Effects of Maintenance Human Factors in Maintenance-Related Aircraft Accidents

1996 ◽  
Vol 1517 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Dorn
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Aircraft Accidents ◽  
Causal Factors ◽  
Process Level

To help prevent maintenance-related aircraft accidents the complex factors behind previous accidents must be understood. Maintenance-related aircraft accidents were studied to determine the effects of maintenance human factors. A taxonomy of causal factors was developed and used to classify the causes of 101 military and civilian accidents and to determine the frequency of occurrence for each factor. The taxonomy identifies elements, such as people and hardware, interfaces between elements (i.e., human factors), and maintenance processes comprised of elements and interfaces. Human factors were found to have a significant effect in the 86 military and 15 civilian maintenance-related accidents studied. Whereas investigation boards were found to focus most heavily on element failures, a majority of the failures were found to occur at the process level. Maintenance instructions and their interfaces with the maintainers and inspectors who use them were the most frequently failed elements and interfaces, respectively. Recommendations are made to guide further research, and ideas are provided for improving process analysis by maintenance units and investigation boards.

An Application of the HFACS Method to Aviation Accidents in Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Munene
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Flight Training ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Causal Factors ◽  
Aviation Accidents ◽  
Factors Analysis ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Decision Errors

Abstract. The Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) methodology was applied to accident reports from three African countries: Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa. In all, 55 of 72 finalized reports for accidents occurring between 2000 and 2014 were analyzed. In most of the accidents, one or more human factors contributed to the accident. Skill-based errors (56.4%), the physical environment (36.4%), and violations (20%) were the most common causal factors in the accidents. Decision errors comprised 18.2%, while perceptual errors and crew resource management accounted for 10.9%. The results were consistent with previous industry observations: Over 70% of aviation accidents have human factor causes. Adverse weather was seen to be a common secondary casual factor. Changes in flight training and risk management methods may alleviate the high number of accidents in Africa.

scholarly journals On the Influence of Human Factors on Safety of Remotely-Controlled Merchant Vessels

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1145
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Wróbel ◽  
Mateusz Gil ◽  
Chong-Ju Chae
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Potential Influence ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Causal Factors ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Factors Analysis ◽  
Important Barrier ◽  
Human Operators ◽  
Expert Study

With numerous efforts undertaken by both industry and academia to develop and implement autonomous merchant vessels, their safety remains an utmost priority. One of the modes of their operation which is expected to be used is a remote control. Therein, some, if not all, decisions will be made remotely by human operators and executed locally by a vessel control system. This arrangement incorporates a possibility of a human factor occurrence. To this end, a variety of factors are known in the literature along with a complex network of mutual relationships between them. In order to study their potential influence on the safety of remotely-controlled merchant vessels, an expert study has been conducted using the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System-Maritime Accidents (HFACS–MA) framework. The results indicate that the most relevant for the safety of this prospective system is to ensure that known problems are properly and timely rectified and that remote operators maintain their psycho- and physiological conditions. The experts elicited have also assigned higher significance to the causal factors of active failures than latent failures, thus indicating a general belief that operators’ actions represent the final and the most important barrier against accident occurrence.

The Bed and Its Human Factors Aspects

1981 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 325-328
Author(s):  
Edmond W. Israelski
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Physical Stress ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence

Activities performed requiring the use of the bed were investigated where their frequency of occurrence and their potential for physical stress of the bed were analyzed. A total of 35 bed related activities, in addition to sleeping, were reported through the use of a questionnaire survey of 92 middle class adults. Implications for bed design criteria are discussed.

Forensic Human Factors: People, Places, Products

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-104
Author(s):  
Ilene Zackowitz ◽  
Alison Vredenburgh
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Content Areas ◽  
Causal Factors

Forensic human factors (HF) consultants apply the science of human factors to litigation. After someone has been injured and a lawsuit has been filed, attorneys will often seek the expertise of forensic HF consultants to analyze the incident and determine if features of the person, place, or product involved were causal factors in the incident. In this chapter we describe the conventions, guidelines, and procedures involved in a typical forensic HF case. In addition, we describe the human factors content areas that are most frequently addressed over the course of an HF evaluation.

Submariner Situation Assessment: A Cognitive Process Analysis and Modeling Approach

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian D. Ehret ◽  
Wayne D. Gray ◽  
Susan S. Kirschenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Task Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Problem Space ◽  
Situation Assessment ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Task Behavior ◽  
Process Level

A cognitive process analysis and modeling approach to task analysis is described in the context of Project Nemo, a research effort aimed at explicating situation assessment behavior in commanders of nuclear powered attack submarines. The approach is structured around the rationality and problem space principles outlined in Card, Moran and Newell (1983). The process analysis phases involve characterizing the task domain as well as the subject's goals, operators, and knowledge. The modeling phases involves instantiating the elements from the process analysis phases into a runnable computational cognitive model. The behavior of this model is then judged against a standard, such as expert judgment or the commander's behavior, in order to evaluate the sufficiency of the cognitive process analysis. Unlike conventional task analysis methods, this approach enables the analyst not only to describe task behavior at a detailed cognitive process level, but to evaluate the precision of that description.

The analysis of human factors in aircraft accidents

1974 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
W.D. Macnamara ◽  
W.J. McArthur ◽  
P.J. Dean
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Aircraft Accidents
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