scholarly journals Imaging of nonatheromatous carotid artery disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 2514183X2110145
Author(s):  
Daniel Montes ◽  
Javier M Romero
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Plaque Rupture ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Imaging Evaluation ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque Rupture

Imaging diagnosis of nonatheromatous carotid artery disease is challenging due to its low prevalence in contrast to that of atheromatous disease. Congenital anomalies are frequently discovered incidentally, as the chronicity of these conditions allows for compensatory flow development. The inflammatory conditions typically present with nonspecific courses, and a high clinical suspicion along with timely imaging evaluation can guide the diagnosis. Carotid dissection is the result of a partial disruption of the arterial wall and can be seen in previously healthy patients, in patients with underlying noninflammatory arteriopathies or trauma. Traumatic injuries to the carotid artery may occur under many different conditions and mechanisms and timely recognition of high-risk patients improves patient outcomes. Although free-floating thrombi (FFT) formation is typically seen with atherosclerotic plaque rupture, different conditions may also predispose to FFT. In this review article, we study the different imaging features of nonatheromatous carotid artery disease using ultrasonography, computed tomography angiography, magnetic resonance angiography, and digital subtraction angiogram.

Angioplasty and stenting for carotid artery stenosis: indications, techniques, results, and complications

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. E5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Lanzino ◽  
Richard D. Fessler ◽  
Robert A. Mericle ◽  
Ajay K. Wakhloo ◽  
Lee R. Guterman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Stenosis ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
High Risk Patients ◽  
Clinical Series ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Angioplasty And Stenting

Following the favorable results obtained in the treatment of coronary artery disease, combined angioplasty and stenting has been advocated for the treatment of carotid artery stenosis as well. Although widespread application of angioplasty and stenting for carotid artery disease is neither indicated nor recommended, it may be a viable alternative therapy for select patients who are high-risk patients for surgery. The results of early series have suggested that endoluminal revascularization in these high-risk patients can be performed with an acceptable degree of safety. Although the incidence of death and major stroke rates following angioplasty and stenting procedures compares favorably with surgery, results of more recent clinical series have suggested that the incidence of perioperative transient neurological events and minor strokes may be higher than suggested by earlier reports, especially in patients with recent neurological symptoms and “unstable” plaques. In this article, the authors review the current potential indications for and preliminary results of angioplasty and stenting and describe their procedural technique. In addition, potential applications of stenting to intracranial thromboocclusive carotid artery disease are reviewed.

Sudden Death in Coronary Artery Disease are Associated With High 3D Critical Plaque Wall Stress: A 3D Multi-Patient FSI Study Based on Ex Vivo MRI of Coronary Plaques

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueying Huang ◽  
Chun Yang ◽  
Jie Zheng ◽  
Richard Bach ◽  
David Muccigrosso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computational Models ◽  
Plaque Rupture ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Carotid Plaques ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque Rupture

Atherosclerotic plaque rupture is the primary cause of cardiovascular clinical events such as heart attack and stroke. It is commonly believed that plaque rupture may be linked to critical mechanical conditions. Image-based computational models of vulnerable plaques have been introduced seeking critical mechanical indicators which may be used to identify potential sites of rupture [1–5]. A recent study by Tang et al. [4] using in vivo MRI-based 3D fluid-structure interaction (FSI) models for human carotid plaques with and without rupture reported that higher critical plaque wall stress (CPWS) values were associated with plaques with rupture, compared to those without rupture. However, existing computational plaque models are mostly for carotid plaques based on MRI data. Comparable similar studies for coronary plaques are lacking in the current literature. In this study, 3D computational multi-component models with FSI were constructed to identified 3D critical plaque wall stress, critical flow shear stress (CFSS) based on ex vivo MRI data of coronary plaques acquired from 10 patients. The patients were split into 2 groups: patients died in carotid artery disease (CAD, Group 1, 6 patients) and non CAD (Group 2, 4 patients). The possible link between CPWS and death in CAD was investigated by comparing the CPWS values from the two groups.

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