Parental education is associated with differential engagement of neural pathways during inhibitory control

Response inhibition and socioeconomic status (SES) are critical predictors of many important outcomes, including educational attainment and health. The current study extends our understanding of SES and cognition by examining brain activity associated with response inhibition, during the key developmental period of adolescence. Adolescent males (N = 81), aged 16–17, completed a response inhibition task while undergoing fMRI brain imaging and reported on their parents’ education, one component of socioeconomic status. A region of interest analysis showed that parental education was associated with brain activation differences in the classic response inhibition network (right inferior frontal gyrus + subthalamic nucleus + globus pallidus) despite the absence of consistent parental education-performance effects. Further, although activity in our main regions of interest was not associated with performance differences, several regions that were associated with better inhibitory performance (ventromedial prefrontal cortex, middle frontal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, amygdala/hippocampus) also differed in their levels of activation according to parental education. Taken together, these results suggest that individuals from households with higher versus lower parental education engage key brain regions involved in response inhibition to differing degrees, though these differences may not translate into performance differences.

CURRICULUM PREPARATION TRAINING INDEPENDENT CAMPUS, FREEDOM TO LEARN (MBKM) IN STUDY PROGRAMS AS AN EFFORT TO MEET THE MAIN PERFORMANCE INDICATORS OF HIGHER EDUCATION

The MBKM policy provides opportunities for students to gain more comprehensive learning experiences and new competencies through several learning activities. Service activities are carried out by holding two types of activities, namely the socialization of MBKM policies and workshops on preparing the MBKM curriculum. The target of this activity is the leadership of the study program, lecturers, and education staff; with this activity, the participants become more familiar with preparing the curriculum, starting from making learning outcomes to assessment techniques. Furthermore, the impact of this training realizes the fulfillment of higher education performance indicators.

The Role of Job Satisfaction in Mediating the Effect of Competency and Perceived Organizational Support on Education Performance: An Evidence from the Muhammadiyah University of Jember, Indonesia

Education personnel in higher education have an important role to support performance, so it is necessary to know the factors that affect performance. Efforts to improve performance by understanding organizational behavior. Organizational behavior will affect work behavior, including competence, Perceived organizational support and job satisfaction. The population of this research is 120 educational staff. The sampling method of this research is saturated sample. Data analysis used the Partial Least Square (PLS) method with SmartPLS software. The results in this study are all accepted hypotheses, both direct and indirect effects. Competency variables have a direct effect on job performance and satisfaction, Perceived organizational support have a direct effect on job performance and satisfaction. Job satisfaction has a direct effect on performance, job satisfaction acts as a mediating variable on the influence of competence on performance and the influence of perceived organizational support on performance. Suggestions in this study to improve competence need to provide training and provide career development to education personnel.

Developing Teacher Education Performance Assessment through Teaching E-portfolios and Pre-service/In-service EFL Teachers’ Self-reflection

A portfolio is a document describing skills, experience, interests or knowledge of an individual. Recently, the conventional paper-based portfolio has been no longer able to keep pace and therefore, some researchers have suggested e-portfolios overcome this weakness. It is rare to find research on e-portfolio for managing certification of professional competence. Considering that developing an Education Teacher Performance Assessment (edTPA) teaching e-portfolio helps teachers to become more reflective in their teaching, the present study tried to merge this issue by exploring the effects of developing edTPA teaching e-portfolios on pre-service and in-service teachers’ self-reflection in a teacher preparation program in the Iranian EFL context. The researchers employed a sequential explanatory mixed methods approach. A self-reflection survey was administered to 100 EFL pre�service and in-service teachers. The participants developed edTPA teaching portfolios with three specific types of tasks (planning, instruction, and assessment) in their classrooms. After the teaching classroom, a self-reflection survey was administered as a posttest. Then six of the participants were surveyed using a follow-up interview. The results of the study showed that there was a significant improvement in the EFL teachers’ self-reflection in both groups through developing three types of edTPA and underlying five factors of reflection in their teaching. Research on edTPA as a tool measures teacher readiness and reflection. Further research efforts should focus on edTPA performance, teacher evaluation and student performance to add to the professional discourse on teacher preparation, teacher quality, and policy making.

The Effects of Institution-Driven Entrepreneurial Education in Chinese Universities: A Qualitative Comparative Analysis Approach

Purpose: This study aims to explore the effects of entrepreneurship education by examining the influences of the curriculum system, teaching team, design of practical programs, and the institutional systems on universities’ entrepreneurial education performance.Design/Methodology/Approach: This paper employs a case-based approach—Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA). Data were collected from 12 universities that were typical cases in the implementation of entrepreneurial education. The four dimensions of entrepreneurship education are applied as conditional indicators. fsQCA3.0 software is used to analyze the necessary conditions and condition combination of the truth table.Findings: There are three sets of condition combinations of the intermediate solution that results in a high level of entrepreneurial education performance: (1) when the credit ratio of entrepreneurship courses is higher and there are more practical platform platforms, even if the entrepreneurship education system and mechanism is less mature, the level of entrepreneurial education performance is high; (2) with a higher credit ratio of entrepreneurship courses, higher quality of teaching teams, and higher standard of practical platforms, the level of entrepreneurial education performance is high; (3) with a higher level of credit ratio of entrepreneurship courses and more practical platforms, as well as mature entrepreneurship education system and mechanism, even if the quality of the teaching team is lower, the level of entrepreneurial education performance is satisfied.Research Limitations/Implications: The dimensions of entrepreneurship education can be expanded; additionally, given that there are many other factors affecting entrepreneurial performance, it is necessary to identify and integrate other possible factors on an ongoing basis.Practical Implications: This study offers practical implications for universities and policy makers that can promote the transformation of theoretical knowledge into practice in the field of entrepreneurship in colleges and universities.Social Implications: This study is one of the first to empirically examine the effect of institutional-driven entrepreneurship education in developing countries. The enhancement of entrepreneurship education can benefit the development of individuals and schools, and even has a potential impact on the progress of the country and society as a whole.Originality/Value: This study emphasizes the significance of viewing the entrepreneurial education as a multi-dimensional concept by targeting different kinds of players. Furthermore, it employs a case-based approach to identify configurations of the antecedent attributes of the curriculum system, teaching team, design of practical programs, and the institutional systems, and their influence on universities’ entrepreneurial education performance.

Conceptualization and Psychometric Properties of the Sleep Behavior Self-regulation Dimensions: A Theory-Based Instrument

Background: Focus on sleep regulation is crucial due to the direct health consequences of insufficient sleep to adolescents’ health and education performance. This study aims to develop and validate an instrument to measure sleep behavior self-regulation (SBSR) and its influential factors in a student sample.Methods: A preliminary version of the measurement instrument was developed using a literature review and conceptual framework. Expert analysis of content validity, item analysis, factor analysis and reliability analysis was performed for the psychometric evaluation. This study has a total of 401 students. The data was analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0.Results: The exploratory factor analyses offered a structure with six factors. The model presents a good fit (χ2/df = 1.65, RMSEA = 0.053, CFI = 0.920, and GFI =0.826). General test reliability was good (α = 0.9).Conclusions: SBSRI is a multidimensional instrument and a valid and reliable way of obtaining information about sleep behavior self-regulation. The use of this instrument will make it possible to adjust behavior to subjective goals and real experiences to promote sleep-related behavior change.

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penilaian Kinerja Tenaga Kependidikan (TENDIK) Dengan Menggunakan Metode SMARTER

The success of a university is not only seen from the role of Educators (Lecturers) but also the role of Education Personnel (TENDIK). Educational Personnel (TENDIK) includes Administrative Personnel in universities. Work performance is the main factor of the success of higher education performance. The results of good work given will have a good impact on universities. TENDIK who excels are also competent in higher education and contributes to the joint progress of both TENDIK and universities. Apart from lecturers, TENDIK is also an asset owned by universities. Rewards or awards given to TENDIK can be done by assessing the performance results of each TENDIK. The reward given to TENDIK is a form of appreciation for the performance carried out at the university. Giving rewards to TENDIK must be based on a proper and accurate performance assessment. The problem is that there is no definite reference used to evaluate the performance of TENDIK in giving rewards. The performance assessment carried out must be objective, of course, with an objective assessment the results obtained from the TENDIK performance assessment will not be a problem for other TENDIK. Decision Support System is a computer-based information system that is used to assist in decision making by utilizing certain data and models to support a solution in solving a semi-structured and non-structured problem. SMARTER is one of the methods in the Decision Support System that provides recommendations to decision makers based on relevant criteria, which in determining the criteria and sub-criteria and their weight values ​​use ROC (Rank Order Centroid). Of the several criteria used for the selection process using the alternative SMARTER method with the name A4 with a final utility value of 64.25%

Does Family Separation Affect Children's Educational Performance? -- Analysis Based on Ordered Logistic Regression Model

Improving children’s educational performance is the fundamental goal of education. The factors that affect children’s educational performance are complex. Family factors are one of the key factors affecting children’s educational performance. In order to analyze whether family separation will affect children’s educational performance, there are differences in education performance of migrant, left-behind and migrant left-behind children in terms of family separation. The model analyzes the impact of family separation on the educational performance of three types of children: floating, left-behind and floating left-behind children. Studies have found that family separation has a significant impact on the educational performance of migrant and migrant left-behind children, and family education capital and education investment will also affect children’s educational performance. Therefore, parents should increase the time of children's companionship and participatory learning, improve children's educational performance, strengthen family education capital investment and children's educational investment to improve children's educational performance.

Research on the Drivers of Entrepreneurship Education Performance of Medical Students in the Digital Age

COVID-19 has made the entire society pay more attention to medical students training. Medicine development is inseparable from the spirit of innovation, focusing on cultivating medical students' innovative awareness and improving entrepreneurship education performance, which has an irreplaceable effect on both the students themselves and the society. This study is based on the ridge regression model to study the driving factors of the entrepreneurship education performance of medical students. Compared with traditional multiple regression, it can improve the consistency of parameter estimation and obtain more realistic results. Based on a large sample of empirical survey data of 24,677 medical students in China, this study analyzed the driving factors of the entrepreneurship education performance of medical students and found that medical students of different genders have differences in entrepreneurship education performance; the digital economy impacts entrepreneurship education performance of medical students; entrepreneurship course, entrepreneurship faculty, entrepreneurship competition, entrepreneurship practice, and entrepreneurship policy have a driving effect on the entrepreneurship education performance of medical students. Meanwhile, the impact of entrepreneurship policy is the most obvious, followed by entrepreneurship practice and entrepreneurship competition, followed by entrepreneurship course and entrepreneurship faculty.

Dual-task performance in old adults: cognitive, functional, psychosocial and socio-demographic variables

Background Dual tasking, or the ability to executing two tasks simultaneously, has been used in recent research to predict cognitive impairments, physical frailty, and has been linked with cognitive frailty in old adults. Aim This study aimed to determine age-related variables can predict dual-task (DT) performance in the older population. Methods A total of 258 healthy community-dwelling participants + 60 years were assessed in relation to their functional capacity, health, well-being, social support and years of education. Performance of a cognitive (Fluency) task and a cognitive–motor (Tracking) task was recorded under single and DT conditions. Multiple linear regression analysis was carried out for each dependent variable, in separate models including cognitive, functional and psychosocial variables. Results Performance in Fluency in DT conditions was predicted by cognitive variables, whereas performance in Tracking DT conditions was predicted by positive interaction, health status, age and motor variables. Discussion The findings suggest that a wide range of cognitive, psychological, social, physical and functional variables influence cognitive and motor performance in aging. Conclusion DT methodology is sensitive to different age-related changes and could be related to frailty conditions in aging.