Impact of Intimate Partner Violence on Infant Temperament

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (21-22) ◽  
pp. 4779-4795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maigun Edhborg ◽  
Hashima E-Nasreen ◽  
Zarina Nahar Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Infant Temperament ◽  
Child Health Services ◽  
Maternal Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Postnatal Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Maternal Depressive Symptom

Intimate partner violence (IPV) during the first year postpartum is common in Bangladesh, and many infants are exposed to hostile and aggressive environment. The aim of the current study was to investigate how IPV (physical, emotional, and sexual) impacts on the mother’s perception of her infant’s temperament 6 to 8 months postpartum, and whether maternal depressive symptom at 6 to 8 months postpartum is a mediator in this association. A total of 656 rural Bangladeshi women and their children 6 to 8 months postpartum were included in this study. Data were collected by structured interviews. The women were asked about physical, sexual, and emotional IPV; depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depressive Symptoms [EPDS]); and their perception of infant temperament assessed by the Infant Characteristic Questionnaire (ICQ). Descriptive analyses were conducted for prevalence of IPV and maternal depressive symptoms. Mediation analysis was conducted with a series of linear regressions with types of IPV as independent variables, ICQ including its subscales as dependent variables and maternal depressive symptoms as potential mediator. All the analyses were adjusted for the woman’s and her husband’s ages and number of children of the couple. Nearly 90% of the mothers reported some kind of IPV at 6 to 8 months postpartum. All types of IPV were directly associated with the mother’s perception of her infant as unadaptable. Maternal depressive symptom was a mediating factor between physical IPV and the ICQ subscales fussy-difficult and unpredictable. In addition, depressive symptoms mediated between sexual and emotional IPV, and the mother’s perception of the infant as unpredictable. The results showed that IPV influenced how mothers perceived their infant’s temperament. It is important that health care professionals at maternal and child health services enquire about IPV with possibilities to refer the family or the mother and infant for appropriate support.

scholarly journals The Effect of Maternal Depressive Symptoms on Infant Feeding Practices in Rural Ethiopia: Community Based Birth Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yitbarek Kidane Woldetensay ◽  
Tefera Belachew ◽  
Shibani Ghosh ◽  
Eva Johanna Kantelhardt ◽  
Hans Konrad Biesalski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Maternal Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Household Food

Abstract Background: Infant feeding is a multidimensional and multi-risk factor practice with a vital role in ensuring optimal child health, growth and development. Maternal depressive symptoms have been shown to have adverse consequences on feeding practices. However, most of these findings were based on single infant feeding practice (IFP) dimension; e.g. early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding or introduction of complementary foods. This study aims to explore the longitudinal relationship between maternal depressive symptoms and IFPs in rural Ethiopia using summary IFP index. Methods: This study uses existing data from the ENGINE birth cohort study. The study had an open cohort design, with rolling recruitment and follow up of pregnant women for a period of two years. It was conducted from March 2014 to March 2016 in three districts (Woliso, Tiro-Afeta and Gomma) in the southwest of Ethiopia. The sample size was 4680 with pregnant women recruited between 12 and 32 weeks of gestation. Data were collected once during pregnancy for all women (twice for those in the first trimester), at birth, and then every three months until the child was 12 months old. Data collection was conducted by trained nurses electronically using Open Data Kit (ODK) software. A composite measure of IFP index was computed using 14 WHO recommended infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practice indicators. Maternal depressive symptoms (prenatal and postnatal) were assessed using the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9). Linear multilevel mixed effects model was fitted to assess longitudinal relationship of IFPs and maternal depression. Results: Early postnatal depressive symptoms were inversely and significantly associated with IFPs (ß= -1.031, P=0.001). However, prenatal maternal depression was not significantly associated with IFPs (ß= -0.024, P=0.953). Similarly, intimate partner violence (ß= -0.208, P=0.001) was negatively associated with IFPs. On the other hand, maternal social support (ß= 0.107, P=0.002) and maternal social participation (ß= 0.552, P<0.001) were positively associated with IFPs. Maternal education and gestational age at birth were other important factors positively associated with IFPs. Moreover, contrary to expected, moderate household food insecurity (ß= 0.836, P=0.003), severe household food insecurity (ß= 1.034, P=0.01) and infant morbidity episodes (ß= 0.625, P=0.013) were positively associated with IFPs. Conclusion: Early postnatal depressive symptoms and intimate partner violence were negative predictors of IFPs. On the other hand, maternal education, gestational age at birth, maternal social support and social participation are positive predictors of IFPs. Overall, we conclude that a multitude of factors are related to IFPs and hence coordinated, multi-sectoral and multi-stakeholder interventions including maternal depressive symptoms screening and management are needed to improve IFPs.Key words: Infant feeding practices, prenatal depression, postnatal depression, household food insecurity, intimate partner violence, social support, Ethiopia

scholarly journals Exploring the causal role of intimate partner violence and abuse on depressive symptoms in young adults: a population-based cohort study

BMC Medicine ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Herbert ◽  
Jon Heron ◽  
Maria Barnes ◽  
Christine Barter ◽  
Gene Feder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Geometric Means ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Symptom Scores

Abstract Background Previous studies have shown an association between experience of intimate partner violence and abuse (IPVA) and depression. Whether this is a causal relationship or explained by prior vulnerability that influences the risk of both IPVA and depression is not known. Methods We analysed data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children prospective cohort (N = 1764 women, 1028 men). To assess the causal association between IPVA at 18–21 years old and logged depressive symptom scores at age 23, we used (i) multivariable linear regression, (ii) inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), and (iii) difference-in-difference (DiD) analysis, which compared the mean change in logged depressive symptom scores between ages 16 and 23 between those who experienced IPVA and those who did not. Results Women who experienced IPVA had on average 26% higher depressive symptom scores after adjustment for measured confounders (ratio of geometric means 1.26, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.40). In men, the difference was 5% (ratio of geometric means 1.05, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.21). Results from IPTW analysis were similar. In the DiD analysis, there was no evidence that being exposed to IPVA affected the change in depressive symptom scores over time compared to being in the non-exposed group for either women (difference-in-differences 1%, −12 to 16%) or men (−1%, −19 to 20%). Conclusions Multivariable linear regression and IPTW suggested an association between IPVA and higher depressive symptom score in women but not men, but DiD analysis indicated a null effect in both women and men. This suggests the causal origins of higher depressive symptoms in this young adult population are likely to reflect prior vulnerability that leads to both higher depressive symptoms and increased risk of IPVA exposure.

Estimating the increase in depressive symptoms in women due to intimate partner violence during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Philip Rajkumar
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Postnatal Depressive Symptoms ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Expected Increase

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a grave social problem during the COVID-19 pandemic, and is associated with the development of depressive symptoms. In this study, a literature review was used to estimate of the increase in IPV, which was then used to estimate increases in depressive symptoms attributable to it. The mean increase in IPV during the pandemic was 26.2-33%, with a resultant expected increase of 5-6% in reported depressive symptoms and 11-14% in reported postnatal depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Establishing the causal role of intimate partner violence and abuse on depressive symptoms in young adults: a population-based cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Herbert ◽  
Jon Heron ◽  
Maria Barnes ◽  
Christine Barter ◽  
Gene Feder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Geometric Means ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Symptom Scores

Background Previous studies have shown an association between experience of intimate partner violence and abuse (IPVA) and depression. Whether this is a causal relationship or explained by prior vulnerability that influences the risk of both depression and IPVA is not known. Methods and Findings We analysed data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children prospective cohort (N=1,764 women, 1,028 men). To assess the causal association between IPVA at 18-21 years old and logged depressive symptom scores at age 23, we used: i) multivariable linear regression, ii) inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), and iii) difference-in-difference (DID) analysis, which compared the mean change in logged depressive symptom scores between ages 16 and 23 between those who experienced IPVA and those who did not. Women who experienced IPVA had on average 26% higher depressive symptom score after adjustment for measured confounders (ratio of geometric means 1.26, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.40). In men, the difference was 5% (ratio of geometric means 1.05, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.21). Results from IPTW analysis were similar. In the DID analysis, there was no evidence that being exposed to IPVA affected the change in depressive symptom scores over time compared to being in the non-exposed group for either women (difference-in-differences: 1%, -12% to 16%) or men (-1%, -19% to 20%). Conclusions Multivariable linear regression and IPTW suggested an association between IPVA and higher depressive symptom score in women but not men, but DID analysis indicated a null effect in both women and men. This suggests the causal origins of higher depressive symptoms in this young adult population are likely to reflect prior vulnerability that leads to both higher depressive symptoms and increased risk of IPVA exposure.

scholarly journals The Effect of Maternal Depressive Symptoms on Infant Feeding Practices in Rural Ethiopia: Community Based Birth Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yitbarek Kidane Woldetensay ◽  
Tefera Belachew ◽  
Shibani Ghosh ◽  
Eva Johanna Kantelhardt ◽  
Hans Konrad Biesalski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Maternal Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Maternal Social Support

Abstract Background: Infant feeding is a multidimensional and multi-risk factor practice with a vital role in ensuring optimal child health, growth and development. Maternal depression and other psychosocial factors have been shown to have adverse consequences on feeding practices. However, most of these findings were based on single infant feeding practice (IFP) dimension; for instance, early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding or introduction of complementary foods. This study aims to explore the longitudinal relationship of maternal depressive symptoms and other selected psychosocial factors with IFPs in rural Ethiopia using summary IFP index. Methods: This study uses existing data from the ENGINE birth cohort study. The study had an open cohort design, with “rolling recruitment” procedure and follow up of pregnant women for a period of two years. It was conducted from March 2014 to March 2016 in three districts in the southwest of Ethiopia. A total of 4680 pregnant women were recruited between 12 and 32 weeks of gestation. Data were collected once during pregnancy for all women (twice for those in the first trimester), at birth, and then every three months until the child was 12 months old. Standardized questionnaire were used to collect data on IFPs, maternal depressive symptoms, household food insecurity, intimate partner violence, maternal social support, active social participation, and other socio-demographic variables. A composite measure of IFP index was computed using 14 WHO recommended infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practice indicators. Prenatal and postnatal maternal depressive symptoms were assessed using the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9). Linear multilevel mixed effects model was fitted to assess longitudinal relationship of IFPs with maternal depression and other psychosocial factors. Results: Postnatal depressive symptoms (ß= -1.031, P=0.001) and intimate partner violence (ß= -0.208, P=0.001) were inversely and significantly associated with IFPs. However, prenatal maternal depressive symptoms was not significantly associated with IFPs (ß= -0.024, P=0.953). On the other hand, maternal social support (ß= 0.107, P=0.002) and maternal social participation (ß= 0.552, P<0.001) were positively associated with IFPs. Maternal education and gestational age at birth were other important factors positively associated with IFPs. Moreover, contrary to expected, moderate household food insecurity (ß= 0.836, P=0.003), severe household food insecurity (ß= 1.034, P=0.01) and infant morbidity episodes (ß= 0.625, P=0.013) were positively associated with IFPs. Conclusion: Early postnatal depressive symptoms and intimate partner violence were negative predictors of IFPs. On the other hand, maternal social support, social participation, maternal education and gestational age at birth were positive predictors of IFPs. Overall, we can conclude that multitude of factors are related to IFPs and hence coordinated, multi-sectoral and multi-stakeholder interventions including maternal depressive symptoms screening and management are needed to improve IFPs.

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