Decreasing frequency of forest fires in the southern boreal zone of Québec and its relation to global warming since the end of the 'Little Ice Age'

Abstract Sousa, A., García-Murillo, P., Morales, J., and García-Barrón, L. 2009. Anthropogenic and natural effects on the coastal lagoons in the southwest of Spain (Doñana National Park). – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1508–1514. The Doñana peridunal lagoons, located in the southwest of Spain, have been well studied, because their conservation is of great interest. Since 1965, they have also been affected by the extraction of underground water for local coastal tourist resorts. A reconstruction of the evolution of this series of coastal lagoons reveals that, along with the anthropogenic effect, there was a natural effect resulting from the reactivation of mobile dune fronts that have blocked and filled the original lagoon complex—in the period 1920–1987, the lagoons were reduced by 70.7%. These fronts might have been fed by deposits of marine sand during the climatically driest phases of the Little Ice Age in Andalusia, Spain. Therefore, if the frequency and duration of dry periods increase, as well as droughts as a whole, because of global warming, the desiccation and disappearance of the lagoons could become more widespread, not only at this site in southwestern Europe, but in other Mediterranean coastal ecosystems as well.

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Ozone-aerosol and land use reversed temperature increase over some northern mid-latitude regions between the 20th century and the Little Ice Age based on the CESM-LME

The Holocene ◽

10.1177/09596836211041734 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 095968362110417

Author(s):

Jiapeng Miao ◽

Tao Wang ◽

Dabang Jiang

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Global Warming ◽

20Th Century ◽

Little Ice Age ◽

Dominant Role ◽

Ice Age ◽

Last Millennium ◽

Local Climate ◽

Aerosol Forcing ◽

Cooling Effects

Global warming is a widely concerned topic, and the surface temperature has shown an accelerated warming trend during the past several decades. From the perspective of a longer time scale, the 20th century (1900–2000) could be the warmest period in the last millennium, and the global or hemispheric averaged temperature over this period is higher than that over other centuries, particularly compared with that over the Little Ice Age (LIA; 1450–1850). However, we recently found that, in the reconstruction, the 20th-century temperature over some northern mid-latitude regions could be significantly lower than that during the LIA, which contradicts our previous perceptions regarding global warming. Modeling results from the Last Millennium Ensemble Project also reproduce a similar phenomenon, that is, the 20th-century cooling over some northern mid-latitude regions (CNMR). The simulated CNMR can be found in all four seasons. Further analysis indicates that the cooling effects from ozone-aerosol and land use forcings, overcoming greenhouse gas and solar forcing induced warming, play dominant roles in causing the CNMR. The ozone-aerosol forcing reduces the surface net shortwave flux through both direct aerosol–radiation interaction and atmosphere–cloud feedback, while the land use forcing causes negative net shortwave flux anomalies through modulation of surface albedo. Overall, the ozone-aerosol and land use forcings shape the CNMR phenomenon by inducing anomalous surface net shortwave flux, with the ozone-aerosol forcing playing a dominant role. This study highlights the important influences of ozone-aerosol and land use cooling effects on local climate.

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'Little Ice Age' summer temperature variations: their nature and relevance to recent global warming trends

The Holocene ◽

10.1177/095968369300300409 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 367-376 ◽

Cited By ~ 472

Author(s):

Raymond S. Bradley ◽

Philip D. Jonest

Keyword(s):

Global Warming ◽

Little Ice Age ◽

Summer Temperature ◽

Ice Age ◽

Temperature Variations

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New Little ICE Age Instead of Global Warming?

Energy & Environment ◽

10.1260/095830503765184646 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 14 (2-3) ◽

pp. 327-350 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Theodor Landscheidt

Keyword(s):

Global Warming ◽

Solar Activity ◽

Little Ice Age ◽

Orbital Motion ◽

Maunder Minimum ◽

Ice Age ◽

Centre Of Mass ◽

Long Period ◽

The Last Two Millennia ◽

Cool Climate

Analysis of the sun's varying activity in the last two millennia indicates that contrary to the IPCC's speculation about man-made global warming as high as 5.8°C within the next hundred years, a long period of cool climate with its coldest phase around 2030 is to be expected. It is shown that minima in the secular Gleissberg cycle of solar activity, coinciding with periods of cool climate on Earth, are consistently linked to an 83-year cycle in the change of the rotary force driving the sun's oscillatory motion about the centre of mass of the solar system. As the future course of this cycle and its amplitudes can be computed, it can be seen that the Gleissberg minimum around 2030 and another one around 2200 will be of the Maunder minimum type accompanied by severe cooling on Earth. This forecast should prove ‘skilful’ as other long-range forecasts of climate phenomena, based on cycles in the sun's orbital motion, have turned out correct, as for instance the prediction of the last three El Niños years before the respective event.

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Antarctic Winds: Pacemaker of Global Warming, Global Cooling, and the Collapse of Civilizations

Climate ◽

10.3390/cli8110130 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 130

Author(s):

W. Davis ◽

W. Davis

Keyword(s):

Global Warming ◽

Little Ice Age ◽

Ice Cores ◽

Ice Age ◽

Temperature Cycle ◽

Wind Pattern ◽

The Past ◽

Global Cooling ◽

Wind Cycle ◽

The Antarctic

We report a natural wind cycle, the Antarctic Centennial Wind Oscillation (ACWO), whose properties explain milestones of climate and human civilization, including contemporary global warming. We explored the wind/temperature relationship in Antarctica over the past 226 millennia using dust flux in ice cores from the European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA) Dome C (EDC) drill site as a wind proxy and stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in ice cores from EDC and ten additional Antarctic drill sites as temperature proxies. The ACWO wind cycle is coupled 1:1 with the temperature cycle of the Antarctic Centennial Oscillation (ACO), the paleoclimate precursor of the contemporary Antarctic Oscillation (AAO), at all eleven drill sites over all time periods evaluated. Such tight coupling suggests that ACWO wind cycles force ACO/AAO temperature cycles. The ACWO is modulated in phase with the millennial-scale Antarctic Isotope Maximum (AIM) temperature cycle. Each AIM cycle encompasses several ACWOs that increase in frequency and amplitude to a Wind Terminus, the last and largest ACWO of every AIM cycle. This historic wind pattern, and the heat and gas exchange it forces with the Southern Ocean (SO), explains climate milestones including the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age. Contemporary global warming is explained by venting of heat and carbon dioxide from the SO forced by the maximal winds of the current positive phase of the ACO/AAO cycle. The largest 20 human civilizations of the past four millennia collapsed during or near the Little Ice Age or its earlier recurrent homologs. The Eddy Cycle of sunspot activity oscillates in phase with the AIM temperature cycle and therefore may force the internal climate cycles documented here. Climate forecasts based on the historic ACWO wind pattern project imminent global cooling and in ~4 centuries a recurrent homolog of the Little Ice Age. Our study provides a theoretically-unified explanation of contemporary global warming and other climate milestones based on natural climate cycles driven by the Sun, confirms a dominant role for climate in shaping human history, invites reconsideration of climate policy, and offers a method to project future climate.

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3. The Ice Age cometh

Global Catastrophes: A Very Short Introduction ◽

10.1093/actrade/9780198715931.003.0003 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 47-63

Author(s):

Bill McGuire

Keyword(s):

Global Warming ◽

Ocean Circulation ◽

Little Ice Age ◽

Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation ◽

Meridional Overturning Circulation ◽

Ice Age ◽

Ice Ages ◽

Astronomical Theory ◽

Meridional Overturning ◽

Potential Impact

What turns ice ages on and off? ‘The Ice Age cometh’ considers the potential impact global warming may have on the arrival of the next expected Ice Age. Will global warming fend it off or will it accelerate the onset of the next big freeze? Conditions on Earth during the great freezes of the Cryogenian and the most recent Quaternary ice ages are described and what triggers them considered, including the Croll–Milankovitch astronomical theory. The Little Ice Age (c.ad 1450–1850) and the Medieval Warm Period (c.ad 1000–1300) are discussed along with the role ocean circulation (especially the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation) has to play.

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Global warming in the context of the Little Ice Age

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres ◽

10.1029/1999jd900233 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 104 (D16) ◽

pp. 19057-19070 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

Melissa Free ◽

Alan Robock

Keyword(s):

Global Warming ◽

Little Ice Age ◽

Ice Age

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