scholarly journals Disparities in Rural Tobacco Use, Smoke-Free Policies, and Tobacco Taxes

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1184-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Buettner-Schmidt ◽  
Donald R. Miller ◽  
Brody Maack
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rural Populations ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Tobacco Taxes ◽  
Policy Work ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

Tobacco use and exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) remain leading causes of preventable disease, disability, and mortality in the United States. Rural populations are among those being left behind in the recent declining smoking rates and have become a focus of discussions on tobacco-related disparities. This article describes tobacco-related disparities in rural populations including tobacco use, exposure to SHS, smoke-free policies, and tobacco taxes. Nurses, as social justice and tobacco control policy advocates, are needed especially at the local level, where much of the policy work occurs and where nursing’s voice is respected and can be powerful.

scholarly journals Our Homes, Our Health: Strategies, Insight, and Resources to Support Smoke-Free Multiunit Housing

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 110S-117S
Author(s):  
Kristen E. Ortega ◽  
Holly Mata
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
The United States ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Secondhand Smoke Exposure ◽  
Smoke Free Policy ◽  
Multiunit Housing

Tobacco use remains the single most preventable cause of disease, disability, and death in the United States. Almost 500,000 people die every year in the United States because of tobacco use; approximately one in eight of those deaths are attributable to secondhand smoke exposure. Significant disparities exist in terms of which groups bear the greatest burden of tobacco-related illness and mortality. Reducing tobacco use and exposure in groups most affected and most at risk is a national public health priority. Tobacco control advocates can promote health equity by prioritizing policies that are likely to decrease tobacco use and secondhand smoke exposure and improve access to tobacco cessation resources among populations most at risk for tobacco-related disparities, including people who live in subsidized multiunit housing. In this article, we share the context, process, key milestones, and lessons learned as stakeholders in El Paso, Texas explored and implemented smoke-free policy in subsidized public housing. Partners including the local housing authority, a nonprofit health foundation, the local public health department, and a local university facilitated a thoughtful and community-engaged process that acknowledged the right of residents to breathe clean air in their own homes, potential challenges residents who choose to smoke may face in adapting to smoke-free policy, and the need for support for those who choose to quit. We conclude with five key lessons learned and share resources for other communities, health professionals, and coalitions advocating for and supporting smoke-free housing policy in their communities.

scholarly journals Voluntary Smoke-Free Measures Among Oklahoma Nightlife Owners: Barriers and Facilitators

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-205
Author(s):  
Carson Benowitz-Fredericks ◽  
Julia McQuoid ◽  
Nicolas Sheon ◽  
Sarah Olson ◽  
Pamela M. Ling
Keyword(s):  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Cessation ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Employee Health ◽  
Level Playing Field ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

Smoke-free policies prevent exposure to secondhand smoke and encourage tobacco cessation. Local smoke-free policies that are more comprehensive than statewide policies are not allowed in states with preemption, including Oklahoma, which has the sixth highest smoking prevalence in the United States. In states with preemption, voluntary smoke-free measures are encouraged, but little research exists on venue owners’ and managers’ views of such measures, particularly in nightlife businesses such as bars and nightclubs. This article draws from semistructured interviews with 23 Oklahoma bar owners and managers, examining perceived risks and benefits of adopting voluntary smoke-free measures in their venues. No respondents expressed awareness of preemption. Many reported that smoke-free bars and nightclubs were an inevitable societal trend, particularly as younger customers increasingly expected smoke-free venues. Business benefits such as decreased operating and cleaning costs, improved atmosphere, and employee efficiency were more convincing than improved employee health. Concerns that voluntary measures created an uneven playing field among venues competing for customers formed a substantial barrier to voluntary measures. Other barriers included concerns about lost revenue and fear of disloyalty to customers, particularly older smokers. Addressing business benefits and a level playing field may increase support for voluntary smoke-free nightlife measures.

Association of Tobacco Use and Exposure to Secondhand Smoke With Suicide Attempts Among Adolescents: Findings From 33 Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1322-1329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Lange ◽  
Ai Koyanagi ◽  
Jürgen Rehm ◽  
Michael Roerecke ◽  
André F Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

Abstract Introduction There is evidence to suggest that tobacco use is associated with suicide attempts. However, it is unclear whether such an association can be extended to include secondhand smoke exposure. Using nationally representative data of school-attending adolescents from 33 countries, we examined the association of tobacco use and exposure to secondhand smoke with suicide attempts. Methods We used data from the Global School–based Student Health Survey, a cross-sectional survey conducted among adolescents 12–15 years of age. We used logistic regression to estimate the country-specific associations. We then conducted random effect meta-analyses to obtain overall and country-income level pooled estimates. Lastly, we used logistic regression analyses to investigate a dose–response association of cigarette smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke with suicide attempts. Results A positive association between tobacco use and suicide attempts among adolescents was present regardless of country-income level (low income: odds ratio 4.98, 95% CI: 3.11–7.96; lower middle income: 3.47, 2.91–4.15; upper middle income: 3.09, 2.75–3.47; and high income: 3.18, 2.63–3.84) and gender (boys: 3.28, 2.86–3.76; girls: 3.86, 3.30–4.51). Exposure to secondhand smoke was associated with suicide attempts, albeit weakly, among girls only (1.26, 1.14–1.39; boys: 1.00, 0.87–1.15). There was some evidence that a dose–response association of cigarette smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke with suicide attempts may only exist among girls. Conclusions Adolescents who use tobacco, and adolescent girls exposed to secondhand smoke were found to be more likely to attempt suicide; however, future longitudinal studies are warranted to assess causality. Implications Our findings indicate that routine screening of adolescents for tobacco use should be implemented globally, especially when assessing suicidal behaviors and risk. Future longitudinal and intervention studies are warranted to assess causality and whether prevention efforts such as tobacco control interventions and programmes targeting tobacco use and exposure to secondhand smoke among adolescents could ultimately lead to a reduction in the occurrence of suicide attempts.

scholarly journals THE IMPORTANCE AND ATTITUDE OF ADOLESCENTS TO SMOKING

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6(56)) ◽  
pp. 9-10
Author(s):  
A.A. Babaeva
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

Tobacco use is an important public health problem. According to various authors, the prevalence of smoking varies considerably. In the average large Russian cities of adolescence and adolescence, 37% of boys and 25.5% of girls smoke. Objective of the study: to study the prevalence and causes of smoking among schoolchildren. Research methods: anonymous questioning of students in grades 7-11 of a comprehensive school. The results of the study demonstrate the need to raise awareness of the child population about the health risks of smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke, as well as to promote a healthy lifestyle.

scholarly journals Home Tobacco Use Policies and Exposure to Secondhand Tobacco Smoke: Findings from Waves 1 through 4 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9719
Author(s):  
Cheryl Rivard ◽  
Anthony Brown ◽  
Karin Kasza ◽  
Maansi Bansal-Travers ◽  
Andrew Hyland
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
The United States ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽  
Protective Measure ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Population Assessment ◽  
Secondhand Tobacco Smoke

Background: The 2006 Surgeon General’s Report recommended the elimination of smoking in homes as an effective protective measure against the harmful effects of secondhand tobacco smoke exposure. This study aims to examine trends in the prevalence and levels of the adoption of home tobacco use policies specifically for cigarettes, e-cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, and the relationships between home tobacco use policies and self-reported exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke. Methods: This study utilizes data from Wave 1 (2013–2014) through Wave 4 (2016–2018) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, a large prospective cohort study of youths and adults in the United States which collected information about both smoke-free and tobacco-free home policies. We present the weighted, population-based, self-reported prevalence of home tobacco use policies overall and by product, and the average number of self-reported hours of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure by levels of home tobacco policy and by survey wave. In addition, we examine the characteristics of those who adopted (by yes or no) a home tobacco use ban between survey waves. Results: We found a high prevalence of completely tobacco-free home policies (69.5%). However, 10.6% of adults allow the use of any type of tobacco product inside their homes, and 19.8% have a policy allowing the use of some types of tobacco products and banning the use of others. Adults with a complete tobacco use ban inside their homes were more likely to be nonusers of tobacco (79.9%); living with children in the home (71.8%); at or above the poverty level (70.8%); non-white (76.0%); Hispanic (82.7%); and aged 45 or older (71.9%). The adoption of 100% tobacco-free home policies is associated with a 64% decrease in secondhand smoke exposure among youths and a 69% decrease in exposure among adults. Conclusions: Most US adults have implemented tobacco-free home policies; however, there is still exposure to SHS in the home, for both adults and children, particularly in the homes of tobacco users. Additional research should investigate tobacco-free home policies for different types of products and what effect they have on future tobacco use behaviors.

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