scholarly journals Parental leave regulations and the persistence of the male breadwinner model: Using fuzzy-set ideal type analysis to assess gender equality in an enlarged Europe

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossella Ciccia ◽  
Mieke Verloo
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Fuzzy Set ◽  
Parental Leave ◽  
Ideal Type ◽  
Type Analysis ◽  
Male Breadwinner

Fuzzy set ideal type analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 474-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Kvist
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Set ◽  
Ideal Type ◽  
Type Analysis

scholarly journals Long-Term Care and Gender Equality: Fuzzy-Set Ideal Types of Care Regimes in Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 92-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Bartha ◽  
Violetta Zentai
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Fuzzy Set ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Ideal Type ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Intergenerational Ties ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Care Regimes

Recent changes in the organization of long-term care have had controversial effects on gender inequality in Europe. In response to the challenges of ageing populations, almost all countries have adopted reform measures to secure the increasing resource needs for care, to ensure care services by different providers, to regulate the quality of services, and overall to recalibrate the work-life balance for men and women. These reforms are embedded in different family ideals of intergenerational ties and dependencies, divisions of responsibilities between state, market, family, and community actors, and backed by wider societal support to families to care for their elderly and disabled members. This article disentangles the different components of the notion of ‘(de)familialization’ which has become a crucial concept of care scholarship. We use a fuzzy-set ideal type analysis to investigate care policies and work-family reconciliation policies shaping long-term care regimes. We are making steps to reveal aggregate gender equality impacts of intermingling policy dynamics and also to relate the analysis to migrant care work effects. The results are explained in a four-pronged ideal type scheme to which European countries belong. While only Nordic and some West European continental countries are close to the double earner, supported carer ideal type, positive outliers prove that transformative gender relations in care can be construed not only in the richest and most generous welfare countries in Europe.

scholarly journals Idealtyper og fuzzy mængdelære i komparative studier - nordisk familiepolitik i 1990´erne som eksempel

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Kvist
Keyword(s):  
Set Theory ◽  
Fuzzy Set ◽  
Fuzzy Set Theory ◽  
Family Policy ◽  
Ideal Type ◽  
Type Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

Ideal types and fuzzy sets -Exemplified by Nordic family policy in the 1990s Fuzzy-set theory is a new method for the social sciences. It allows for a precise operationalisation of theoretical concepts, the configuration of concepts into analytical constructs such as idealtypes, and the categorisation of cases. In a Weberian sense ideal types are analytical constructs used as yardsticks to measure the similarity and difference between concrete phenomena. Ideal type analysis involves differentiation of categories and degrees of membership of such categories. In social science jargon, this means analysis involving the evaluation of qualitative and quantitative differences or, in brief, of diversity. Fuzzy set theory is useful for ideal type analysis as it combines the study of qualitative and quantitative differentiation in a single instrument. It allows the measurement and computation of theoretical concepts and analytical constructs in a manner that is true to their original formulation and meaning. This paper sets out elements and principles of fuzzy-set theory that are useful for ideal type analysis and presents an illustrative example of how it can be used in comparative studies. The example concerns changing Nordic family policies in the 1990s in relation to their conformity to the ideal typical Social Democratic family policy model characterised by generous family allowances coupled with universal child care of a high quality. All Nordic countries expanded the universality of childcare, but its quality remained only fairly good, when measured by number of children, staff, which was 4.7 in 1993 in Denmark. Generosity was increased in Denmark, but reduced in Sweden and Finland. As a result of numerous changes, the most traditional country, Norway, got more in line with the other Nordic countries and Sweden lost its role as the examplar country of Social Democratic family policy. However, none of the countries experienced a qualitative shift in family policy towards a Conservative or Liberal model of family policy. The analysis demonstrates how fuzzy-set theory allows for fine-grained assesments, and is particularly well-suited to the analysis of diversity for a medium number of cases.

Beyond the Dependent Variable Problem: The Methodological Challenges of Capturing Productive and Protective Dimensions of Social Policy

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hudson ◽  
Stefan Kühner
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Fuzzy Set ◽  
Ideal Type ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Type Analysis ◽  
State Research ◽  
Variable Problem

The question of how best to account for the multidimensional character of welfare states has become an integral part of discussions on the so-called dependent variable problem within comparative welfare state research. In this paper, we discuss challenges from an attempt to capture productive and protective welfare state dimensions by means of several methodological techniques, namely Z-score standardisation, cluster analysis, factor analysis and fuzzy-set ideal type analysis. While we illustrate that a decision to use any one of these techniques has a substantial bearing on the produced findings, we specifically argue that fuzzy-set ideal type analysis offers considerable advantages over more traditional, statistically rooted approaches. This is particularly true if the observed dimensions are conceptually distinct and ‘antithetical’.

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