Bibliographic Control for Twenty-First-Century Collection Management and Resource Discovery: Current Approaches in the British Library

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Brazier ◽  
Robina Clayphan
Keyword(s):  
Resource Discovery ◽  
First Century ◽  
Collection Management ◽  
British Library ◽  
Personal View ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
User Expectations ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Future Technologies ◽  
Economic Constraints

At the beginning of the twenty-first century the bibliographic standards landscape is undergoing considerable development. Against a background of changing user expectations, technical possibilities and economic constraints, the British Library is reviewing its approach to traditional collection management and bibliographic standards. The lack of established standards for management of digital collections is leading to a period of experimentation in which research into future technologies sits alongside pragmatic solutions to deal with the realities of the transitional ‘hybrid library’. The authors present a personal view of current initiatives and developments in the British Library, including new technological opportunities and systems developments, digitization and digital object management, metadata schemas and application profiles. They also consider measures that are in place to handle the transition to a richer and more complex resource discovery future that is still evolving across the sector.

Digital Resources: Digital Projects in Mexico City’s Archives and Libraries

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Arnold
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
First Century ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Printed Books ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
Finding Aids ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Digitized Documents

Researchers in major Mexico City archives in the early 1970s had access to very few finding aids for historical documents and record sets. Since then, archivists and researchers have worked diligently to organize record sets and create catalogues for an untold number of documents. Since the early twenty-first century, researchers in the Archivo General de la Nación, the Archivo Histórico de la Ciudad de México, the Archivo Histórico del Arzobispado de México, the Archivo Histórico de la Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional, and the Archivo General de Notarías have been able to access databases, searchable PDF catalogues, and a small array of digital collections. Work toward inventorying and cataloguing record sets began long before the development of technologies available today. Typescript catalogues for record sets in the Archivo Histórico de la Ciudad de México date from the 1920s. Work on inventories, card catalogues, typescripts, and published catalogues for record sets in the Archivo General de la Nación and the Archivo Histórico de la Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional began during the 1930s and 1940s. Work on cataloguing the documents in the Archivo General de Notarías and the Archivo Histórico del Arzobispado de México began during the 1980s and 1990s. Since the early twenty-first century researchers have been able to access databases, searchable PDF catalogues, and a limited number of digitized documents for all these major archives. New technologies began to make digitization possible, and thus Mexican libraries, along with archives, began to digitize primary and secondary sources. Some of those projects involve digitizing microfilm; others involve digitizing complete record sets and printed books. Still others involve transcriptions of historical documents. While the scope and quality of those projects vary from institution to institution, all create heretofore unimaginable access to historical documents.

Decentralized wastewater management: challenges and opportunities for the twenty-first century

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Tchobanoglous ◽  
L. Ruppe ◽  
H. Leverenz ◽  
J. Darby
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Century ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Liquid Portion ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Economic Constraints

Decentralized wastewater management (DWM) may be defined as the collection, treatment, and reuse of wastewater from individual homes, clusters of homes, subdivisions, and isolated commercial facilities at or near the point of waste generation. In some areas, the liquid portion could be transported to a central point for further treatment and reuse. At the time of writing (2002), more than sixty million people in the United States live in homes where individual decentralized systems are used for wastewater management. Further, the U.S. EPA now estimates that about 40 percent of the new homes being built are served with onsite systems. In the early 1970s, with the passage of the Clean Water Act, it was often stated that it was only a matter of time before sewerage facilities would be available to almost all residents of the continental United States. Now, more than 25 years later, it is recognized that complete sewerage of the entire U.S. may never be possible, due to both geographic and economic constraints. Because complete sewerage is unlikely in the foreseeable future, it is clear that DWM systems are needed for the protection of public health and the environment and for the development of long-term strategies for the management of our water resources. The challenges and opportunities for DWM systems in the twenty-first century are discussed in this paper.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document