High incidence of serum monoclonal Igs detected by a sensitive immunoblotting technique in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia

In a prospective study in 65 untreated patients with early-stage B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), serum monoclonal Igs (moIg) were evidenced in 80% of cases by a sensitive immunoblotting procedure. These low-abundance moIg were generally undetectable by immunoelectrophoresis and individual sera often contained several of them. Their kappa/lambda ratio was close to 1 instead of 2.8 for the lymphocyte surface Igs. A monoclonal IgM of the same light-chain type as the lymphocyte surface IgM was found in 26 sera only. The distribution of the heavy-chain classes and subclasses and light-chain types of the serum moIg was similar to those observed in aging (with a higher incidence and no correlation with age in B-CLL) and conditions with defective T-cell functions. Using a specific filter affinity- transfer assay, rheumatoid factors were detected in 58.5% of sera. However, homogeneous anti-IgG antibodies corresponding to a monoclonal IgM of the same light-chain type as the surface IgM were found in 10 patients only. These data suggest that the majority of discrete serum moIg in B-CLL are not secretion products of the leukemic clones and likely result from the immunodeficiency state inherent in the disease.

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High incidence of serum monoclonal Igs detected by a sensitive immunoblotting technique in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v84.4.1216.1216 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 84 (4) ◽

pp. 1216-1219 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

A Beaume ◽

A Brizard ◽

B Dreyfus ◽

JL Preud'homme

Keyword(s):

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

B Cell ◽

Light Chain ◽

Early Stage ◽

Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

Cell Functions ◽

Lymphocyte Surface ◽

Light Chain Type ◽

Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

Chain Type

Abstract In a prospective study in 65 untreated patients with early-stage B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), serum monoclonal Igs (moIg) were evidenced in 80% of cases by a sensitive immunoblotting procedure. These low-abundance moIg were generally undetectable by immunoelectrophoresis and individual sera often contained several of them. Their kappa/lambda ratio was close to 1 instead of 2.8 for the lymphocyte surface Igs. A monoclonal IgM of the same light-chain type as the lymphocyte surface IgM was found in 26 sera only. The distribution of the heavy-chain classes and subclasses and light-chain types of the serum moIg was similar to those observed in aging (with a higher incidence and no correlation with age in B-CLL) and conditions with defective T-cell functions. Using a specific filter affinity- transfer assay, rheumatoid factors were detected in 58.5% of sera. However, homogeneous anti-IgG antibodies corresponding to a monoclonal IgM of the same light-chain type as the surface IgM were found in 10 patients only. These data suggest that the majority of discrete serum moIg in B-CLL are not secretion products of the leukemic clones and likely result from the immunodeficiency state inherent in the disease.

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Serum Levels of Soluble CD23, but not Soluble CD25, Predict Disease Progression in Early Stage B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Leukemia & Lymphoma ◽

10.3109/10428199709058320 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 27 (5-6) ◽

pp. 523-532 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

W. U. Knauf ◽

I. Langenmayer ◽

B. Ehlers ◽

B. Mohr ◽

D. Adorf ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

B Cell ◽

Disease Progression ◽

Early Stage ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

Soluble Cd25 ◽

Soluble Cd23 ◽

Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

Predict Disease Progression

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Circulating sCD138 and Some Angiogenesis-Involved Cytokines Help to Anticipate the Disease Progression of Early-Stage B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/mi/2006/42394 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 2006 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Dariusz Wołowiec ◽

Jarosław Dybko ◽

Tomasz Wróbel ◽

Donata Urbaniak-Kujda ◽

Bożena Jaźwiec ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

B Cell ◽

Disease Progression ◽

Early Stage ◽

Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

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Heterogeneity and Clinical Relevance of the Intensity of CD20 and Immunoglobulin Light-Chain Expression in B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

American Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1093/ajcp/106.4.457 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 106 (4) ◽

pp. 457-461 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Ayalew Tefferi ◽

Brian J. Bartholmai ◽

Thomas E. Witzig ◽

Chin-Yang Li ◽

Curtis A. Hanson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

B Cell ◽

Light Chain ◽

Clinical Relevance ◽

Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

Immunoglobulin Light Chain ◽

Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

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Expression of NK-lineage markers on peripheral blood lymphocytes with T- helper (Leu3+/T4+) phenotype in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v65.1.149.149 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 149-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

A Velardi ◽

JT Prchal ◽

EF Prasthofer ◽

CE Grossi

Keyword(s):

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

B Cell ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

T Helper ◽

Cell Functions ◽

Lineage Markers ◽

Granular Lymphocytes ◽

Normal Controls ◽

Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Abstract Heterogeneity within lymphocyte subsets expressing T-helper (T4+/Leu3+) or T-suppressor (T8+/Leu2+) markers was analyzed in 38 patients with B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) and in 11 age-matched controls. Co-expression of NK-lineage markers (M1, Leu7) on Leu2+ or Leu3+ cells was investigated by two-color immunofluorescence, and the proportion of granular lymphocytes within each subset was determined by cytochemical staining for acid phosphatase. B-CLL patients and normal controls had similar absolute numbers of cells per microL with T- suppressor phenotype. However, the proportion of Leu2+ cells co- expressing the Leu7 antigen was higher in the B-CLL patients than in the control subjects (54 +/- 3% v 27 +/- 4%, P less than .0001). The absolute number per microL of cells with T-helper phenotype was somewhat decreased in B-CLL patients compared with normal subjects (649 +/- 104 v 799 +/- 33, P less than .02), with a consequent decrease of the helper/suppressor ratio. Furthermore, co-expression of the Leu7 and, more strikingly, of the M1 markers was increased significantly on Leu3+ cells from B-CLL patients compared with normal controls (11 +/- 2% v 2 +/- 0.7%, P less than .002 for Leu7 and 40 +/- 5% v 4 +/- 1%, P less than .00001 for M1). Cytochemical studies showed that a large proportion of Leu3+ cells from B-CLL patients were granular lymphocytes, as suggested by the co-expression of natural killer (NK) cell markers. The emergence of a population of Leu3+ granular lymphocytes with NK markers, which is barely detectable in normal subjects, may provide an explanation for the impairment of T cell functions repeatedly described in B-CLL.

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Prospective study of clinical and biological prognostic factors at diagnosis in patients with early stage B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Leukemia & Lymphoma ◽

10.3109/10428194.2010.545463 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 429-435 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ana C. Oliveira ◽

Esmeralda de la Banda ◽

Eva Domingo-Domenech ◽

Maite Encuentra ◽

Santiago Mercadal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prognostic Factors ◽

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

Prospective Study ◽

B Cell ◽

Early Stage ◽

Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

Biological Prognostic Factors

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Allogeneic dendritic cells pulsed with tumor lysates or apoptotic bodies as immunotherapy for patients with early-stage B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Leukemia ◽

10.1038/sj.leu.2403860 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 19 (9) ◽

pp. 1621-1627 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

I Hus ◽

J Roliński ◽

J Tabarkiewicz ◽

K Wojas ◽

A Bojarska-Junak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dendritic Cells ◽

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

B Cell ◽

Early Stage ◽

Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

Apoptotic Bodies ◽

Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

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Expression of NK-lineage markers on peripheral blood lymphocytes with T- helper (Leu3+/T4+) phenotype in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v65.1.149.bloodjournal651149 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 149-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A Velardi ◽

JT Prchal ◽

EF Prasthofer ◽

CE Grossi

Keyword(s):

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

B Cell ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

T Helper ◽

Cell Functions ◽

Lineage Markers ◽

Granular Lymphocytes ◽

Normal Controls ◽

Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Heterogeneity within lymphocyte subsets expressing T-helper (T4+/Leu3+) or T-suppressor (T8+/Leu2+) markers was analyzed in 38 patients with B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) and in 11 age-matched controls. Co-expression of NK-lineage markers (M1, Leu7) on Leu2+ or Leu3+ cells was investigated by two-color immunofluorescence, and the proportion of granular lymphocytes within each subset was determined by cytochemical staining for acid phosphatase. B-CLL patients and normal controls had similar absolute numbers of cells per microL with T- suppressor phenotype. However, the proportion of Leu2+ cells co- expressing the Leu7 antigen was higher in the B-CLL patients than in the control subjects (54 +/- 3% v 27 +/- 4%, P less than .0001). The absolute number per microL of cells with T-helper phenotype was somewhat decreased in B-CLL patients compared with normal subjects (649 +/- 104 v 799 +/- 33, P less than .02), with a consequent decrease of the helper/suppressor ratio. Furthermore, co-expression of the Leu7 and, more strikingly, of the M1 markers was increased significantly on Leu3+ cells from B-CLL patients compared with normal controls (11 +/- 2% v 2 +/- 0.7%, P less than .002 for Leu7 and 40 +/- 5% v 4 +/- 1%, P less than .00001 for M1). Cytochemical studies showed that a large proportion of Leu3+ cells from B-CLL patients were granular lymphocytes, as suggested by the co-expression of natural killer (NK) cell markers. The emergence of a population of Leu3+ granular lymphocytes with NK markers, which is barely detectable in normal subjects, may provide an explanation for the impairment of T cell functions repeatedly described in B-CLL.

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