scholarly journals Childhood Exposure to Religions With High Prevalence of Members Who Discourage Homosexuality Is Associated With Adult HIV Risk Behaviors and HIV Infection in Black Men Who Have Sex With Men

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1309-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
LaRon E. Nelson ◽  
Leo Wilton ◽  
Nanhua Zhang ◽  
Rotrease Regan ◽  
Chia T. Thach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Internalized Homophobia ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sex With Men

Exposure to childhood religious affiliations where the majority of members discourage homosexuality may have negative psychological impacts for Black men who have sex with men. This study tested the hypothesis that exposures to these environments during childhood were associated with adulthood human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/sexually transmitted infection (STI) behavioral risk and HIV infection, because these exposures influenced HIV/STI risk by undermining race/sexual identity congruence and increasing internalized homophobia and interpersonal anxiety. Structural equation modeling as well as logistic and Poisson regressions were performed using baseline data from HIV Prevention Trials Network 061 ( N = 1,553). Childhood religion affiliations that were more discouraging of homosexuality were associated with increased likelihood of HIV infection; however, the association was no longer significant after adjusting for age, income, and education. Having a childhood religion affiliation with high prevalence of beliefs discouraging homosexuality was associated with increased numbers of sexual partners (adjusted odds ratio = 4.31; 95% confidence interval [3.76, 4.94], p < .01). The hypothesized path model was largely supported and accounted for 37% of the variance in HIV infection; however, interpersonal anxiety was not associated with HIV/STI risk behaviors. Structural interventions are needed that focus on developing affirming theologies in religious institutions with Black men who have sex with men congregants.

Associations Between Internalized Homophobia and Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex With Men

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 656-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Crosby ◽  
Laura F. Salazar ◽  
Leandro Mena ◽  
Angelica Geter
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviors ◽  
Internalized Homophobia ◽  
Sex With Men

scholarly journals Stigma Diminishes the Protective Effect of Social Support on Psychological Distress Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex With Men

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 406-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. Bauermeister ◽  
Kathryn E. Muessig ◽  
Dalmacio D. Flores ◽  
Sara LeGrand ◽  
Seulki Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Living With Hiv

Addressing stigma remains a pressing HIV priority globally. Young Black men who have sex with men (YBMSM, ages 18–30; N = 474) completed an in-person baseline survey and reported their experiences of externalized stigma (i.e., racial and sexuality discrimination), internalized stigma (i.e., homonegativity), social support, and psychological distress (i.e., anxiety and depression symptoms). We used structural equation modeling to test the association between stigma and psychological distress, and examined whether social support mediated the relationship between stigma and psychological distress. Recognizing that these associations may differ by HIV status, we compared our models by self-reported HIV status (n = 275 HIV negative/unknown; n = 199 living with HIV). Our findings suggest that YBMSM who experience stigma are more vulnerable to psychological distress and may have diminished buffering through social support. These effects are accentuated among YBMSM living with HIV, highlighting the need for additional research focused on the development of tailored stigma reduction interventions for YBMSM.

Living While Black, Gay, and Poor: The Association of Race, Neighborhood Structural Disadvantage, and PrEP Utilization Among a Sample of Black Men Who Have Sex With Men in the Deep South

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 395-410
Author(s):  
Paul A. Burns ◽  
Casey D. Xavier Hall ◽  
Tonia Poteat ◽  
Leandro A. Mena ◽  
Frank Y. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Black Men ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Neighborhood Context ◽  
Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Black Msm ◽  
Deep South ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Structural Disadvantage ◽  
Sex With Men

Utilizing the Andersen Healthcare Utilization Model, we examined the role of neighborhood context on pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) utilization among a sample of Black men who have sex with men (MSM) residing in a medium-sized city in the Deep South. Data were derived from a sample of 142 Black MSM aged 18–64 years who were eligible for PrEP from a community-based study known as “ACCELERATE!” We used multilevel structural equation modeling to assess PrEP use. Social support, sexual risk, and health care access were predictive of PrEP use. Notably, residing in a neighborhood with concentrated poverty was associated with decreased PrEP use. Our findings reveal neighborhood structural disadvantage is associated with decreased PrEP use among Black MSM, after adjusting of individual-level sociodemographic characteristics. There is an urgent need to develop HIV prevention interventions and programs that explicitly address structural-level factors to eliminate racial/ethnic differences in HIV.

Effect of Job-Insecurity, Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction on Turnover Intention: A Case Study of Newcomer Lecturers at Private Islamic Universities in East Java Province, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Asep Saifuddin Chalim
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Pls Analysis

This study discussed employee turnover as one of the crucial problems faced by every organization. This study sought to analyze the determinants of turnover intention, such as job insecurity, organizational commitment, and job satisfaction. The objects of this study were newcomer lecturers of private Islamic universities in East Java Province, Indonesia. To analyze the relationship among independent variables and dependent variable; this study employed a correlation path model. To build the structural formulation of the correlation path model, this study used the variance-based Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) as a Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis. The study found that job insecurity influenced job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Moreover, job satisfaction and organizational commitment had positive impacts on the turnover intention. In contrast, job insecurity did not have a direct significant impact on the turnover intention, but it had indirect effect that influences job satisfaction and organizational commitment.

scholarly journals Use of multiple recreational drugs is associated with new HIV infections among men who have sex with men in China: a multicenter cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Mao ◽  
Sequoia I. Leuba ◽  
Qinghai Hu ◽  
Hongjing Yan ◽  
Zhe Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Recreational Drugs ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Recent Hiv Infection

Abstract Background There is limited information about the types of recreational drugs used by men who have sex with men (MSM) in China or the consequent impact on sexual health and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition. Methods We recruited MSM from seven cities in China between 2012 and 2013 using multiple approaches including advertisements on gay websites, collaborating with local MSM community-based organizations, peer referrals, and venues such as gay bars and bathrooms visited by MSM. We divided participants into four subgroups based on the number of recreational drugs (RDs) used in the previous 6 months. We defined use of multiple RDs as use of ≥2 types of RDs. Demographics and HIV-related high-risk behaviors were collected, and blood samples were tested for recent HIV infection by the HIV-1 subtypes B, E, and D immunoglobulin G capture enzyme immunoassay (BED-CEIA). We used multivariable logistic regression adjusted for sociodemographics to determine the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the subgroups of RD use for recent or established HIV infection. Results A total of 4496 Chinese MSM participated; 28.4% used RDs, and 5% used multiple types of RDs. The prevalence of each RD use was as follows: poppers (25.9%), ecstasy (2.4%), ketamine (1.2%), amphetamine (0.6%), tramadol (0.4%), methamphetamine (3.8%), and codeine (1.9%). Users of multiple RDs commonly used poppers combined with one or more other types of RDs. Multiple RD users were likely to be aged 26–30 years (vs. 18–25 and > 30 years), live in non-local cities (vs. local cities), never married (vs. married), have a high monthly income (vs. no income and 1–599 USD), use versatile positions during anal intercourse (vs. top or bottom), and have inadequate HIV-related prevention knowledge (vs. adequate). As the number of RDs used in the previous 6 months increased, the prevalence of HIV-related high-risk behaviors increased (P < 0.05 for all). The odds of recent HIV infection were higher among those who used one type (aOR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.5–3.0) or two types of RD (aOR=2.3, 95% CI: 1.0-5.2) in the previous 6 months compared to the odds among those who did not use RDs. Conclusion The level and pattern of multiple RD use among Chinese MSM were different from high-income countries. MSM who used more RDs are more likely to engage in high-risk sexual behaviors, and these behaviors may be associated with increases in new HIV infections.

scholarly journals Connection to the Gay Community and Self-Appraisals Among Older Men Who Have Sex With Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 824-824
Author(s):  
Mark Brennan-Ing ◽  
Michael Plankey ◽  
Sabina Haberlen ◽  
Steven Meanley ◽  
Andre Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Developmental Regulation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Gay Community ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Men who have sex with men (MSM) report greater body dissatisfaction compared with heterosexual men, which increases with age. This may result from internalized gay community values regarding ideal physiques and youth. Using structural equation modeling, we examined these relationships among 1,118 MSM men age 40 and older from the Healthy Aging Study (M age=59.9 years/50.1% HIV+/69.8% non-Hispanic White). We hypothesized gay community attachment would be related to self-appraisals (body dissatisfaction/internalized ageism), and that this relationship would be mediated by developmental regulation strategies (physical activity/exercise intentions). The model fit the data well (RMSEA = .048, 90% CI 0.017-0.079). Contrary to our hypothesis, connection to the gay community was related to positive self-appraisals (-.40, p&lt;.001), with significant indirect effects via regulation strategies (-.12, p&lt;.002). Thus, gay community connections are related to positive self-appraisals in older GB men and enhance strategies supporting physical and psychological health. Implications for practice will be discussed.

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