Deceased organ donation in Nova Scotia: Presumed consent and system transformation

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 210-213
Author(s):  
Kristina Krmpotic ◽  
Cynthia Isenor ◽  
Stephen Beed
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Health System ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
System Transformation ◽  
Presumed Consent ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Deceased Organ Donation ◽  
Education Performance

In recent years, rates of deceased organ donation in Nova Scotia have remained stagnant, falling behind provinces that have invested in their organ donation programs. The Nova Scotia provincial government has recently committed to health system transformation, which will include enactment of presumed consent legislation in 2020. Although impressive rates of deceased organ donation are often observed in countries with presumed consent legislation, improvements in performance can more often be attributed to the accompanying health system transformation. Key components of high performing deceased organ donation systems include highly trained organ donation specialists, practice guidelines, healthcare professional education, performance metric reviews, accountability frameworks, and public awareness campaigns in addition to adequate legislation. For Nova Scotia’s organ donation program to succeed, the provincial government must also invest the frontline financial resources required to develop and maintain adequate program infrastructure and implement key strategies to support a culture of donation.

scholarly journals The authority of next-of-kin in explicit and presumed consent systems for deceased organ donation: an analysis of 54 nations

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 2533-2546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda M. Rosenblum ◽  
Lucy D. Horvat ◽  
Laura A. Siminoff ◽  
Versha Prakash ◽  
Janice Beitel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Next Of Kin ◽  
Presumed Consent ◽  
Deceased Organ Donation

The ‘opt-out’ approach to deceased organ donation in England: A misconceived policy which may precipitate moral harm

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Tobias K Cantrell
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Recent Attempt ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
Presumed Consent ◽  
Opt Out ◽  
The Family ◽  
Deceased Organ Donation ◽  
Tissue Act ◽  
Human Tissue Act

In an effort to solve the shortage of transplantable organs, there have been several proposals to introduce an opt-out approach to deceased organ donation in England (also termed ‘deemed’, or ‘presumed’ consent). In seeking to enact the so-called ‘opt-out proposal’ via an amendment to the Human Tissue Act 2004, The Organ Donation (Deemed Consent) Bill 2017–19 represents the most recent attempt at such legal reform. Despite popular calls to the contrary, I argue in this paper that it would be premature for England, or, indeed, any country, to adopt an opt-out approach at this time. Not only is the available evidence inconclusive on whether introduction of the opt-out proposal would increase the supply of transplantable organs (a common misconception), but there is also a chance that doing so might bring about an otherwise avoidable moral harm through an unjustified interference with individual autonomy. I maintain that the resources required to change the law to such effect would be better expended on alternative, provenly efficacious and less contentious mechanisms for increasing the supply of transplantable organs, such as: improving communication with the family of the deceased, developing infrastructure, raising public awareness and enhancing staff training, attitudes and understanding towards organ donation.

The Failure to Give

2020 ◽  
pp. 177-211
Author(s):  
James F. Childress
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Deceased Donor ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Person ◽  
Presumed Consent ◽  
Opt Out ◽  
Deceased Organ Donation ◽  
Risk Cost

After considering the huge and persistent gap between the supply of deceased donor organs for transplantation and the number of patients on the waiting list for a transplant, this chapter considers different ethical frameworks for evaluating first-person failures to donate organs after death and then assesses selected public policies designed to overcome these failures. Policies to facilitate first-person deceased organ donation often seek to alter the individual’s risk/cost-benefit calculations in deciding whether to register as a donor (for instance, by providing financial incentives); financial incentives can be ethically justifiable under some circumstances if they encourage and facilitate donation but do not implicate the sale of organs. Other proposed policies seek to nudge the individual’s declaration of organ donation through mandated choice or required response or through opt-out policies, often called “presumed consent,” under which not opting out counts as a donative decision. Available evidence suggests that mandated choice, required response, and presumed consent would probably be ineffective and perhaps even counterproductive in the United States at this time, but that some carefully designed combination could possibly be both ethically acceptable and effective.

scholarly journals A Program of Research to Evaluate the Impact of Deceased Organ Donation Legislative Reform in Nova Scotia: The LEADDR Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e641
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Weiss ◽  
Kristina Krmpotic ◽  
Tim Cyr ◽  
Sonny Dhanani ◽  
Mélanie Dieudé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Legislative Reform ◽  
Deceased Organ Donation ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals How context affects people’s willingness to register for the deceased organ donation programme

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamia AlHajri ◽  
Amna AlHebsi ◽  
Maryam AlSuwaidi
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Social Ecological Model ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Lay Knowledge ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
Deceased Organ Donation

Abstract Background The deceased organ donation programme is new in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and to improve acceptability, a broad understanding of public perspectives is thought to be helpful. Therefore, this study aims to explore the extent to which context plays a role in the willingness to register for the deceased organ donation programme in Dubai, UAE. Methods This study used a qualitative methodology and was gauged by the tenets of a social ecological model and lay knowledge. Audio-recorded semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 participants. The data were subsequently analysed thematically. Results Four themes emerged from the dataset: fear and body integrity, family, relational ties and the identification of the recipient, religious conviction, and knowledge and personal experiences. The participants feared the whole process, were not aware of the religious outlook, and their knowledge regarding the programme was scarce. In addition, family-related factors, such as parental authority and hierarchy in the family, were also major influencers. Conclusion Using the social ecological model and lay knowledge helped to unravel the contextual factors that affected the willingness of participants to register for the deceased organ donation programme in Dubai, UAE, thereby enabling the development of a holistic understanding of deceased organ donation. The responses mainly stemmed from participants’ social contexts; hence, awareness campaigns should be tailored to inform people about the technical aspects and address their contextual concerns.

scholarly journals A systematic review of presumed consent systems for deceased organ donation

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Rithalia ◽  
C McDaid ◽  
S Suekarran ◽  
G Norman ◽  
L Myers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Presumed Consent ◽  
Deceased Organ Donation

scholarly journals How Contexts Affect the Willingness of People to Register for the Deceased Organ Donation Program?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamia AlHajri ◽  
Amna AlHebsi ◽  
Maryam AlSuwaidi
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Socioecological Model ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Lay Knowledge ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
Deceased Organ Donation

Abstract Background: The deceased organ donation program is new in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and to heighten acceptability, a broad understanding of public perspectives thought to be helpful. Therefore, this study aims to explore the extent by which context plays a role in willingness to register for the deceased organ donation program in UAE, Dubai.Methods: A qualitative methodology was used and this study was gauged by tenets of socioecological model and lay knowledge. Audio-recorded semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 participants who were recruited purposefully. Then, data was analysed thematically.Results: Four themes emerged from the dataset including: fear and body integrity, family, relational ties and the identify of recipient, religious conviction and knowledge and personal experiences. Participants feared the whole process, were not aware of the religious outlook and their knowledge regarding the program was scarce. Also, family related factors were major influencer, there should not be overlooked. Conclusion: Using the socioecological model and lay knowledge helped to unravel contextual factors that affected their willingness to participate. Therefore, enabled developing a holistic understanding of the phenomenon of interest. Responses were mainly stemming from their contexts, hence, awareness campaigns should elucidate people about the technical aspects and address their contextual concerns.

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