Relationship between maxillary posterior molar roots and the maxillary sinus floor: Cone-beam computed tomography analysis of a western Chinese population

Objective This study aimed to assess the positional relationships between the maxillary sinus and the first and second molars in a western Chinese population by using cone-beam computed tomography. Methods This study included 212 patients (652 maxillary molars and 1956 roots). Patient demographics (sex and age) and cone-beam computed tomography data regarding the relationship between molar roots and the maxillary sinus were obtained. This relationship was stratified into four types for statistical analysis. Results Sex and side did not significantly influence the distance between maxillary molar roots and the maxillary sinus. However, the distance between maxillary molar roots and the maxillary sinus increased with age. The mesiobuccal root of the second molar was nearest to the maxillary sinus. The most common relationship type involved absence of root contact with the sinus border and presence of a maxillary sinus cross-section above the root apex. Conclusions Compared with other teeth, the maxillary posterior teeth have a complex anatomical structure and are closely related to the sinus. These findings may serve as reference information for root canal treatment, tooth extraction, dental implant, and other dental clinical procedures among patients in western China.

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Study of Anatomical Relationship between Posterior Teeth and Maxillary Sinus Floor in a Subpopulation of the Brazilian Central Region Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography - Part 2

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440201600679 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 9-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Carlos Estrela ◽

Carla A. B. C. M. Nunes ◽

Orlando Aguirre Guedes ◽

Ana Helena G. Alencar ◽

Cynthia R. A. Estrela ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Maxillary Sinus ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Posterior Teeth ◽

Second Molar ◽

Anatomical Relationship ◽

Maxillary Sinus Floor ◽

Sinus Floor ◽

Root Apices

Abstract This study evaluated the anatomical relationship between posterior teeth root apices and maxillary sinus floor (MSF) on 202 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) exams. The distance between the root apices and the MSF, as well as the MSF thickness of the cortical bone closest to root apices and furcation regions were measured. The vertical and horizontal relationships of the MSF with the molar roots were classified into categories adapted from the criteria proposed by Kwak et al. (14). The shortest distances between MSF and the root apices were observed in the mesiobuccal root of the second molar (0.36±1.17 mm) and the palatal root of the first molar (0.45±1.10 mm) and the widest in buccal roots of the first premolars (5.47±4.43 mm). Significant differences were observed between the distance of MSF to the root apices of single-rooted first and second premolars. The cortical thickness ranged from 0.65±0.41 mm over the mesiobuccal root of the second molar to 1.28±0.42 mm over the buccal root of the first premolar. The most observed vertical and horizontal relationships were type II and 2H, respectively. The maxillary molar roots showed greater proximity to the MSF. The thickness of the MSF cortical bone closest to the apices and furcation regions was found to be similar only for premolars.

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Morphometric study of the adult maxillary sinus using cone beam computed tomography

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus Medical series ◽

10.29235/1814-6023-2021-18-1-7-15 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 7-15

Author(s):

S. L. Kabak ◽

N. A. Savrasova ◽

Yu. M. Melnichenko ◽

N. V. Zhuravleva ◽

R. S. Mekhtiev

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Maxillary Sinus ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Morphometric Study ◽

Posterior Teeth ◽

Second Molar ◽

Maxillary Sinus Volume ◽

Linear Dimensions ◽

Significant Difference

The aim of the study was to determine the range of maxillary sinus volume and linear dimensions in adults, taking into account the gender and the side of the location using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.This study used the CBCT images of 136 patients (263 maxillary sinuses), who were presented to Minsk health facilities, with dental and maxillary sinus pathologies, aged over 20 years with no history of upper jaw surgery and with the presence of upper posterior teeth (from the first premolar to the second molar inclusive). The height, depth and width of the sinus weremeasured manually on CBCT scans. The maxillary sinus volume (V) was calculated by the formula: V = height × depth × 1/3 width.The volume of the maxillary sinus was varied from 5.53 to 24.03 cm3. The mean values of the sinus width, height and depth were 27.13 ± 3.83 mm, 35.83 ± 4.36 mm, and 38.98 ± 3.38 mm respectively.Despite a high variability of the maxillary sinus volume values, we did not find a statistically significant difference between the right and left sides in both males and females. The maxillary sinus linear dimensions and volume in females were statistically significantly less than in males.

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Intrusion of maxillary molar roots into the maxillary sinus in a sample of the Egyptian population using cone beam computed tomography

Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine ◽

10.1186/s43055-021-00540-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Esraa Ahmed Eid ◽

Fatma Mostafa El-Badawy ◽

Walaa Mohamed Hamed

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Maxillary Sinus ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Third Molar ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Egyptian Population ◽

Maxillary Molar ◽

Maxillary Sinus Floor ◽

Sinus Floor ◽

The Right

Abstract Background The proximity of the maxillary sinus floor to the maxillary molar roots increases the probability of oroantral communication on conducting any surgical or endodontic procedure in the involved area. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between each maxillary molar root and maxillary sinus floor using cone beam computed tomography. Predicting the probability of protrusion of each root into the sinus will consequently predict the probability of occurrence of the oroantral fistula in a sample of the Egyptian population. Results The total number of roots located outside the sinus was 121 (35.3%), while those contacting the sinus floor were 80 (23.3%) and those intruded the sinus were 141 (41.2%). The percentage of root intrusion into the sinus in males (56.9%) was significantly (p = 0.01) higher than females (42.9%). The probability of root intrusion in the left molars (54.2%) was non-significantly (p = 0.067) higher than that of the right side (44.3%). As for the type of tooth, the second molar showed the highest probability of root intrusion into the sinus (55.3%) followed by the third molars (52.6%) then the first molars (40.9). According to the type of root, the mesiobuccal root showed the highest probability of intrusion into the sinus (50.9%) followed by the palatal root (49.1%) then the distobuccal root (47.4%). However, the difference in both type of tooth and type of root was statistically non-significant (p = 0.051 and 0.869 respectively). As for the individual root with the highest probability of intrusion, the mesio-buccal root of the right third molar is the most frequent root to intrude the sinus (71.4%) and the mesio-buccal root of the right first molar is the least frequent (22.7%). Conclusions In a sample of the Egyptian population, males exhibit higher probability of root protrusion into the sinus than females. The side and type of tooth are of higher impact on the probability of its intrusion into the sinus compared to the type of root. Left second molars are at a higher risk of oroantral communications on surgical or endodontic procedures compared to other molars due to its highest probability of intrusion into the sinus.

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Proximity of Posterior Teeth to the Maxillary Sinus and Buccal Bone Thickness: A Biometric Assessment Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography

Journal of Endodontics ◽

10.1016/j.joen.2015.08.011 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 41 (11) ◽

pp. 1839-1846 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Sung Hyun Kang ◽

Bom Sahn Kim ◽

Yemi Kim

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Maxillary Sinus ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Bone Thickness ◽

Posterior Teeth

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Prevalence of Root Canal Configuration of Mandibular Second Molar Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in a Sample of Iraqi Patients

Polytechnic Journal ◽

10.25156/ptj.v11n1y2021.pp22-26 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 22-26

Author(s):

Hiwa S. Khidir ◽

Saud J. Dizayee ◽

Sangar H. Ali

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Root Canal ◽

Root Resorption ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Posterior Teeth ◽

Second Molar ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Mandibular Second Molar

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to find out the prevalence of C-shaped canals configurations in mandibular 2nd molar and to investigate the gender prevalence. Materials and Methods: A sample of 1200 patients’ cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were screened and evaluated by a maxillofacial radiologist assessed the axial, sagittal, and coronal sections. Inclusion criteria applied to 801 patients (452 females and 349 male) aged 14–75 years were included in this study with total of 1567 mandibular 2nd molar was evaluated. Inclusion criteria: Available CBCT images of mandibular posterior teeth with at least one mandibular 2nd molar in the scan, absence of root canal treatment, absence of coronal or post coronal restorations, absence of root resorption or periapical lesions, and high-quality images. Canal configuration was classified by criteria’s which described by Fan et al. (2004): (i) Fused roots, (ii) a longitudinal groove on the buccal or lingual surface of the root, and (iii) at least one cross-section of the canal belongs to the C1, C2, or C3 configuration. Results: Considering 801 patients, 97 (12.1%) patients females 57 (7.1%) and 40 (5%) males had a C-shaped canal with no statistical difference between females and males (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The occurrence of C- shaped canal mandibular 2nd molar is approximately 12.1% and no significant difference was found by gender.

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Distances from the root apices of posterior teeth to the maxillary sinus and mandibular canal in patients with skeletal open bite: A cone-beam computed tomography study

Imaging Science in Dentistry ◽

10.5624/isd.2017.47.3.157 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 157 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Werinpimol Kosumarl ◽

Virush Patanaporn ◽

Dhirawat Jotikasthira ◽

Apirum Janhom

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Maxillary Sinus ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Mandibular Canal ◽

Open Bite ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Posterior Teeth ◽

Skeletal Open Bite ◽

Root Apices

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Correlation Between the Extension of the Maxillary Sinus Floor and Malocclusion in Adolescent Patients Using a Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

10.21203/rs.3.rs-24047/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

min xu ◽

xiaoxiao zhang ◽

jiacai he ◽

xinxing guo ◽

yuanyuan sang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Maxillary Sinus ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam ◽

High Angle ◽

Root Tips ◽

Second Molar ◽

Skeletal Malocclusion ◽

Sinus Floor ◽

Average Angle

Abstract Background: The correlation between extension of the maxillary sinus floor and vertical facial skeletal patterns is important for designing orthodontic treatment plans. We correlated the extension of the maxillary sinus (MS) floor with different facial skeletal malocclusion in adolescent patients aged 10-19 years old using a cone-beam computed tomography. Methods: The relationship between the root tips of upper posterior teeth and the sinus floor was typed and scored (0-4) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Scores of each tooth and each patient were formulated.The cephalometric radiographs were analyzed with Dolphin software to diagnose patients' facial skeletal types into three groups according to Frankfort mandibular plane angle (FMA) as high-angle, average-angle and low-angle groups and ANB angle as Class I, Class II and Class III groups separately. The influences caused by age, sex, and facial skeletal malocclusion on the tooth and patient score were analyzed. Results: In high-angle group, the first molar (FM) score was significantly higher than that in the average-angle and low-angle groups (P = 0.018). Age has a positive effect on the patient score and some of the tooth scores, such as the second premolar (SPM) score, FM score, and the second molar (SM) score, and in the skeletal facial malocclusion. With increasing age, SM score increased along with the Frankfort mandibular plane angle (FMA). No significant difference was found in the distribution of patient and tooth scores by ANB angles. Conclusion: The relationship between the maxillary posterior roots and the sinus floor is correlated with facial skeletal malocclusion in 10- to 19-year-old adolescents. More first molar root tips were inside the sinus in the high-angle group compared with the average-angle and low-angle skeletal patterns. With advancing age, more second molar root tips were more close to contact the sinus floor in the high-angle group. Consideration of the root-sinus position in the posterior maxillary area before establishing an orthodontic treatment plan is recommended.

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Correlation Between the Extension of the Maxillary Sinus Floor and Malocclusion in Adolescent Patients Using a Cone-beam Computed Tomography

10.21203/rs.3.rs-66905/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Min Xu ◽

Xiaoxiao Zhang ◽

Jiacai He ◽

Xinxing Guo ◽

Yuanyuan Sang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Maxillary Sinus ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam ◽

High Angle ◽

Root Tips ◽

Second Molar ◽

Skeletal Malocclusion ◽

Sinus Floor ◽

Average Angle

Abstract Background: The correlation between extension of the maxillary sinus floor and vertical facial skeletal patterns is important for designing orthodontic treatment plans. We correlated the extension of the maxillary sinus (MS) floor with different facial skeletal malocclusion in adolescent patients aged 10-19 years old using a cone-beam computed tomography. Methods: The relationship between the root tips of upper posterior teeth and the sinus floor was typed and scored (0-4) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Scores of each tooth and each patient were formulated. The cephalometric radiographs were analyzed with Dolphin software to diagnose patients' facial skeletal types into three groups according to Frankfort mandibular plane angle (FMA) as high-angle, average-angle and low-angle groups and ANB angle as Class I, Class II and Class III groups separately. The influences caused by age, sex, and facial skeletal malocclusion on the tooth and patient score were analyzed. Results: In high-angle group, the first molar (FM) score was significantly higher than that in the average-angle and low-angle groups (P = 0.018). Age has a positive effect on the patient score and some of the tooth scores, such as the second premolar (SPM) score, FM score, and the second molar (SM) score, and in the skeletal facial malocclusion. With increasing age, SM score increased along with FMA angles. No significant difference was found in the distribution of patient and tooth scores by ANB angles. Conclusion: The relationship between the maxillary posterior roots and the sinus floor is correlated with facial skeletal malocclusion in 10- to 19-year-old adolescents. More first molar root tips were inside the sinus in the high-angle group compared with the average-angle and low-angle skeletal patterns. With advancing age, more second molar root tips were more close to contact the sinus floor in the high-angle group. Consideration of the root-sinus position of the posterior maxillary area in different skeletal malocclusion before establishing an orthodontic treatment plan is recommended.

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