scholarly journals The Power of Goal-Directed Processes in the Causation of Emotional and Other Actions

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Moors ◽  
Yannick Boddez ◽  
Jan De Houwer
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Alternative Model ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Emotional Behavior ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Dual Process Model ◽  
Primary Determinant ◽  
Suboptimal Behavior

Standard dual-process models in the action domain postulate that stimulus-driven processes are responsible for suboptimal behavior because they take them to be rigid and automatic and therefore the default. We propose an alternative dual-process model in which goal-directed processes are the default instead. We then transfer the dual- process logic from the action domain to the emotion domain. This reveals that emotional behavior is often attributed to stimulus-driven processes. Our alternative model submits that goal-directed processes could be the primary determinant of emotional behavior instead. We evaluate the type of empirical evidence required for validating our model and we consider implications of our model for behavior change, encouraging strategies focused on the expectancies and values of action outcomes.

Politikvermittlung an der Schnittstelle von Unterhaltung und Information : Political communication at the interface of entertainment and information

SPIEL ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-145
Author(s):  
Larissa Leonhard ◽  
Anne Bartsch ◽  
Frank M. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Political Information ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Dual Process Model

This article presents an extended dual-process model of entertainment effects on political information processing and engagement. We suggest that entertainment consumption can either be driven by hedonic, escapist motivations that are associated with a superficial mode of information processing, or by eudaimonic, truth-seeking motivations that prompt more elaborate forms of information processing. This framework offers substantial extensions to existing dual-process models of entertainment by conceptualizing the effects of entertainment on active and reflective forms of information seeking, knowledge acquisition and political participation.

scholarly journals A statistical taxonomy and another “chance” for natural frequencies

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien Barton ◽  
Shabnam Mousavi ◽  
Jeffrey R. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Natural Frequencies ◽  
Statistical Information ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Dual Process Model

AbstractThe conclusions of Barbey & Sloman (B&S) crucially depend on evidence for different representations of statistical information. Unfortunately, a muddled distinction made among these representations calls into question the authors' conclusions. We clarify some notions of statistical representations which are often confused in the literature. These clarifications, combined with new empirical evidence, do not support a dual-process model of judgment.

scholarly journals An Extended Dual-Process Model of Entertainment Effects on Political Information Processing and Engagement

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank M. Schneider ◽  
Anne Bartsch ◽  
Larissa Leonhard
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Political Information ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Entertainment Media ◽  
Dual Process Model ◽  
The One

This chapter reviews the controversial relationship of entertainment and political communication and presents a theoretical framework to integrate seemingly contradicting concepts and research findings. On the one hand, concerns have been raised about the decay of news quality and political culture due to the growing influence of entertainment media. On the other, researchers have highlighted the potential of entertainment in terms of audience interest, cognitive accessibility, and public outreach. A literature overview shows theoretical and empirical support for both sides of the controversy about the (dys-)functionality of entertainment in political communication. Therefore, in an attempt to reconcile the divergent findings, the chapter presents an extended dual-process model of entertainment effects on political information processing and engagement. This framework offers substantial extensions to existing dual-process models of entertainment by conceptualizing the effects of entertainment on different forms of political engagement that have not been incorporated so far.

Dual-Process Models in Sociology

2019 ◽  
pp. 168-191
Author(s):  
Vanina Leschziner
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Dual Process Model ◽  
Dual Process Models ◽  
Analytical Review

In the ongoing quest to find new analytical or methodological tools to explicate social action, cultural sociologists have recently turned to the dual-process models developed by cognitive and social psychologists. Designed to explain the two basic types of cognitive processing—one autonomous and the other requiring controlled attention, dual-process models became a natural partner for sociological theories of action, with their interest in parsing dispositional and deliberative types of action. This chapter offers an analytical review of the sociological literature that engages with dual-process models. It begins with an outline of the fundamentals of dual-process models in cognitive and social psychology, and follows with an examination of the premises that constitute what has come to be called the sociological dual-process model. It then reviews sociological research that applies dual-process models, dividing this literature into two distinct groups that are separated along sharp epistemological, methodological, and analytical lines. The first group is a largely consistent body of work that follows the premises of the sociological dual-process model, emphasizing the primacy of Type 1 processing, and investigating how this form of cognition shapes action. The second group comprises a more diverse body of work, examines Type 1 and Type 2 processing, and attempts to capture the processes that shape cognition and action. The chapter concludes with remarks about the critiques raised against dual-process models, along with their potential contributions to sociological analysis.

Politikvermittlung an der Schnittstelle von Unterhaltung und Information : Political communication at the interface of entertainment and information

SPIEL ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-145
Author(s):  
Larissa Leonhard ◽  
Anne Bartsch ◽  
Frank M. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Political Information ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Dual Process Model

This article presents an extended dual-process model of entertainment effects on political information processing and engagement. We suggest that entertainment consumption can either be driven by hedonic, escapist motivations that are associated with a superficial mode of information processing, or by eudaimonic, truth-seeking motivations that prompt more elaborate forms of information processing. This framework offers substantial extensions to existing dual-process models of entertainment by conceptualizing the effects of entertainment on active and reflective forms of information seeking, knowledge acquisition and political participation.

Mothers Coping With Bereavement in the 2008 China Earthquake: A Dual Process Model Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Chen ◽  
Fang Fu ◽  
Wei Sha ◽  
Cecilia L. W. Chan ◽  
Amy Y. M. Chow
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Dual Process Model ◽  
Integral Process ◽  
China Earthquake ◽  
Depth Interviews

The purpose of this study is to explore the grief experiences of mothers after they lost their children in the 2008 China earthquake. Informed by the dual process model, this study conducted in-depth interviews to explore how six bereaved mothers coped with such grief over a 2-year period. Right after the earthquake, these mothers suffered from intensive grief. They primarily coped with loss-oriented stressors. As time passed, these mothers began to focus on restoration-oriented stressors to face changes in life. This coping trajectory was a dynamic and integral process, which bereaved mothers oscillated between loss- and restoration-oriented stressors. This study offers insight in extending the existing empirical evidence of the dual process model.

scholarly journals Morality, Normativity, and the Good System 2 Fallacy

Diametros ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Wim De Neys
Keyword(s):  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Probabilistic Reasoning ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Dual Process Model ◽  
Good System ◽  
System 2

In this commentary, I warn against a possible dual process misconception that might lead people to conclude that utilitarian judgments are normatively correct. I clarify how the misconception builds on (1) the association between System 2 and normativity in the dual process literature on logical/probabilistic reasoning, and (2) the classification of utilitarian judgments as resulting from System 2 processing in the dual process model of moral reasoning. I present theoretical and empirical evidence against both premises.  

scholarly journals An Extended Dual-Process Model of Entertainment Effects on Political Information Processing and Engagement

2021 ◽  
pp. 536-557
Author(s):  
Frank M. Schneider ◽  
Anne Bartsch ◽  
Larissa Leonhard
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Political Information ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Entertainment Media ◽  
Dual Process Model ◽  
The One

This chapter reviews the controversial relationship of entertainment and political communication and presents a theoretical framework to integrate seemingly contradicting concepts and research findings. On the one hand, concerns have been raised about the decay of news quality and political culture due to the growing influence of entertainment media. On the other, researchers have highlighted the potential of entertainment in terms of audience interest, cognitive accessibility, and public outreach. A literature overview shows theoretical and empirical support for both sides of the controversy about the (dys)functionality of entertainment in political communication. Therefore, in an attempt to reconcile the divergent findings, the chapter presents an extended dual-process model of entertainment effects on political information processing and engagement. This framework offers substantial extensions to existing dual-process models of entertainment by conceptualizing the effects of entertainment on different forms of political engagement that have not been incorporated so far.

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