scholarly journals Severe Dehydration and Acute Renal Failure Associated with External Ventricular Drainage of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Children

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 659-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Simpson ◽  
M. Yung ◽  
A. Slater
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
External Ventricular Drainage ◽  
Ventricular Drainage ◽  
Severe Dehydration

scholarly journals High-Dosage Cefazolin Achieves Sufficient Cerebrospinal Diffusion To Treat an External Ventricular Drainage-Related Staphylococcus aureus Ventriculitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. e01844-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Grégoire ◽  
Benjamin Gaborit ◽  
Colin Deschanvres ◽  
Raphaël Lecomte ◽  
Guillaume Deslandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Continuous Infusion ◽  
External Ventricular Drainage ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Ventricular Drainage ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT A patient received continuous infusion of cefazolin 10 g then 8 g daily for an external ventricular drainage-related methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) ventriculitis. Median free concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid were 11.9 and 6.1 mg/liter after 10- and 8-g doses, respectively. Free concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid were always above the MIC usually displayed by methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) isolates. These results support the use of high-dose cefazolin to achieve sufficient meningeal concentrations.

External Ventricular Drainage

2018 ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
Nitin Agarwal ◽  
Andrew F. Ducruet
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
External Ventricular Drain ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
External Ventricular Drainage ◽  
Postoperative Management ◽  
Ventricular Drainage ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Diversion ◽  
Lumbar Drain

External ventricular drainage, or ventriculostomy, refers to surgical placement of a catheter into the ventricle to achieve temporary cerebrospinal fluid diversion and remains one of the most frequently performed neurosurgical interventions. External ventricular drainage is an essential therapeutic strategy for a myriad of neurological disease processes causing hydrocephalus or increased intracranial pressure including traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and intracranial hemorrhage with intraventricular extension. In select cases, lumbar drains may provide a suitable alterative to an external ventricular drain (EVD). Complications related to both EVD and lumbar drain placement include malfunction, infection, and hemorrhage. This chapter reviews the indications, surgical technique, postoperative management strategies, and potential complications associated with external ventricular drainage.

Decreased Lithium Disposition to Cerebrospinal Fluid in Rats with Glycerol-induced Acute Renal Failure

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 2243-2249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rie Sakae ◽  
Atsuko Ishikawa ◽  
Tomoko Niso ◽  
Yukiko Komori ◽  
Tetsuya Aiba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Acute Renal Failure

scholarly journals Accumulation of uremic solutes in the cerebrospinal fluid in experimental acute renal failure

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (2) ◽  
pp. F296-F302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert DeWolfe Mair ◽  
Huy Nguyen ◽  
Ting-Ting Huang ◽  
Natalie S. Plummer ◽  
Tammy L. Sirich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Csf Levels ◽  
Operation Control ◽  
Uremic Solutes ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Plasma Ultrafiltrate

The accumulation of uremic solutes in kidney failure may impair mental function. The present study profiled the accumulation of uremic solutes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in acute renal failure. CSF and plasma ultrafiltrate were obtained from rats at 48 h after sham operation (control; n = 10) or bilateral nephrectomy ( n = 10) and analyzed using an established metabolomic platform. Two hundred forty-eight solutes were identified as uremic based on their accumulation in the plasma ultrafiltrate of nephrectomized compared with control rats. CSF levels of 124 of these solutes were sufficient to allow calculation of CSF-to-plasma ultrafiltrate concentration ratios. Levels of many of the uremic solutes were normally lower in the CSF than in the plasma ultrafiltrate, indicating exclusion of these solutes from the brain. CSF levels of the great majority of the uremic solutes increased in renal failure. The increase in the CSF was, however, relatively less than in the plasma ultrafiltrate for most solutes. In particular, for the 31 uremic solutes with CSF-to-plasma ultrafiltrate ratios of <0.25 in control rats, the average CSF-to-plasma ultrafiltrate ratio decreased from 0.13 ± 0.07 in control rats to 0.09 ± 0.06 in nephrectomized rats, revealing sustained ability to exclude these solutes from the brain. In summary, levels of many uremic solutes are normally kept lower in the CSF than in the plasma ultrafiltrate by the action of the blood-brain and blood-CSF barriers. These barriers remain functional but cannot prevent accumulation of uremic solutes in the CSF when the kidneys fail.

Cerebrospinal fluid antibiotic levels during treatment of shunt infections

1980 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L. Wald ◽  
Robert L. McLaurin
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
External Ventricular Drainage ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt ◽  
Ventricular Drainage ◽  
Antibiotic Concentration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Intraventricular Injections ◽  
Shunt Infections ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Twenty patients with documented cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections were treated with daily intraventricular injections of methicillin, cephalothin, or gentamicin without removal of the shunt or external ventricular drainage. Periodic determinations of intraventricular antibiotic concentration revealed significant levels in relation to the established minimum inhibitory concentration in all cases.

scholarly journals A hyponatraemia ritka oka: McKittrick–Wheelock-szindróma

2017 ◽  
Vol 158 (18) ◽  
pp. 711-714
Author(s):  
Rita Nagy ◽  
Csaba Márkus ◽  
László Jáger ◽  
Csaba Tóth ◽  
Zoltán Lőcsei
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Watery Diarrhoea ◽  
Severe Dehydration ◽  
Tubulovillous Adenoma ◽  
Medical Wards

Abstract: Authors present a case of acute renal failure and hyponatraemia caused by a secretory tubulovillous adenoma of the colon, the rare so called McKittrick-Wheelock syndrome. A 75 year old woman was in need of treatment many times on medical wards because of watery diarrhoea, severe dehydration, hydroelectrolyte disturbance. The authors keep their case to be worthy to present, owing to the syndrome’s rarity and difficulties of differential diagnosis. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(18): 711–714.

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