Formation and Land-Use History of Celticfields in North-West Europe – an Interdisciplinary Case Study at Zeijen, the Netherlands

2003 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theo Spek ◽  
Willy Groenman-van Waateringe ◽  
Maja Kooistra ◽  
Lideweij Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Land Use History ◽  
North West ◽  
History Of

Formation and Land-Use History of Celtic Fields in North-West Europe – an Interdisciplinary Case Study at Zeijen, the Netherlands

2003 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theo Spek ◽  
Willy Groenman-van Waateringe ◽  
Maja Kooistra ◽  
Lideweij Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
North West ◽  
Late Iron Age ◽  
History Of

Celtic field research has so far been strongly focused on prospection and mapping. As a result of this there is a serious lack of knowledge of formation and land-use processes of these fields. This article describes a methodological case study in The Netherlands that may be applied to other European Celtic fields in the future. By interdisciplinary use of pedological, palynological and micromorphological research methods the authors were able to discern five development stages in the history of the field, dating from the late Bronze Age to the early Roman Period. There are strong indications that the earthen ridges, very typical for Celtic fields in the sandy landscapes of north-west Europe, were only formed in the later stages of Celtic field agriculture (late Iron Age and early Roman period). They were the result of a determined raising of the surface by large-scale transportation of soil material from the surroundings of the fields. Mainly the ridges were intensively cultivated and manured in the later stages of Celtic field cultivation. In the late Iron Age a remarkable shift in Celtic field agriculture took place from an extensive system with long fallow periods, a low level of manuring and extensive soil tillage to a more intensive system with shorter fallow periods, a more intensive soil tillage and a higher manuring intensity. There are also strong indications that rye (Secale cereale) was the main crop in the final stage of Celtic field agriculture.

Land use history of Village Bay, Hirta, St Kilda World Heritage Site: A palynological investigation of plaggen soils

2009 ◽  
Vol 153 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 46-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret P. Donaldson ◽  
Kevin J. Edwards ◽  
Andrew A. Meharg ◽  
Claire Deacon ◽  
Donald A. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Land Use History ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
History Of

Wells, Land, and History

2015 ◽  
pp. 322-344
Author(s):  
Karl-Johan Lindholm
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Historical Ecology ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Local Livelihoods ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Communal Area

Historical ecology has resulted in an increased engagement by archaeologists in present-day discussions concerned with environmental change, local livelihoods, and sustainable rural development. This chapter discusses the pastoral land-use history of the Eastern Communal Area in north-eastern Namibia, southern Africa, and argues that the lack of a detailed historical analysis of the current land organization has resulted in a rather static image of people and land-use in this area. This in turn has fed into current rural development efforts, which seem to reinforce a colonial heritage. Hence, the main objective of the case study is to situate current discussions concerning rural development and conservation efforts in eastern Namibia in a historically rooted landscape. The chapter exemplifies how archaeology in combination with a landscape approach can contribute to a better understanding of the processes that have shaped the present setting of rural development efforts.

Soil quality as influenced by land use history of orchards in humid subtropics

CATENA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samarendra Hazarika ◽  
Dwipendra Thakuria ◽  
A.N. Ganeshamurthy ◽  
T. Sakthivel
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Land Use History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Humid Subtropics

The Lichen Flora of Gwynedd

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pentecost
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Vegetation History ◽  
Basic Rock ◽  
North West ◽  
History Of ◽  
Marine Littoral ◽  
Lichen Flora

AbstractThe lichen flora of the county of Gwynedd, north-west Wales, is described. The flora includes 851 species and 19 subspecies and varieties. The work comprises sections on: climate; geology; land use and vegetation; history of lichenology, 1680–1985; corticolous flora, with classification and description of the important woodland sites; inland saxicolous flora, dealing with acid, intermediate and basic rock, the effects of altitude and aspect, the flora of seepages, streams and lakes; heath and moorland flora; coastal flora classified into the recognized zones of the marine littoral, mesic, submesic and xeric supralittoral; aspects of conservation, pollution; and the lichen flora itself. The latter includes a brief description of the ecology and distribution of each species and all of the currently known 10-km2 records for the species in the county.

Evaluation of Accessibility Impacts of Land-Use Scenarios: The Implications of Job Competition, Land-Use, and Infrastructure Developments for the Netherlands

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Karst ◽  
Jan R Ritsema van Eck
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Job Accessibility ◽  
Evaluation Practice ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Potential Activity ◽  
Job Levels ◽  
Job Competition

Activity-based accessibility measures, describing the level of access to spatially distributed activities, are not put to the same use in land use and/or transport policy evaluations as are infrastructure-based accessibility measures, which describe congestion levels or the average speed on the motorway network. In this paper we attempt to improve the current evaluation practice by the application of potential, activity-based, accessibility measures for the analysis of job accessibility, using existing traditional land-use and transport data and/or models. We try to improve the interpretability of the results by estimating the separate influence of land-use changes, infrastructure projects, and congestion on the development of job accessibility. A case study of the Netherlands shows the importance of incorporating job competition and the match between educational and job levels in the analysis of job accessibility.

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