scholarly journals Changing Patterns in Volatile Anaesthetic Agent Consumption over Seven Years in Victorian Public Hospitals

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 579-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Weinberg ◽  
S. Tay ◽  
V. Aykanat ◽  
R. Segal ◽  
C. O. Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Volatile Anaesthetic ◽  
Volatile Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
Changing Patterns

scholarly journals Fluothane: A Non-explosive Volatile Anaesthetic Agent

BMJ ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 2 (4999) ◽  
pp. 969-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bryce-Smith ◽  
H. D. O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
Volatile Anaesthetic ◽  
Volatile Anaesthetic Agent

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Three Volatile Anaesthetic Agent Monitors

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Ilsley ◽  
J. L. Plummer ◽  
W. B. Runciman ◽  
M. J. Cousins
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
Volatile Anaesthetic ◽  
Anesthetic Agent ◽  
Anaesthetic Agents ◽  
Volatile Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
Source Signal ◽  
Rate Of Response

Three volatile anaesthetic agent monitors (Datex Normac Anesthetic Agent Monitor, Engstrom Emma Multigas Monitor and Penlon Halothane Meter) were evaluated for the effects of nitrous oxide or water vapour, and for their linearity, stability, and rate of response to a change in concentration of various anaesthetic agents under simulated working conditions. None was affected by nitrous oxide, and only the Engstrom Emma was affected by water vapour. Linearity was satisfactory for all three devices but stability, with respect to zero and gain drift, was satisfactory only for the Datex Normac and Penlon Meter. Rates of response for 10% to 90% of source signal ranged from 0.8 seconds for the Datex Normac to about three seconds for the Penlon Meter.

scholarly journals The blood–gas partition coefficient

2020 ◽  
pp. S8-S11
Author(s):  
E Bezuidenhout
Keyword(s):  
Partition Coefficient ◽  
Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Volatile Anaesthetic ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Volatile Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
High Partial Pressure ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Anaesthetic Action ◽  
Volatile Agents

A partition coefficient (λ) describes the relative affinity of a volatile anaesthetic for two phases and how that anaesthetic distributes itself between the two phases when equilibrium has been achieved. The blood–gas partition coefficient (λb/g), or Ostwald coefficient for blood–gas, is a pharmacological term used to describe the solubility of a volatile anaesthetic agent. Volatile agents with a low blood–gas partition coefficient (less soluble) will exert a high partial pressure and produce a more rapid onset and offset of anaesthetic action.

scholarly journals Hazards of Anaesthetic Scavenging: Case Reports and Brief Review

1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. O'Connor ◽  
B. W. Daniels ◽  
J. Pfitzner
Keyword(s):  
Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Volatile Anaesthetic ◽  
Mechanical Ventilator ◽  
Relief Valve ◽  
First Case ◽  
Volatile Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
Accidental Overdose ◽  
And Function

Two cases are presented of misadventure occurring in association with the use of anaesthetic scavenging equipment. The first case demonstrates how easily the scavenging line linking the venting port of a mechanical ventilator to the scavenging interface can become accidentally obstructed. The second case suggests that the proper use of scavenging equipment will effectively eliminate any possibility of recognising by smell an accidental overdose of volatile anaesthetic agent. Previous reports of scavenging hazards are briefly reviewed. It is concluded from this review that scavenging suction should be‘low-vacuum’, that a relief valve must be included in the scavenging pathway proximal to any site of potential obstruction, and that the appearance and function of a scavenging interface must be simple and immediately obvious.

scholarly journals Closed Circuit Anaesthesia in Ventilated Patients using the Komesaroff Vaporizer within the Circle

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 558-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Bewley ◽  
R. J. Eltringham ◽  
P. Sanderson
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
Closed Circuit ◽  
Oxygen Requirement ◽  
Volatile Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
Anaesthetic Gases ◽  
Inhalational Anaesthesia ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Ventilated Patients

A study was undertaken to assess the performance of the Komesaroff vaporizer, placed within the circuit, in ventilated patients during maintenance of closed circuit anaesthesia with halothane or isoflurane. Following intravenous induction, anaesthesia was maintained by inhalation. This was achieved using a conventional vaporizer outside the circle for the first 10 minutes to manage the fast uptake phase. The fresh gas flow was then reduced to the basal oxygen requirement with the Komesaroff vaporizer within the circle maintaining inhalational anaesthesia. Complete isolation of the circuit was achieved by returning all anaesthetic gases to the circuit following analysis and using a bag-in-bottle ventilator. The Komesaroff vaporizer dial was positioned at between the first and second division and end-tidal volatile anaesthetic agent levels were measured. This study demonstrated that at dial positions I or 1.5 with either agent, the end-tidal volatile concentration plateaued at clinically acceptable levels. The Komesaroff vaporizer can therefore be used safely in ventilated patients to maintain closed circuit anaesthesia provided clinical observation and monitoring are meticulous.

scholarly journals Sevoflurane and its use in veterinary practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 309
Author(s):  
G. I. MANTZIARAS (Γ. ΜΑΝΤΖΙΑΡΑΣ) ◽  
N. KOSTOMTSOPOULOS (Ν. ΚΩΣΤΟΜΗΤΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ) ◽  
D. RAPTOPOULOS (Δ. ΡΑΠΤΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Volatile Anaesthetic ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Isopropyl Ether ◽  
Veterinary Practice ◽  
Anaesthetic Agents ◽  
Continuous Progress ◽  
Physical And Chemical

In clinical practice die anaesthetist often faces die dilemma of choosing die best fitting agem from a wide variety of injectable and volatile anaesdietic drugs. Meanwhile, die continuous progress of anaesthesiology offers new drugs and modern Techniques, making die final choice even more difficult. Sevoflurane is a new volatile anaesthetic agent, which is nowadays increasingly used in veterinary anaesthesia. It is a fluorinated derivative of methyl- isopropyl-ether. At room temperature it is a non-flammable, non-explosive, colourless liquid, with a pleasant smell. The aim of this review article is to present the basic attributes of sevoflurane and its use in veterinary practice. Its most important physical and chemical properties and their clinical implications, as well as its pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, metabolism and potential toxicity are presented. Furthermore, sevoflurane is compared with other commonly used volatile anaesthetic agents and its use in anaesthesia of various companion, large and laboratory animals is discussed. Examples of sevoflurane administration, and of possible combinations with other drugs used in veterinary anaesthesia, are also given.

scholarly journals Efficacy of inhaled methoxyflurane for procedural analgesia in paediatric burns: a pilot study

2020 ◽  
pp. 235-239
Author(s):  
MA Wellbeloved ◽  
R Parkhurst ◽  
KH Keeling
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Initial Exposure ◽  
Sole Agent ◽  
Volatile Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
Paediatric Burns ◽  
Prospective Case Series

Background: Methoxyflurane (MF), a volatile anaesthetic agent is known for its analgesic properties in sub anaesthetic concentrations. It has been used as an analgesic agent for short procedures in both adults and children in the prehospital setting and in the emergency department. We conducted a pilot study to investigate the use of MF for burn dressing changes in children. Methods: A prospective case series was conducted in the paediatric burns ward amongst children aged 4–9 years. During burns dressing changes MF was administered using a hand-held patient-controlled device. An investigator monitored vital signs together with pain scores, sedation levels and levels of satisfaction of staff. Results: Twelve patients were enrolled for the study. The majority of the burn wounds were classified as partial-thickness wounds. Methoxyflurane was used as the sole agent for analgesia and sedation for the procedure. No major adverse events were noted. Analgesia and sedation levels were sufficient and appropriate respectively for the majority of the patients during the initial exposure of the wound and the application of the new dressing. However, during the scrubbing of the burn wound analgesia and sedation proved insufficient in four and seven of the patients respectively. Conclusion: In our setting the use of MF for inpatient burn wound dressing changes may be insufficient as a sole agent in the paediatric patient. We suggest it may be used as an adjunct to current practice. Further, larger studies are required to delineate the appropriate role MF can play in the paediatric burns setting.

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