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2022 ◽  
Vol 905 ◽  
pp. 238-245
Author(s):  
Xiao Han ◽  
Yong Hua Lao ◽  
Jun Lan ◽  
Si Qi Tan ◽  
Jian Hui Song ◽  
...  

Calcium carbonate is so hard to be further developed in polymer applications because it is difficult to combine with other materials. Starch-coated calcium carbonate was prepared by using starch as the main modifier and sodium stearate and sodium hexametaphosphate as the auxiliary modifiers. Optimal modification conditions were tested by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment optimization. Manifestation was evaluated with the help of Fourier infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and laser particle size analyzer and other test instruments. Results showed that a starch film was successfully coated on the surface of calcium carbonate, and the edges and corners of the modified coated calcium carbonate were passivated, and the particles were rounded. The active interface calcium carbonate has a broad application prospect in the field of degradable biomaterials.


2022 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-330
Author(s):  
Edi Suryanto ◽  
Mercy R.I. Taroreh

Effects of particles size of dietary fiber powder on the physico-chemical properties and antioxidant activity of corncob were investigated. Corncob was grounded in a regularly mill and grinding characteristics and the particles size were evaluated by particle size analyzer (PSA) using laser diffraction method and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The results showed that the insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) powder from corncob had the highest crude fiber content (32.31%) and carbohydrates (55.07%). Spectral analysis shows that the IDF matrix structure does not change after grinding and has three characteristics of absorption spectra at 3433-3425 cm-1 (O-H); 2920 cm-1 (C-H) and 1635 cm-1 (aromatic) in presence of the special structures of polysaccharide and lignin compounds. Particle size analyzer (PSA) results showed that the size of IDF 200 mesh and 80 mesh powder were 63.13 and 260.89 μm, respectively. The insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) significantly shows a decrease in dietary fiber content in line with the reduction in particle size. The IDF powder with a particle size of 63.13 μm showed that highest total phenolic content accompanied with the best antioxidant activity through all antioxidant assays (p < 0.05). This study concluded that the IDF micro-powder particle size exerted influence on physico-chemical properties, dietary fiber, total phenolic and antioxidant activity.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 872-884
Author(s):  
Dina Rahma Ulya ◽  
St. Rahmatullah ◽  
W Wirasti ◽  
Dwi Bagus Pambudi

AbstractCotton banana peel (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) has not been used by the community. Nanoparticles are solid colloidal particles with a diameter of 10-1000 nm. This study aims to make ethanol extract of cotton banana peel (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) as an active substance in the form of nanoparticles formulated in gel preparations and to determine the evaluation of cotton banana peel (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) nanoparticle gel. The method of making nanoparticles of ethanolic extract of cotton banana peel (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) in this research is ionic gelation. Nanoparticles of ethanolic extract of cotton banana peel (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) were characterized using particle size analyzer. Evaluation of gel preparations included organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, dispersibility, adhesion, viscosity and cycling tests. The cycling test includes organoleptic, pH and viscosity testing. Cycling test observations were carried out for 6 cycles. Characterization of nanoparticles of ethanolic extract of cotton banana peel (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) had a particle size of 220.3 nm with a polydipsia index of 0.139. Evaluation of pH preparations has a pH of 6, viscosity ranges from 7116 cps – 8095 cps, dispersion ranges from 5.1 cm to 5.4 cm, adhesion ranges from 1.11 seconds to 7.54 seconds. The results of the cycling test showed a change in the color of the preparation, while the cycling test for pH and viscosity did not change the stability. Conclusion The cotton banana peel extract (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) can be made into smaller particles or nanoparticles using the ionic gelation method and the evaluation of the nanoparticle gel preparation of the cotton banana peel (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) extract has met the requirements.Keywords: Cotton banana peel, gel, nanoparticles, evaluation AbstrakKulit buah pisang kapas (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) belum dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat. Nanopartikel merupakan partikel koloid padatan dengan diameter 10-1000 nm. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat ekstrak etanol kulit buah pisang kapas (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) sebagai zat aktif dalam bentuk nanopartikel yang diformulasi dalam sediaan gel dan untuk mengetahui evaluasi gel nanopartikel kulit buah pisang kapas (Musa paradisiaca Linn.). Metode pembuatan nanopartikel ekstrak etanol kulit buah pisang kapas (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) pada penelitian ini yaitu gelasi ionik. Nanopartikel ekstrak etanol kulit buah pisang kapas (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) dikarakterisasi menggunakan particle size analyzer. Evaluasi sediaan gel meliputi uji organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, daya lekat, viskositas dan cycling test. Pengujian cycling test meliputi pengujian organoleptis, pH dan viskositas. Pengamatan cycling test dilakukan selama 6 siklus.Karakterisasi nanopartikel ekstrak etanol kulit buah pisang kapas (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) memiliki ukuran partikel 220,3 nm dengan indeks polidipersitas 0,139. Evaluasi sediaan pH memiliki pH 6, viskositas rentang 7116 cps – 8095 cps, daya sebar rentang 5,1 cm -5,4 cm, daya lekat rentang 1,11 detik – 7,54 detik. Hasil pengujian cycling test terdapat perubahan warna dari sediaan, sedangkan pengujian cycling test terhadap pH dan viskositas tidak mengalami perubahan stabilitas. Kesimpulan ekstrak kulit buah pisang kapas (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) dapat dibuat dalam partikel yang lebih kecil atau nanopartikel dengan menggunkan metode gelasi ionik dan evaluasi sediaan gel nanopartikel ekstrak etanil kulit buah pisang kapas (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) telah memenuhi persyaratan.Kata kunci: Kulit buah pisang kapas, gel, nanopartikel, evaluasi


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Augustyniak ◽  
Izabela Zgłobicka ◽  
Krzysztof Jan Kurzydłowski ◽  
Paweł Misiak ◽  
Agnieszka Zofia Wilczewska ◽  
...  

Abstract This paper presents a novel approach to the analysis of nanofluids by using a nonlinear multifractal algorithm. Multifractal analysis allows to present detailed local descriptions of complex scaling behavior using a spectrum of singularity exponents. Nanoliquids prepared from nanoparticles of SiO2 (~0,01g) suspended in 100 ml of demineralized water and in 100 ml of 99,5% isopropanol were subjected to classical methods of analysis: determination of the contact angle, determination of the zeta potential, pH, and examination with a particle size analyzer. The obtained results show that the obtained nanofluid is stable and well prepared, while further nonlinear analyzes show that the usage of multifractal analysis for nanofluids can significantly improve both the process of analyzing this issue as well as its preparation, based on the multifractional spectrum.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Luo ◽  
Huiwei Sun ◽  
Qiyu Jiang ◽  
Yantao Chai ◽  
Congshu Li ◽  
...  

The molecularly targeted agent anlotinib offers a novel therapeutic strategy against advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). With this study, we aimed to solve the technical problem of anlotinib being insoluble in injectable solutions; we also aimed to assess the antitumor activity of anlotinib on hepatocellular carcinoma cells. We prepared an anlotinib nanocrystal injection by wet grinding, and we optimized the prescription process using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and a laser particle size analyzer (LPSA). The release of anlotinib from the injected nanocrystals was evaluated using LC-MS/MS in vitro, and the drug’s anti-tumor effects were assessed in a nude mice tumor model. The anlotinib nanocrystals had a uniform particle size distribution (the average nanoparticle size was ~200 nm). The preparation of anlotinib into nanocrystals did not change the original crystal structure. The intravenous injection of anlotinib nanocrystals achieved anti-tumor activity at very low doses compared to those required for oral administration of an anlotinib suspension: anlotinib nanocrystals at a dose of 50 μg/kg inhibited the subcutaneous growth of the HCC cell line MHCC97-H; whereas the dose of anlotinib suspension required for an equivalent effect was 1 mg/kg. Therefore, our novel anlotinib nanocrystal injection preparation provides an option for achieving a safe and effective molecularly targeted therapy against advanced HCC.


Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3206
Author(s):  
Nisha Choudhary ◽  
Virendra Kumar Yadav ◽  
Krishna Kumar Yadav ◽  
Abdulaziz Ibrahim Almohana ◽  
Sattam Fahad Almojil ◽  
...  

Textile industries are the largest consumer of synthetic dyestuff compounds and consequently, they are the prime contributor of colored organic contaminants to the environment. The dye compounds when released in soil or freshwater resources such as rivers, cause a potential hazard to living beings due to their toxic, allergic and carcinogenic nature. Current conventional treatment methods for removal or degradation of such dyestuff materials from water systems are not sufficient, and therefore, there is an immediate need to find efficient and eco-friendly approaches. In this regard, nanotechnology can offer an effective solution to this problem. In the present work, montmorillonite/silver nanocomposite (MMT/Ag nanocomposite) is developed through green synthesis methods using naturally occurring montmorillonite (MMT) clay and silver nanoparticles. The material was characterized by using a particle size analyzer (PSA), UV/Visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and a Brunner–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analyzer. The adsorption efficiency of the nanocomposite and per cent removal of methylene blue (MB) was investigated by using a batch system.


Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 6665
Author(s):  
Akbar Idhayadhulla ◽  
Aseer Manilal ◽  
Anis Ahamed ◽  
Saud Alarifi ◽  
Gurusamy Raman

The synthesis of nanoparticles is most important in the context of cancer therapy, particularly copper nanoparticles, which are widely used. In this work, copper(II)-tyrosinase was isolated from potato peel powder. Copper nanoparticles (Tyr-Cu(II)-AEEA NPs) were synthesized via the reaction of tyrosinase with N-aminoethylethanolamine to produce Cu(II)-NPs and these were characterized by means of FT-IR, UV-Spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, TEM and a particle size analyzer. These Tyr-Cu(II)-AEEA NPs were tested as anticancer agents against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Fluorescence microscopy and DNA fragmentation were also performed, which revealed the inhibiting potentials of Cu(II)-AEEA NPs and consequent cell death; Tyr-Cu(II)-AEEA NPs show potential cytotoxicity activity and this nano material could be contemplated as an anticancer medicament in future investigations.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ercan BERBERLER ◽  
Betül Tuba GEMİCİ ◽  
Handan UCUN ÖZEL ◽  
Tuğçe DEMİR ◽  
Duran KARAKAŞ

Abstract In this study, eight independent rainfall events were sampled sequentially from September 20, 2019 to June 15, 2020, in Bartın province located at the western Black Sea coast of Turkey. Manually collected volume based sequential samples were analyzed for pH and water soluble ions involving F-, Cl-, NO3-, SO42–, PO43-, Na+, K+, NH4+, Mg2+ and Ca2+. Total trace and major elements (sum of soluble and insoluble fractions), and elemental and organic carbons (EC and OC) contents of the sequential samples were measured. Water insoluble particulate matters in the sequential samples were characterized for their sizes, morphologies and the compositions by using Scanning Electron Microscopy Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry (SEM-EDS) and particle size analyzer. Results of SEM-EDS, particle size distributions, chemical analyses and the upper atmospheric backtrajectories were used to apportion the sources of the water insoluble single particulate matters in sequential rain samples. Using the proposed method, iron-steel facilities, and thermal power plants were identified as the significant regional sources. Urban traffic and natural emission were identified as the local sources.


Author(s):  
Yu. D. Smirnova ◽  
G. Yu. Rabinovich ◽  
N. V. Fomicheva

Abstract: The recent decades have witnessed a significant development and implementation of nanotechnology, including in various branches of agriculture. There is an active search for ways to obtain preparations for plant growing with nanoparticles that can be more rapidly involved in the metabolic processes of plants. This article aims to obtain a nanosized silica-humic preparation and its approbation on potato plants. As a source of humic substances, a liquid humic preparation BoGum (developed by the All-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands) was used, as a source of silicon – sodium metasilicate. Ultrasonic dispersion method was used for achieving the nanoscale of the samples. A silicon source was introduced in an amount of 0.1% (of SiO2) into BoGum, followed by the application of ultrasonic action for 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes. The analysis of the obtained samples using a 90 Plus/MAS particle size analyzer has shown that with increasing dispersion time, the effective particle diameter changed insignificantly. At the same time, a redistribution of particles was noted: when the samples were exposed for 20 minutes, the number of smaller particles increased. After 5 minutes of treatment, the range of particle distribution was 115±13–830±23 nm, after 20 minutes of exposure, the particle diameter fell into two regions: 81±8–120±10 and 280±4–470±18 nm. Ultrasonic action contributed to the retention of the stable state of aggregation of the obtained preparation, larger microbiological activity and larger content of humic acid in comparison with the silica-humic preparation, obtained without the application of an ultrasound. The new nanosized silica-humic preparation has been tested on potato plants. Treatment of tubers before planting, followed by foliar spraying of vegetative plants, has contributed to an increase in potato yield by 18.7%. Changes were noted in the content of mono- and polysilicic acids in the soil, as well as the accumulation of silicon in the tops of potatoes when using silicahumic preparations by 0.96% of absolute dry mass on average.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 9033
Author(s):  
Diana Rakhmawaty Eddy ◽  
Soraya Nur Ishmah ◽  
Muhamad Diki Permana ◽  
M. Lutfi Firdaus ◽  
Iman Rahayu ◽  
...  

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been widely applied as a photocatalyst for wastewater treatment due to its high photocatalytic activity and it can remove various harmful organic pollutants effectively. Under heated system, however, TiO2 is prone to agglomeration that decrease its abilities as a photocatalyst. In order to overcome the agglomeration and increase its thermal resistance, addition of silica (SiO2) as supporting material is proposed in this research. Silica or silicon dioxide can be extracted from natural resources such as beach sand. Here, we report the application of a composite photocatalyst of TiO2/SiO2 to remove phenolic compounds in wastewater. The photocatalyst was synthesized by adding SiO2 from beach sand onto TiO2 through impregnation methods. The results of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that TiO2 was present in the anatase phase. The highest crystallinity was obtained by TiO2/SiO2 ratios of 7:1. SEM results showed that the shape of the particles was spherical. Further characterizations were conducted using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and a particle size analyzer (PSA). By using the optimized condition, 96.05% phenol was degraded by the synthesized photocatalyst of TiO2/SiO2, under UV irradiation for 120 min. The efficiency of the TiO2/SiO2 is 3.5 times better than commercial TiO2 P25 for the Langmuir–Hinshelwood first-order kinetic model.


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