Comparison of 2 glucose analytical methodologies in immature Kemp’s ridley sea turtles: dry chemistry of plasma versus point-of-care glucometer analysis of whole blood

2021 ◽  
pp. 104063872110018
Author(s):  
Justin R. Perrault ◽  
Michael D. Arendt ◽  
Jeffrey A. Schwenter ◽  
Julia L. Byrd ◽  
Kathryn A. Tuxbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Glucose Determination ◽  
Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtles ◽  
Kemp's Ridley

Blood glucose measurements provide important diagnostic information regarding stress, disease, and nutritional status. Glucose analytical methodologies include dry chemistry analysis (DCA) of plasma and point-of-care (POC) glucometer analysis of whole blood; however, these 2 methods differ in cost, required sample volume, and processing time. Because POC glucometers use built-in equations based on features of mammalian blood to convert whole blood measurements to plasma equivalent units, obtained glucose data must be compared and validated using gold-standard chemistry analytical methodology in reptiles. For in-water, trawl-captured, immature Kemp’s ridley sea turtles ( Lepidochelys kempii) from Georgia, USA, we observed significant, positive agreement between the 2 glucose determination methods; however, the glucometer overestimated glucose concentrations by 1.4 mmol/L on average in comparison to DCA and produced a wider range of results. The discordance of these results suggests that POC glucometer glucose data should be interpreted in the context of methodology- and brand-specific reference intervals along with concurrent packed cell volume data.

The in vitro respiratory and acid–base properties of blood and tissue from the Kemp's ridley sea turtle, Lepidochelys kempi

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1403-1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erich K. Stabenau ◽  
Thomas A. Heming
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Sensitivity ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Hill Coefficient ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtles ◽  
Dissociation Curves ◽  
Kemp's Ridley ◽  
Base Properties

We determined the in vitro respiratory and acid–base properties of blood and tissue from Kemp's ridley sea turtles (Lepidochelys kempi). Blood O2 dissociation curves of ridley turtles were sigmoid, with a P50 of 31.2 ± 0.3 (mean ± SD) torr at 25 °C and pH 7.51. Increments in temperature or [Formula: see text] were associated with a shift of the O2 dissociation curves to the right and, hence, a reduction in haemoglobin–O2 binding affinity. The apparent heat of oxygenation, which is a measure of the temperature sensitivity of haemoglobin–O2 affinity, was −10.5 kcal/mol O2. The degree of cooperativity of O2 for hemoglobin binding sites, as measured by the Hill coefficient, increased at higher temperatures (20–30 °C at a [Formula: see text] of 37 torr), but was unaffected by changes in [Formula: see text] (37–52 torr at 25 °C). The CO2-Bohr effect was −0.34 torr/pH unit. The CO2 capacitance coefficient of whole blood and plasma declined as a function of increased [Formula: see text] (22 °C). Non-bicarbonate buffer capacities (22 °C) were 19.7, 18.5, and 6.4 slykes for whole blood, true plasma, and separated plasma, respectively. The skeletal muscle myoglobin content was 3.1 ± 0.84 mg∙g−1 of tissue. The respiratory and acid–base properties of blood and tissue from Kemp's ridley sea turtles are consistent with those of species that utilize lung O2 stores during long-term aerobic dives. The enhanced haemoglobin–O2 temperature sensitivity exhibited by the ridley turtle could be a physiological adaptation for life in coastal environments that typically undergo substantial fluctuations in temperature.

Predicted Sex Ratio of Juvenile Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtles Captured near Steinhatchee, Florida

Copeia ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa A. Geis ◽  
William J. Barichivich ◽  
Thane Wibbels ◽  
Michael Coyne ◽  
Andre M. Landry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtles ◽  
Kemp's Ridley

scholarly journals Multiplexed Detection of Sepsis Markers in Whole Blood using Nanocomposite Coated Electrochemical Sensors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uroš Zupančič ◽  
Pawan Jolly ◽  
Pedro Estrela ◽  
Despina Moschou ◽  
Donald E. Ingber
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Detection ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Nanocomposite Coating ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Undiluted Serum

ABSTRACTSepsis is a leading cause of mortality worldwide that is difficult to diagnose and manage because this requires simultaneous analysis of multiple biomarkers. Electrochemical detection methods could potentially provide a way to accurately quantify multiple sepsis biomarkers in a multiplexed manner as they have very low limits of detection and require minimal sensor instrumentation; however, affinity-based electrochemical sensors are usually hampered by biological fouling. Here we describe development of an electrochemical detection platform that enables detection of multiple sepsis biomarkers simultaneously by incorporating a recently developed nanocomposite coating composed of crosslinked bovine serum albumin containing a network of reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles that prevents biofouling. Using nanocomposite coated planar gold electrodes, we constructed a procalcitonin sensor and demonstrated sensitive PCT detection in undiluted serum and clinical samples, as well as excellent correlation with a conventional ELISA (adjusted r2 = 0.95). Sensors for two additional sepsis biomarkers — C-reactive protein and pathogen-associated molecular patterns — were developed on the same multiplexed platform and tested in whole blood. Due to the excellent antifouling properties of the nanocomposite coating, all three sensors exhibited specific responses within the clinically significant range without any cross-reactivity in the same channel with low sample volume. This platform enables sensitive simultaneous electrochemical detection of multiple analytes in human whole blood, which can be expanded further to any target analyte with an appropriate antibody pair or capturing probe, and thus, may offer a potentially valuable tool for development of clinical point-of-care diagnostics.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

scholarly journals Analytical and Clinical Evaluation of the NOWDiagnostics ADEXUSDx Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Test Using Whole Blood

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D Nerenz ◽  
Jennifer R Bell ◽  
Nancy Montes de Oca ◽  
Joann Short ◽  
Theresa Mims ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Intermediate Range ◽  
Pregnancy Status

Abstract Background Point-of-care (POC) urine qualitative human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) devices are used to rapidly assess pregnancy status, but many of these devices are susceptible to false-negative results caused by increased concentrations of hCG β core fragment (hCGβcf) that does not contain hCGβcf. Methods Purified hCG was added to hCG-negative heparinized whole blood to generate samples with known hCG concentrations, and the resulting samples were used to evaluate device sensitivity, low-end reproducibility, high-dose hook effect, intermediate range performance, acceptable sample volume, acceptable hematocrit range, and lot-to-lot variation. Device performance was also prospectively evaluated in 40 pregnant and 40 nonpregnant women aged 18–44 years in a hospital-based clinic or an academic hospital emergency department. Results All device observations were positive using a whole blood sample containing a plasma hCG concentration of 2.2 × 106 IU/L, and all device observations were positive from18 IU/L to 1.2 × 103 IU/L and from 2.5 × 104 IU/L to 2.2 × 106 IU/L. Three invalid results were observed in the intermediate range because of decreased control line intensity. The minimum sample volume was 30 μL, and maximum hematocrit was 46%. In 40 pregnant and 40 nonpregnant women aged 18–44 years, the device generated 100% concordance with urine qualitative and plasma quantitative test results. Conclusions The ADEXUSDx™ hCG test demonstrates acceptable performance for the determination of pregnancy status using capillary fingerstick samples.

scholarly journals Variation in age and size at sexual maturity in Kemp’s ridley sea turtles

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
KA Bjorndal ◽  
J Parsons ◽  
W Mustin ◽  
AB Bolten
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtles ◽  
Size At Sexual Maturity ◽  
Kemp's Ridley

scholarly journals Variability in age and size at maturation, reproductive longevity, and long-term growth dynamics for Kemp's ridley sea turtles in the Gulf of Mexico

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. e0173999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa Avens ◽  
Lisa R. Goshe ◽  
Lewis Coggins ◽  
Donna J. Shaver ◽  
Ben Higgins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtles ◽  
Kemp's Ridley

scholarly journals Analysis of the fecal microbiome in Kemp’s ridley sea turtles Lepidochelys kempii undergoing rehabilitation

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 121-131
Author(s):  
MM Samuelson ◽  
EE Pulis ◽  
C Ray ◽  
CR Arias ◽  
DR Samuelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Lepidochelys Kempii ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Fecal Microbiome ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtles ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Kemp's Ridley

The impact of the intestinal and fecal microbiome on animal health has received considerable attention in recent years and has direct implications for the veterinary and wildlife rehabilitation fields. To examine the effects of rehabilitation on the microbiome in Kemp’s ridley sea turtles Lepidochelys kempii, fecal samples from 30 incidentally captured juveniles were collected during rehabilitation. Samples were analyzed to determine alpha- (α) and beta- (β) diversity as well as the taxonomic abundance of the fecal microbiota during rehabilitation and in response to treatment with antibiotics. The fecal microbial communities of animals housed in rehabilitation for a ‘short-term’ stay (samples collected 0-9 d post-capture) were compared with ‘long-term’ (samples collected 10+ d post-capture) and ‘treated’ groups (samples collected from turtles that had received antibiotic medication). Results of this study indicate that the most dominant phylum in fecal samples was Bacteroidetes (relative abundance, 45.44 ± 5.92% [SD]), followed by Firmicutes (26.62 ± 1.58%), Fusobacteria (19.49 ± 9.07%), and Proteobacteria (7.39 ± 1.84%). Similarly, at the family level, Fusobacteriaceae (28.36 ± 17.75%), Tannerellaceae (15.41 ± 10.50%), Bacteroidaceae (14.58 ± 8.48%), and Ruminococcaceae (11.49 ± 3.47%) were the most abundant. Our results indicated that both antibiotic-treated and long-term rehabilitated turtles demonstrated a significant decrease in β-diversity when compared to short-term rehabilitated turtles. Our results likewise showed that the length of time turtles spent in rehabilitation was negatively correlated with α- and β-diversity. This study demonstrates the importance of a judicious use of antibiotics during the rehabilitation process and emphasizes the importance of limiting the length of hospital stays for sick and injured sea turtles as much as possible.

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