercept variance) beyond their influence on the means. Typically, the model is applied to two-level data (e.g., the repeated measurements of persons), although researchers are often faced with three-level data (e.g., the repeated measurements of persons within specific situations). Here, we describe an extension of the two-level mixed-effects location scale model to such three-level data. Furthermore, we show how the suggested model can be estimated with Bayesian software, and we present the results of a small simulation study that was conducted to investigate the statistical properties of the suggested approach. Finally, we illustrate the approach by presenting an example from a psychological study that employed ecological momentary assessment.

Extremism Leads to Ostracism

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
Andrew H. Hales ◽  
Kipling D. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Social Connection ◽  
Mixed Effects Modeling ◽  
Activist Groups

Abstract. Ostracism has been shown to increase openness to extreme ideologies and groups. We investigated the consequences of this openness-to-extremity from the perspective of potential ostracizers. Does openness-to-extremity increase one’s prospects of being ostracized by others who are not affiliated with the extreme group? Participants rated willingness to ostracize 40 targets who belong to activist groups that vary in the type of goals/cause they support (prosocial vs. antisocial), and the extremity of their actions (moderate vs. extreme). Mixed-effects modeling showed that people are more willing to ostracize targets whose group engages in extreme actions. This effect was unexpectedly stronger for groups pursuing prosocial causes. It appears openness-to-extremity entails interpersonal cost, and could increase reliance on the extreme group for social connection.

Sensitivity analysis of sandwich beams and plates accounting for variable support conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Studziński ◽  
Z. Pozorski ◽  
A. Garstecki
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Adjoint Variable Method ◽  
Adjoint Variable ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
The Core ◽  
State Of Stress ◽  
Thin Steel ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Support Conditions ◽  
Variable Support

Abstract The paper addresses the problems of the sensitivity analysis and optimal design of multi-span sandwich panels with a soft core and flat thin steel facings. The response functional is formulated in a general form allowing wide practical applications. Sensitivity gradients of this functional with respect to dimensional, material and support parameters are derived using adjoint variable method. These operators account for the jump of the slope of a Timoshenko beam or a Reissner plate at the position of concentrated active load or reaction, thus extending the sensitivity operators known in literature. The jump of slope is the effect of shear deformation of the core. Special attention is focussed on sensitivity and optimisation allowing for variable support position and stiffness, because local phenomena observed in supporting area of sandwich plates often initiate failure mechanisms. Introducing optimally located elastic supports allows to reduce the unfavourable influence of temperature on the state of stress. Several examples illustrate the application of derived sensitivity operators and demonstrate their exactness

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