Free nonlinear vibration analysis of nano-truncated conical shells based on modified strain gradient theory

In this study, the nonlinear free vibrations behaviour of nano-truncated conical shells was analysed, using the first-order shear deformable shell model. The analysis took into account the structure size through modified strain gradient theory, and differential quadrature and Fréchet derivative methods in von Kármán-Donnell-type approach to kinematic nonlinearity. The governing equations were obtained, utilizing Hamilton's principle. Partial differential equations plus the non-classical and classical boundary conditions were used to obtain the shells’ equations of motion. Discretizing the boundary conditions and equations of motion were performed based on a generalized differential quadrature analogy. The eigenvalue system was considered based on the harmonic balance technique. The Galerkin and Fréchet derivative approaches were used to determine the nonlinear free vibration behaviour of the carbon nano-cone, which was modelled in the simply- and clamped-supported boundary conditions. Comparisons were made between the findings from the new model versus the couple and classical stress theories, indicating that the classical and modified couple stress theories are distinct representations of modified strain gradient theory. The results also revealed that the degree of hardening of nano-truncated conical shells in the modified strain gradient theory is less than that of modified couple stress and classical theories. This led to a rise in the non-dimensional amplitude and frequency ratios. This study investigated the effect of size on free nonlinear vibrations of nano-truncated conical shells for various apex angles and lengths. Finally, we evaluated and compared our findings versus those reported by previous studies, which confirmed the precision and accuracy of our results.