scholarly journals The United States Pledge of Allegiance Ceremony

SAGE Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824401770152
Author(s):  
Leisa A. Martin ◽  
Glenn P. Lauzon ◽  
Matthew J. Benus ◽  
Pete Livas

The study evaluated 60 middle school students and 191 high school students on their willingness to recite or not recite the Pledge and their rationale. Overall, 60% of the middle school students and 68.6% of the high school students chose not to recite the loyalty oath. For the European Americans students, the most common rationale among the middle school students for reciting the Pledge was tradition; with the high school students, the most common reason for not reciting the Pledge was the voluntary nature of the Pledge ceremony. With the middle school and high school Akwesasne Mohawk students, the most common reasons for not reciting the Pledge were the voluntary nature of the Pledge ceremony and their Akwesasne Mohawk/Native American status. With their strong rejection of Pledge recitation, the Akwesasne Mohawk tribe has perpetuated a stronger socialization of their youth. However, the act of reciting the Pledge represents just one form of patriotism.

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ruba Mohammad Miqdadi

The purpose ofthe study is to examine whether there are any significant differences in the mathematics anxiety levels between high school students in Jordan and their counterparts in the United States. Another purpose is to examine whether there are gender differences related to mathematics anxiety among high school students ofboth communities. A total of 1,386 high school students in the United States and Jordan participated in main study. This study showed that Jordanian high school students exhibited a significantly higher mathematics anxiety than United States high school students. Furthermore, the study revealed that female high schooLstudents in the United States acquired a significantly higher mathematics anxiety level than males. Another finding of this study was that males in Jordan had a significantly higher leveL of mathematics anxiety than males in the United States. The findings and educational implications ofthe study are discussed in light ofthe cultural difference between the two communities.


1973 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 571-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. McKee

In a small (pop. 25,000) Eastern community in the United States, “counselors” (teachers, parents, police, mental health clinic workers, and ministers) and high school students were interviewed and tested to ascertain knowledge regarding drugs. Data suggest that less is known about certain categories of drugs than others; drug users are more knowledgeable about drugs than non-users; police scored consistently lower than other “counselors” and students; and those with higher levels of formal education scored higher. Particular problems and areas of ignorance among the (usually non-drug using) adults who give counsel require identification to aid in establishing more realistic, efficient, and effective organizing, staffing, and operating of programs.


2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1174-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seungho Ryu ◽  
Heontae Kim ◽  
Minsoo Kang ◽  
Zeljko Pedisic ◽  
Paul D. Loprinzi

Purpose: To evaluate secular trends in recreational sedentary behavior among high school students in the United States between 2003 and 2015. Design: A series of cross-sectional assessments over a 12-year period. Setting: Data from the 2003 to 2015 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System was used. Participants: Samples of 10 978 to 14 894 adolescents, drawn every 2 years: 2003 to 2015. Measures: The evaluated recreational self-reported sedentary behaviors included TV hours and computer hours that are not schoolwork. Results: For the entire sample, and using polynomial orthogonal coefficients via regression modeling, there was an upward linear trend for total sedentary behavior hours (β = 0.03; p = .001), a downward linear trend in TV watching (β = −0.06; p < .001), and an upward linear trend in computer use (β = 0.08; p < .001) from 2003 to 2015. Similar linear trends ( p < .001) were observed across several subpopulations, including the groups by gender, race/ethnicity, and body mass index. However, various subpopulations differed in TV watching, with black or African American, and obese adolescents having the highest TV watching hours, respectively (eg, 3.82 h/d vs 3.13 h/d in 2015; blacks vs whites; p < .05). Various subpopulations also differed in computer use, with obese adolescents (4.26 h/d in 2015) having the highest computer use. Conclusion: There were significant changes from 2003 to 2015 in sedentary behavior patterns in the US adolescent population. Total recreational sedentary behavior increased in this period. Specifically, TV viewing decreased while computer use increased. Continued monitoring of sedentary behavior trends is needed to better understand the changing behaviors of American adolescents and how they relate to changes chronic disease risk.


2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (12) ◽  
pp. 833-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marci Feldman Hertz ◽  
Sherry Everett Jones ◽  
Lisa Barrios ◽  
Corinne David-Ferdon ◽  
Melissa Holt

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