scholarly journals Characterization of Pathogenic Sepsis Etiologies and Patient Profiles: A Novel Approach to Triage and Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 117863611882508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hallie H Dolin ◽  
Thomas J Papadimos ◽  
Xiaohuan Chen ◽  
Zhixing K Pan
Keyword(s):  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Correct Treatment ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Patient Profiles ◽  
Classification Information

Pathogenic sepsis is not a monolithic condition. Three major types of sepsis exist within this category: bacterial, viral, and fungal, each with its own mechanism of action. While similar in symptoms, the etiologies and immune mechanisms of these types differ enough that a discrete patient base can be recognized for each one. Non-specific treatment, such as broad-spectrum antibiotics, without determination of sepsis origins may worsen sepsis symptoms and leads to increased morbidity and mortality in patients. However, recognition of current and historical patterns in likely patients for each sepsis type may aid in differentiation between pathogens prior to definitive blood testing. Clinicians may ultimately be able to diagnose and treat bacterial, viral, and fungal sepsis using analysis of previous patient patterns and circumstances in addition to standard care. This method is likely to decrease incidence of multidrug-resistant organisms, organ failure due to ineffective treatment, and turnaround time to the correct treatment for each sepsis patient. Ultimately, we aim to provide classification information on these patient populations and to suggest epidemiology-based screening methods that can be integrated into critical care medicine, specifically triage and treatment of sepsis.

scholarly journals Characterization of presumptive vancomycin-resistant enterococci recovered during infection control surveillance in Dallas, Texas

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Ping ◽  
Nancy Mayorga-Reyes ◽  
Valerie J. Price ◽  
Michelle Onuoha ◽  
Pooja Bhardwaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Medium Components ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Colony Color ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

AbstractEnterococcus faecalis and E. faecium are Gram-positive bacteria that normally inhabit the human gastrointestinal tract. They are also opportunistic pathogens and can cause nosocomial infection outbreaks. To prevent the spread of nosocomial infections, hospitals may rely on screening methods to identify patients colonized with multidrug-resistant organisms including vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). Spectra VRE agar (Remel) contains vancomycin and other medium components that select for VRE and phenotypically differentiate between faecalis and faecium species by colony color. We obtained 66 de-identified rectal swab cultures on Spectra VRE agar that were obtained during routine patient admission surveillance at a Dallas, Texas hospital. We analyzed 90 presumptive VRE from 61 of the Spectra VRE agar cultures using molecular and culture methods. Using ddl typing, 55 were found to be E. faecium and 32 were found to be E. faecalis. While most of the E. faecium were positive for the vanA gene by PCR (52 of 55 strains), few of the E. faecalis were positive for either vanA or vanB (5 of 32 strains). The 27 E. faecalis vanA- and vanB-negative strains could not be recultured on Spectra VRE agar. Overall, we found that Spectra VRE agar performed robustly for the identification of vancomycin-resistant E. faecium, but presumptive false positives were obtained for vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis.

A novel approach for determination of the dissolved and the particulate fractions in aqueous samples by flow field flow fractionation via online monitoring of both the cross flow and the detector flow using ICP-MS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 548-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Tan ◽  
Jingjing Yang ◽  
Volker Nischwitz
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Online Monitoring ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Field Flow Fractionation ◽  
Aqueous Samples ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Elemental Characterization

Full elemental characterization of particle suspensions by monitoring the dissolved and the particulate fractions within the same FFF run.

scholarly journals Characterization of Nanofluids Using Multifractal Analysis of a Liquid Droplet Trace

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Augustyniak ◽  
Izabela Zgłobicka ◽  
Krzysztof Jan Kurzydłowski ◽  
Paweł Misiak ◽  
Agnieszka Zofia Wilczewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multifractal Analysis ◽  
Liquid Droplet ◽  
Complex Scaling ◽  
Demineralized Water ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Singularity Exponents ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Analysis Determination

Abstract This paper presents a novel approach to the analysis of nanofluids by using a nonlinear multifractal algorithm. Multifractal analysis allows to present detailed local descriptions of complex scaling behavior using a spectrum of singularity exponents. Nanoliquids prepared from nanoparticles of SiO2 (~0,01g) suspended in 100 ml of demineralized water and in 100 ml of 99,5% isopropanol were subjected to classical methods of analysis: determination of the contact angle, determination of the zeta potential, pH, and examination with a particle size analyzer. The obtained results show that the obtained nanofluid is stable and well prepared, while further nonlinear analyzes show that the usage of multifractal analysis for nanofluids can significantly improve both the process of analyzing this issue as well as its preparation, based on the multifractional spectrum.

Characterization of Impressed Current Technique to Model Corrosion of Reinforcement in Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Abu Zakir Morshed ◽  
Sheikh Shakib ◽  
Tanzim Jahin
Keyword(s):  
Immersion Time ◽  
Chloride Content ◽  
Engineering Science ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Faraday’S Law ◽  
Current Technique ◽  
Corrosion Cell ◽  
Impressed Current

Corrosion of reinforcement is an important durability concern for the structures exposed to coastal regions. Since corrosion of reinforcement involves long periods of time, impressed current technique is usually used to accelerate the corrosion of reinforcement in laboratories. Characterization of impressed current technique was the main focus of this research,which involved determination of optimum chloride content and minimum immersion time of specimens for which the application of Faraday’s law could be efficient. To obtain optimum chloride content, the electrolytes in the corrosion cell were prepared similar to that of concrete pore solutions. Concrete prisms of 200 mm by 200 mm by 300 mm were used to determine the minimum immersion time for saturation. It was found that the optimum chloride content was 35 gm/L and the minimum immersion time for saturation was 140 hours. Accounting the results, a modified expression based on Faraday’s law was proposed to calculate weight loss due to corrosion. Journal of Engineering Science 11(1), 2020, 93-99

The Determination of Sense via Deleuze and Blanchot: Paradoxes of the Habitual, the Immemorial, and the Eternal Return

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Brently Young
Keyword(s):  
Eternal Return

Eternal return is the paradox that accounts for the interplay between difference and repetition, a dynamic at the heart of Deleuze's philosophy, and Blanchot's approach to this paradox, even and especially through what it elides, further illuminates it. Deleuze draws on Blanchot's characterisations of difference, forgetting, and the unlivable to depict the ‘sense’ produced via eternal return, which, for Blanchot, is where repetition implicates or ‘carries’ pure difference. However, for Deleuze, difference and the unlivable are also developed by the living repetition or ‘contraction’ of habit, which results in his distinctive characterization of ‘force’, ‘levity’, and sense in eternal return.

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