scholarly journals Using guanxi to conduct elite interviews in China

2021 ◽  
pp. 146879412110634
Author(s):  
Hongqin Li ◽  
William Harvey ◽  
Jon V. Beaverstock
Keyword(s):  
Research Projects ◽  
Ongoing Process ◽  
Personal Connections ◽  
Elite Interviews ◽  
Gain Access

Drawing on two research projects in China, this article provides three contributions to the literature on elite interviews. First, we demonstrate how guanxi (informal, particularistic and personal connections) can help gain access and build trust with elite Chinese interviewees in a dynamic rather than a static manner. Second, we show the relational and ongoing process of elite interviewing, combining the sensemaking and sensegiving efforts of the interviewer and interviewee. We introduce the concept of sense-becoming to describe how researchers can develop a sense of strategy for future interviews. Third, we highlight the value of guanxi and co-positionality for the interviewer and interviewee to enhance interaction during interviews. We conclude by providing a heuristic for conceptualising the salience of guanxi and sensemaking for elite interviews in China.

Interviewing elite women professors: Methodological reflections with feminist research ethics

2020 ◽  
pp. 146879412096536
Author(s):  
Nian Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Feminist Research ◽  
Women Scholars ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
Elite Interviews ◽  
Leadership Research ◽  
Women Professors ◽  
Gain Access

Interviewing senior professors in universities is a common qualitative method of conducting leadership research on higher education. Like other types of elite interviews, researching established scholars can create multiple challenges for emerging researchers because of power differences. Feminist research ethics offer principles to tackle these issues by focusing on power, boundaries and relationships in the research process. This study is based on the methodological reflections of my doctoral project: investigating intellectual leadership of 22 women full professors in Hong Kong. I argue that feminist research ethics benefit new researchers by addressing some dilemmas of elite interviews, including how to define elite participants, how to gain access, how to prepare for interviews and how to interact effectively. This empirical study sheds light on feasible practices of interviewing elite women scholars from the perspective of feminist approaches.

scholarly journals “Get to the bridge and I will help you to cross”: Merit, Personal Connections and Money in Access to Nigerian Higher Education

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Willott
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Federal Sector ◽  
State And Society ◽  
Personal Connections ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gain Access

This article examines the methods students use to gain access to a university in Nigeria's elite federal sector. It explains the relationships between three “currencies” – merit, personal connections and money – that are utilised by students to achieve their goals. I argue that influences representing the official rules – merit – and those representing semi-official or unofficial processes – personal connections and money – intersect in ways that reveal the complexity of the relationship between state and society in contemporary Nigeria. This analysis reveals that in this case the hybrid interpretation of the neopatrimonial state, which views official and unofficial norms as existing in parallel and suffusing one another, has more analytical value than its counterpart, the wholesale state privatisation thesis.

scholarly journals A computer network for South African researchers

1988 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-194
Author(s):  
T. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Computer Network ◽  
International Level ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Gain Access

A computer network holds the key to several important benefits for researchers. The services provided by modern networks enable scientists to collaborate on research projects, both on a national and international level, and to gain access to a large variety of hardware and software, irrespective of its location. Two recent investigations showed that researchers have an urgent need for a network. It was recommended that a phased approach be used to establish a network as soon as possible.

High-Vacuum Evaporation and a Cryostage to Observe Fractured Yeast

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 256-257
Author(s):  
William P. Wergin ◽  
Eric F. Erbe ◽  
Eugene L. Vigil
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Standard Specimen ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Specimen Holder ◽  
Sputter Coating ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Gain Access ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Transfer Device

Investigators have long realized the potential advantages of using a low temperature (LT) stage to examine fresh, frozen specimens in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). However, long working distances (W.D.), thick sputter coatings and surface contamination have prevented LTSEM from achieving results comparable to those from TEM freeze etch. To improve results, we recently modified techniques that involve a Hitachi S570 SEM, an Emscope SP2000 Sputter Cryo System and a Denton freeze etch unit. Because investigators have frequently utilized the fractured E face of the plasmalemma of yeast, this tissue was selected as a standard for comparison in the present study.In place of a standard specimen holder, a modified rivet was used to achieve a shorter W.D. (1 to -2 mm) and to gain access to the upper detector. However, the additional height afforded by the rivet, precluded use of the standard shroud on the Emscope specimen transfer device. Consequently, the sample became heavily contaminated (Fig. 1). A removable shroud was devised and used to reduce contamination (Fig. 2), but the specimen lacked clean fractured edges. This result suggested that low vacuum sputter coating was also limiting resolution.

On the Nature of Gender Categorization

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Tomelleri ◽  
Luigi Castelli
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Processing Stage ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Ongoing Process ◽  
Gender Categorization

In the present paper, relying on event-related brain potentials (ERPs), we investigated the automatic nature of gender categorization focusing on different stages of the ongoing process. In particular, we explored the degree to which gender categorization occurs automatically by manipulating the semantic vs. nonsemantic processing goals requested by the task (Study 1) and the complexity of the task itself (Study 2). Results of Study 1 highlighted the automatic nature of categorization at an early (N170) and on a later processing stage (P300). Findings of Study 2 showed that at an early stage categorization was automatically driven by the ease of extraction of category-based knowledge from faces while, at a later stage, categorization was more influenced by situational constrains.

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