scholarly journals Decision Support System Requirements Definition for Human Extravehicular Activity Based on Cognitive Work Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew James Miller ◽  
Kerry M. McGuire ◽  
Karen M. Feigh
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Support System ◽  
Extravehicular Activity ◽  
Cognitive Work ◽  
Work Domain Analysis ◽  
System Requirements ◽  
Work Functions ◽  
Work Domain

The design and adoption of decision support systems within complex work domains is a challenge for cognitive systems engineering (CSE) practitioners, particularly at the onset of project development. This article presents an example of applying CSE techniques to derive design requirements compatible with traditional systems engineering to guide decision support system development. Specifically, it demonstrates the requirements derivation process based on cognitive work analysis for a subset of human spaceflight operations known as extravehicular activity. The results are presented in two phases. First, a work domain analysis revealed a comprehensive set of work functions and constraints that exist in the extravehicular activity work domain. Second, a control task analysis was performed on a subset of the work functions identified by the work domain analysis to articulate the translation of subject matter states of knowledge to high-level decision support system requirements. This work emphasizes an incremental requirements specification process as a critical component of CSE analyses to better situate CSE perspectives within the early phases of traditional systems engineering design.

Decision Support System for Logistics Systems Analysis Using Image Theory and Work Domain Analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
Todd W. Kustra ◽  
Subhashini Ganapathy ◽  
Amanda C. Muller ◽  
S. Narayanan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Support System ◽  
Domain Analysis ◽  
Image Theory ◽  
Aircraft Maintenance ◽  
Logistics Systems ◽  
Interactive Decision Support ◽  
Work Domain Analysis ◽  
Work Domain

In this study, image theory and work domain analysis were used to develop an interactive decision support system for sortie generation tasks in an Air Force aircraft maintenance unit. Aircraft maintenance personnel were charged with creating a short list of aircraft for deployment using either maintenance information alone or maintenance information with the interactive decision support system. Results were compared with a deployment list developed by expert aircraft maintenance superintendents. The deployment lists generated with the interactive decision support system more closely resembled the experts' list and took less time to create than those generated using maintenance information alone. These results show the viability of the methodology outlined in this study for creating decision support systems in complex logistics planning.

scholarly journals Cognitive Systems Engineering Applied to Decision Support in Space Situational Awareness

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-33
Author(s):  
Andris D. Jaunzemis ◽  
Karen M. Feigh ◽  
Marcus J. Holzinger ◽  
Dev Minotra ◽  
Moses W. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Support System ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Space Situational Awareness ◽  
Human In The Loop ◽  
Cognitive Work

Existing approaches for sensor network tasking in space situational awareness (SSA) rely on techniques from the 1950s and limited application areas while also requiring significant human-in-the-loop involvement. Increasing numbers of space objects, sensors, and decision-making needs create a demand for improved methods of gathering and fusing disparate information to resolve hypotheses about the space object environment. This work focuses on the cognitive work in SSA sensor tasking approaches. The application of a cognitive work analysis for the SSA domain highlights capabilities and constraints inherent to the domain that can drive SSA operations toward decision-maker goals. A control task analysis is also conducted to derive requirements for cognitive work and information relationships that support the information fusion and sensor allocation tasks of SSA. A prototype decision-support system is developed using a subset of the derived requirements. This prototype is evaluated in a human-in-the-loop experiment using both a hypothesis-based and covariance-based scheduling approaches. Results from this preliminary evaluation show operator ability to address SSA decision-maker hypotheses using the prototype decision-support system (DSS) using both scheduling approaches.

Assessment of Decision Support Systems for Envisioned Human Extravehicular Activity Operations: From Requirements to Validation and Verification

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Miller ◽  
Karen M. Feigh
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Validation And Verification ◽  
Extravehicular Activity ◽  
Baseline Design ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Work Domain

This work presents the results of a laboratory-based study of prototype decision support systems (DSS) for envisioned human extravehicular activity (EVA). A central feature of this work is demonstrating the explicit linkages between DSS design requirements derived from work domain demands with the validation and verification process to examine the utility of specific DSS design solutions. Two DSS prototypes were developed— Baseline and Advanced—that addressed the same set of requirements derived through a cognitive systems engineering (CSE) definition process. The Baseline design was constructed as a minimum derivation from present-day technological standards while the Advanced design incorporated novel software solutions that currently do not exist in the EVA work domain. A representative future domain of human EVA operations was constructed and utilized to evaluate the DSS designs. Both DSS prototype designs were verified to satisfy their design requirements. Furthermore, each design was validated in favor of the Advanced DSS, which outperformed the Baseless DSS in nearly all measures of performance. This work illustrates how the same set of requirements can be satisfied in multiple ways to realize effective DSS solutions.

Cognitive System Engineering - Based Design: Alchemy or Engineering

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Gualtieri ◽  
Samantha Szymczak ◽  
William C. Elm
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Cognitive Complexity ◽  
Engineering Process ◽  
Cognitive Systems Engineering ◽  
Work Requirements ◽  
Engineering Discipline ◽  
Weakly Coupled ◽  
Cognitive Work ◽  
Work Domain

Cognitive Systems Engineering (CSE) techniques are widely used for the description and analysis of the sources of cognitive complexity and explicating the basis of expertise within a work domain. However, the results of the CSE techniques often focus on work analysis and are only weakly coupled to the design of decision support systems that are built based on those analyses. In fact, some within the CSE community have suggested that such a design epiphany occurs as if by magic. If CSE is to be treated as an engineering discipline, it cannot rely on magic to create systems. The approach described in this paper assumes that an explicit relationship between system design and supported cognitive work is fundamental to the design's effectiveness. The goal is a pragmatic, effective engineering process that explicitly designs systems according to relationships between cognitive work requirements and decision support concepts.

scholarly journals An Integrated Decision Support System for Improving Wildfire Suppression Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 497
Author(s):  
Miguel Lourenço ◽  
Luís B. Oliveira ◽  
João P. Oliveira ◽  
André Mora ◽  
Henrique Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Support System ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Wildfire Management ◽  
Wildfire Suppression ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
System Requirements ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Operational Data

Wildfires are expected to increase in number, extent, and severity due to climate change. Hence, it is ever more important to integrate technological developments and scientific knowledge into fire management aiming at protecting lives, infrastructure, and the environment. In this paper, a decision support system (DSS) adapted to the Portuguese context and based on multi-sensor technologies and geographic information system (GIS) functionalities is proposed to leverage operational data, enabling faster and more informed decisions to reduce the impact of wildfires. Here we present a flexible and reconfigurable DSS composed of three components: an ArcGIS online feature service that provides operational data and enables a collaborative environment of users that share operational data in near real-time; a mobile client application to interact with the system, enabling the use of GIS technology and visualization dashboards; and a multi-sensor device that collects field data providing value to external services. The design and validation of this system benefitted from the feedback of wildfire management specialists and a partnership with an end-user in the municipality of Mação that also helped establish the system requirements. The validation results demonstrated that a robust system was achieved with fully interoperable components that fulfill the defined system requirements.

SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN KEPALA BAGIAN DISTRIBUSI PADA PDAM TIRTAULI PEMATANGSIANTAR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE SAW

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Ahmad ◽  
Solikhun Solikhun ◽  
Sundari Retno Andani
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Support System ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Manual Selection ◽  
System Requirements ◽  
Simple Additive Weighting

The study, entitled "Supporting System for the Decision of the Head of Distribution Section at PDAM Tirtauli Pematangsiantar Using the SAW Method" aims to produce a Supportive System that is objective and systematic in determining the distribution heads who have the best qualifications. The research data is sourced from the relevant agencies in 2018. The data that is used as a reference for the requirements of the system requirements that are built is obtained from interviews with relevant agencies. From the interview, it was found that the problem of lack of objectivity and transparency of information in the process of determining the section head in any sector including the determination of the head of the distribution section is the absence of a standard or system used in determining the section head and only using manual selection method so that the determination of the section head is determined subjectively. In addition, the Candidates / alternatives recommended by PDAM Tirtauli themselves consist of 5 employees from a total employee population of 362 with the highest criteria and 5 criteria as the requirements for the assessment of the candidates for the head of the distribution department itself covering the criteria of responsibility (C1), achievement motivation (C2) , discipline (C3), communicative (C4), and working period (C5). This study uses the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method. With this system, agency leaders can produce a decision to choose the best distribution head more objectively.Keywords: Election of Distribution Section Head of PDAM Tirtauli Pematangsiantar, Decision Support System (SPK), Simple Additive Weighting (SAW)

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