Diffusion of Banking Products in Financial Inclusion Linked Savings Accounts: A Case Study Based on Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana in India

Information Transfer ◽

Large Scale ◽

Network Effects ◽

Growth Models ◽

Financial Inclusion ◽

Network Effect ◽

Savings Accounts

The slow rate of adoption of savings and transaction accounts opened under financial inclusion programmes is a challenge for policymakers across the globe. We use the experience of a large-scale financial inclusion programme in India—Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)—to model the adoption of simple banking products, namely deposit, withdrawal, fund transfer and ATM usage. Based on account-level transaction data, we create a dataset to capture the adoption of each product over time. We use this data to estimate three growth models: Bass, Gompertz and logistic. The Bass model which is based on diffusion of innovations theory is found to be the best fit across products. The role of social influence in the diffusion of the four products studied is found to be much lower when compared to other products in subsistence marketplaces. Social network effect is comparatively stronger in the adoption of fund transfer and ATM. We discuss the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon and contend that information transfer by word of mouth and network effects are the most probable reasons for the observed adoption behaviour.

Multiple Firing Patterns in Deep Dorsal Horn Neurons of the Spinal Cord: Computational Analysis of Mechanisms and Functional Implications

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.00919.2009 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 104 (4) ◽

pp. 1978-1996 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Yann Le Franc ◽

Gwendal Le Masson

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Dorsal Horn ◽

Information Transfer ◽

Network Effects ◽

Neuronal Response ◽

Sensory Information ◽

Firing Patterns ◽

Dorsal Horn Neurons ◽

The Impact

Deep dorsal horn relay neurons (dDHNs) of the spinal cord are known to exhibit multiple firing patterns under the control of local metabotropic neuromodulation: tonic firing, plateau potential, and spontaneous oscillations. This work investigates the role of interactions between voltage-gated channels and the occurrence of different firing patterns and then correlates these two phenomena with their functional role in sensory information processing. We designed a conductance-based model using the NEURON software package, which successfully reproduced the classical features of plateau in dDHNs, including a wind-up of the neuronal response after repetitive stimulation. This modeling approach allowed us to systematically test the impact of conductance interactions on the firing patterns. We found that the expression of multiple firing patterns can be reproduced by changes in the balance between two currents (L-type calcium and potassium inward rectifier conductances). By investigating a possible generalization of the firing state switch, we found that the switch can also occur by varying the balance of any hyperpolarizing and depolarizing conductances. This result extends the control of the firing switch to neuromodulators or to network effects such as synaptic inhibition. We observed that the switch between the different firing patterns occurs as a continuous function in the model, revealing a particular intermediate state called the accelerating mode. To characterize the functional effect of a firing switch on information transfer, we used correlation analysis between a model of peripheral nociceptive afference and the dDHN model. The simulation results indicate that the accelerating mode was the optimal firing state for information transfer.

An Exploratory Analysis of the Relationship Between Organizational and Institutional Factors Shaping the Assimilation of Vertical Standards

Information and Technology Literacy ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-3417-4.ch108 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 2176-2205

Author(s):

Rubén A. Mendoza ◽

T. Ravichandran

Keyword(s):

Network Effects ◽

Business Processes ◽

International Standards ◽

Learning Theories ◽

Firm Level ◽

Data Formats ◽

Routine Tasks ◽

Using Data

Vertical standards describe products and services, define data formats and structures, and formalize and encode business processes for specific industries. Vertical standards enable end-to-end computing, provide greater visibility of the organization's supply chain, and enable transactional efficiencies by automating routine tasks, reducing errors, and formally defining all parameters used to describe a product, service, or transaction. Research on standards diffusion has explored either firm-level and institutional variables, without integration of the two areas. This study develops scales for 11 constructs based on concepts culled from diffusion of innovations theory, organizational learning theories of technology adoption, institutional theory and network effects theory. The scales are validated with data collected from the membership of OASIS, a leading international standards-developing organization for electronic commerce technologies. Using data cluster analysis, relationship patterns between the 11 constructs are investigated. Results show that low fit between vertical standards and existing organizational business processes and data formats, low levels of anticipated benefits, and inadequate momentum with critical business partners contribute to slower vertical standards assimilation. However, organizational involvement with influential standards-development organizations, and the right set of technologies, skills, and structures to readily benefit from vertical standards spur their assimilation.

Audience responses to online video in MENA: New favorite genres or just more of the same as on television?

International Communication Gazette ◽

10.1177/1748048518759196 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 80 (8) ◽

pp. 697-713 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Klaus Schoenbach ◽

Marium Saeed ◽

Robb Wood

Keyword(s):

Middle East ◽

North Africa ◽

Large Scale ◽

Online Video ◽

Early Adopters ◽

Audience Responses ◽

Large Scale Survey ◽

Using Data

How do audiences in the Middle East and North Africa respond to the dramatic expansion of content offered with the advent of online video? Rapid internet adoption in the region signifies the latest expansion of content menus available to audiences since television. In this article, we determine who—as a consequence of this expansion—diversifies their content preferences online and on traditional television, and who maintains the same preferences, regardless of platform. To answer these questions, this study applies Everett Rogers' diffusion of innovations theory, using data from a large-scale survey on media use in the Middle East and North Africa. The results reveal: In the Middle East and North Africa in 2016, classic characteristics of innovators and early adopters are no longer significant predictors that one will be receptive to different genres of content online versus on television. Instead, more significant predictors are the television landscape in one’s country, being interested in new content of all kinds, and the characteristics of the genres themselves.

An Exploratory Analysis of the Relationship between Organizational and Institutional Factors Shaping the Assimilation of Vertical Standards

Innovations in Organizational IT Specification and Standards Development ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-2160-2.ch012 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 193-221

Author(s):

Rubén A. Mendoza ◽

T. Ravichandran

Keyword(s):

Network Effects ◽

Business Processes ◽

International Standards ◽

Learning Theories ◽

Firm Level ◽

Data Formats ◽

Routine Tasks ◽

Using Data

Vertical standards describe products and services, define data formats and structures, and formalize and encode business processes for specific industries. Vertical standards enable end-to-end computing, provide greater visibility of the organization’s supply chain, and enable transactional efficiencies by automating routine tasks, reducing errors, and formally defining all parameters used to describe a product, service, or transaction. Research on standards diffusion has explored either firm-level and institutional variables, without integration of the two areas. This study develops scales for 11 constructs based on concepts culled from diffusion of innovations theory, organizational learning theories of technology adoption, institutional theory and network effects theory. The scales are validated with data collected from the membership of OASIS, a leading international standards-developing organization for electronic commerce technologies. Using data cluster analysis, relationship patterns between the 11 constructs are investigated. Results show that low fit between vertical standards and existing organizational business processes and data formats, low levels of anticipated benefits, and inadequate momentum with critical business partners contribute to slower vertical standards assimilation. However, organizational involvement with influential standards-development organizations, and the right set of technologies, skills, and structures to readily benefit from vertical standards spur their assimilation.

Role of network structure and network effects in diffusion of innovations

Industrial Marketing Management ◽

10.1016/j.indmarman.2008.08.006 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 170-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

Hanool Choi ◽

Sang-Hoon Kim ◽

Jeho Lee

Keyword(s):

Network Structure ◽

Network Effects

Issues and prospects of determining the dominant position in the conditions of the digital economy

Courier of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University ◽

10.17803/2311-5998.2020.75.11.202-210 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 202-210

Author(s):

V. S. Belykh ◽

M. O. Bolobonova ◽

K. A. Konkov

Keyword(s):

Big Data ◽

Network Effects ◽

Digital Economy ◽

Network Effect ◽

Quantitative Criterion ◽

Dominant Position ◽

The Subject

The article analyzes the change in approaches to determining the dominant position in digital markets. The authors indicate the main directions of improving the antimonopoly legislation in these directions. The paper also considers the problems of the quantitative criterion, which in turn leads to the conclusion about the increased role of qualitative criteria for determining the dominant position of the subject. The development of the digital economy forces us to develop other, alternative criteria. These alternative criteria include network effects and the mode of access to big data. In this regard, the authors consider the concept of a network effect, its features. In turn, the possession of big data is seen as a source of abuse in the digital economy.

When Crowd-Based Resources and Capabilities Generates Radical Innovation? It Depends on the Network Effects

International Journal of Business Studies ◽

10.32924/ijbs.v4i2.137 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 104-114

Author(s):

Adhi Setyo Santoso

Keyword(s):

Network Effects ◽

Supply And Demand ◽

Radical Innovation ◽

Sem Analysis ◽

Innovation Performance ◽

Network Effect ◽

Incremental Innovation ◽

Contributing Factors ◽

Resources And Capabilities

Peer-to-peer or digital multi-sided platform (MSP) startups have created disruptions in various industries in the past few years. In this matter, the crowds within the platform ecosystem have significant contribution for digital MSP startups’ growth. However, there are limited studies that examine the crowd-based resource and capabilities as the source of radical innovation performance since it still conducts the perspective of linear product-market supply and demand. By using network theory, this research proposal wants to examine the role of network effects toward the development of the radical innovation. The findings of PLS-SEM analysis with 70 respondents from digital MSP startups show that crowds-based resources and capabilities manifested by integrative capabilities can generate radical innovation performance through decent network effect that enables to produce high incremental innovation performance beforehand. It shows the importance interaction between digital MSP startups with the crowds for innovation purposes. Hence, the findings contribute in open innovation literatures especially in finding the contributing factors to generate radical innovation

Intention to Receive the COVID-19 Vaccination in China: Application of the Diffusion of Innovations Theory and the Moderating Role of Openness to Experience

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9020129 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 129

Author(s):

Phoenix Kit-han Mo ◽

Sitong Luo ◽

Suhua Wang ◽

Junfeng Zhao ◽

Guohua Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Openness To Experience ◽

Descriptive Norm ◽

Perceived Efficacy ◽

Related Information ◽

Use Of Social Media ◽

To Receive ◽

Moderating Role

COVID-19 has caused a devastating impact on public health and made the development of the COVID-19 vaccination a top priority. Herd immunity through vaccination requires a sufficient number of the population to be vaccinated. Research on factors that promote intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccination is warranted. Based on Diffusion of Innovations Theory, this study examines the association between the perceived efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccination, use of social media for COVID-19 vaccine-related information, openness to experience and descriptive norm with the intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccination, and the moderating role of openness to experience among 6922 university students in mainland China. The intention to receive the free and self-paid COVID-19 vaccination is 78.9% and 60.2%, respectively. Results from path analyses show that perceived efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccination, use of social media for COVID-19 vaccine-related information, and openness to experience and descriptive norm are all positively associated with the intention to receive COVID-19 free and self-paid vaccination. The association between the perceived efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccination and descriptive norm with the intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccination is stronger among those with a lower level of openness to experience. Our findings support the usefulness of Diffusion of Innovations Theory and the moderating role of openness of experience in explaining intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccination.