Cognitive compatibility in modern manual mixed-model assembly systems

The compatibility concept is widely used in psychology and ergonomics. It describes the fit between elements of a sociotechnical system which is a prerequisite to successfully cooperate towards a common goal. For at least three decades, cognitive compatibility is of increasing importance. It describes the fit of externally presented information, information processing, and the required motor action. However, with increasing system complexity, probability for incompatibility increases, too, leading to time losses, errors and overall degraded performance. The elimination of cognitive incompatibilities through ergonomic measures at the workplace requires a lot of creativity and effort. Using practical examples from mixed-model assembly, improved information management and the use of informational assistance systems are discussed as promising ergonomic approaches. The ultimate goal is to avoid cognitive overload, for example in part picking or assembly tools choosing. To find a fit between externally mediated work instructions via displays and the subjectively used internal models and competencies is a challenging task. Only if this fit is given the system is perceived as beneficial. To achieve this, the assistance system should be configurable to fit individual needs as far as possible. Successful system design requires early participation and comprehensive integration of the assistance systems into the existing IT infrastructure.Practical relevance: Varied manual assembly requires a high degree of cognitive work. A rise in complexity of the assembly task increases the risk that cognitive incompatibility and thus cognitive overload will occur more frequently. It is shown that such unhealthy conditions can be countered by better information presentation and by the use of individually adaptable informational assistance systems.

Peran Pelatihan dan Pengembangan Dalam Menciptakan Perilaku Kerja Yang Inovatif dan Efektifitas Organisasi

This research uses descriptive qualitative research by creating a simple model in the development of training to create innovative and effective work in the workplace. Innovation is the development of work according to the skills of its employees. If the thoughts and actions of employees are creative and innovative, then innovation emerges. The need for innovation arises when a person tries to do cognitive work that is not routine. Learning and development is very important among various development resource practices that help employees to continuously update the knowledge, skills and attitudes required for innovation. It is important for the Organization to focus on eliciting innovative behavior among its employees to enable innovation. Non-routine work helps employees to be innovative and understand the importance of being innovative and learn the skills that are prerequisites for innovative behavior. This conceptual model tries to explore how non-routine work is carried out effectively through innovative work behaviors.

MODERN CO-REVOLUTION: ACTIVITY CONTENT AND DIALECTICS OF INFORMATIVE AND COGNITIVE SYSTEMS

Modern co-revolution is presented as an important component of the historical transition from the era of objectification to the era of humanization, from the industrial era to the post-industrial and epoch-making humanizing revolution; the dialectical unity of the latest industrial and knowledge-information-digital revolutions in the context of global evolutionary-revolutionary processes. The past mechanical, modern electronic-digital and future post-electronic stages of the knowledge-information-digital revolution are characterized. The transformation of an electronic computer into an information and communication machine with a possible quantum, biological and/or optical element base is considered. The concepts of “human-sized cognitive system” and “machine-sized cognitive system” are substantiated. Within the dialectic of these systems, emphasis is placed on their relative isolation, primacy, the dominance of the former over the latter, and the inclusion of the latter in the former. The probable structure of machine-sized cognitive systems are determined. In particular, it is accepted that sensory-cognitive work with the surface layer of the object is performed by sensor machines, generalizing-cognitive work with the subsurface layer of the object by generalizing machines, intellectual-cognitive work with essential layers of the object by intellectual machines, cognitive-applied work with the target layer of the object by pragmatist machines, cognitive-integrative work with the object as a whole by integrator machines. Energy, communication, management work and storage functions of derived information and digital products are designed to be performed, respectively, by such machines as energizers, communicators, managers and storagers. The example of the interaction of sensory-emotional cognitive activity of man and the activity of the sensory machine, as well as human memory and storager systems shows the decisive role of man and the growing role of the machine in modern cognitive processes. Thus, despite the active mechanization of the spiritual and mental humanized essential human forces, the main actor of modern co-revolution and knowledge-information-digital revolution remains man.

Exploring Electric Transmission Operation with Cognitive Work Analysis Models

Electric power networks are regarded as complex socio-technical systems as they incorporate a wide number of tasks and dynamic data that needs to be monitored continuously. This preliminary study investigated the work environment of electric power transmission and the related control tasks performed by the system operators. These findings shall be incorporated into the design of an ecological interface to improve situation awareness, reduce cognitive workload, and especially support novice operators in training.